Overview
Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey (pro sp.) is a species of flowering plant in the family Gesneriaceae, native to the islands of Kaua?i and Ni?ihau in Hawaii. It is generally known by the common name Mokihana, though this name is also applied to other species in the genus Cyrtandra.Appearance
The plant is a moderately shrubby perennial, with stems growing up to 2m tall. The leaves are dark green and glossy, and approximately 10 to 15cm long. The flowers are tubular, and grow in clusters at the end of the stems. The corolla is typically white, though it may also be pink or lavender, and is surrounded by a brightly colored calyx.Uses
Mokihana is considered an important cultural plant in Hawaiian folklore, and its fruits are used in traditional lei-making. The plant is also used in traditional medicine as a diuretic, and its leaves and stems have been used in poultices to treat bruises and skin irritations. However, as Cyrtandra ×crassior is a relatively rare species that is limited to its native habitat, it is not widely used in commercial or horticultural applications. The conservation of this species, along with other plants native to Hawaii, is important for maintaining the biodiversity and cultural heritage of the region.In summary, Cyrtandra ×crassior is a species of flowering plant endemic to Hawaii, known by the common name Mokihana. It is a moderately shrubby perennial, with white or pink flowers and dark green glossy leaves. The plant is culturally significant and has traditional medicinal uses, although it is not widely used in commercial or horticultural applications due to its rarity.
Light requirements
Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey requires bright, filtered light in order to thrive. This plant should not be exposed to direct sunlight, as it can burn the leaves. A north or east-facing window is an ideal location for this plant.
Temperature requirements
Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey prefers warm temperatures between 60-80°F (15-27°C). Temperatures below 50°F (10°C) can cause damage to the plant and should be avoided.
Soil requirements
This plant requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The ideal soil pH for Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey is slightly acidic to neutral (5.5-7.0). The soil should be kept consistently moist, but not waterlogged.
Cultivation Methods for Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey
Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey thrives in a shaded, moist environment with well-draining soil. It can tolerate partial sunlight, but too much direct sunlight can damage its leaves. This plant is suitable for growing in containers or as an indoor plant. To cultivate, plant it in a pot with well-draining, high-quality soil mixed with peat moss or coconut coir.
Watering Needs for Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey
Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey needs consistent moisture. Ensure the soil is always moist but not waterlogged. Water it regularly, and avoid letting the soil dry out completely. Overwatering can also be detrimental to this plant's health, so it is essential to maintain moisture balance. Spraying the leaves with water can also help avoid dryness and maintain high humidity levels.
Fertilization for Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey
Fertilizing Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey is an essential aspect of caring for it. You can use a balanced fertilizer with equal nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N-P-K) ratios. Fertilize it every two weeks during the growing season, from spring to fall. Using a slow-release fertilizer can result in a more consistent feeding regimen. Avoid overfertilization because it can cause damage to the plant's roots.
Pruning Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey
Pruning Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey is essential to maintain its attractive shape and promote healthy growth. Prune it regularly to remove diseased or damaged parts. Doing so can also encourage vigorous growth and prevent overcrowding. During the pruning process, it is essential to sanitize your gardening tools to prevent the spread of diseases.
Propagation of Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey
Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey is a hybrid plant that is primarily propagated either by stem cuttings or via tissue culture.
Propagation through Stem Cuttings
To propagate Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey through stem cuttings, you should select a healthy stem that is about 4-6 inches in length. Remove the leaves from the lower portion of the stem, leaving only the top leaves intact. Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone and plant it in moist soil. Keep the soil moist and maintain a high level of humidity by covering the cutting with a plastic bag or a cloche. After about 4-6 weeks, new roots will form, and the new plant can be transferred to a larger pot.
Propagation through Tissue Culture
Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey can also be propagated through tissue culture. In this method, small pieces of plant tissue, such as leaf and stem cells, are placed in a sterile, nutrient-rich media in a laboratory. The cells then multiply and grow into new plants, which are eventually transferred to soil and grown to maturity. This method is more complex and requires specialized equipment and expertise, but it is useful for producing large numbers of identical plants.
Disease and Pest Management for Cyrtandra ×crassior St. John & Storey (pro sp.)
Cyrtandra ×crassior is an evergreen plant that is relatively resistant to pests and diseases. However, there are still some common problems that may arise. The following are some of the diseases and pests that may affect Cyrtandra ×crassior and how to manage them.
Diseases
Root Rot: One of the common diseases that may affect Cyrtandra ×crassior is root rot, which is caused by overly moist soil and poor drainage. To prevent this, make sure the soil is well-draining and avoid over-watering the plant. If root rot has already set in, remove the affected plant parts and repot the plant in fresh soil.
Leaf Spot: Leaf spot is another disease that may affect the plant. This is caused by fungal or bacterial infections, which usually spread in humid or wet conditions. To prevent this, avoid over-crowding the plants and ensure proper ventilation. If leaf spot appears, prune the affected leaves and apply a fungicide or bactericide as directed.
Pests
Aphids: Aphids are common pests that can attack Cyrtandra ×crassior. They feed on the sap of the plant, causing stunted growth, distorted leaves, and yellowing. To prevent this, spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Alternatively, you can remove the aphids manually by washing them off with a strong stream of water.
Spider Mites: Another common pest that may affect the plant are spider mites. They suck the sap of the plant and cause yellowing, browning, and leaf drop. To prevent this, ensure proper humidity levels and remove any dusty conditions that may attract spider mites. You can also spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil as directed.
In conclusion, Cyrtandra ×crassior is a hardy plant that is relatively resistant to diseases and pests. However, it is important to monitor the plant regularly and take necessary action to prevent any problems that may arise.
