Overview of Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc.
Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. is a rare and unusual succulent plant that belongs to the family Vitaceae. This plant is native to Tanzania and was first discovered by the British botanist Dr. John Verdcourt in 1985. It is commonly known as the “Selous Cyphostemma” or “Sanctuary Grape”.
Appearance of Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc.
The Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. plant has a unique and distinct appearance. It is a large, woody perennial with a thick, fleshy stem that can reach up to 10 cm in diameter. The stems bear tightly packed leaves that are green above and slightly paler below. The leaves are simple, alternate, and orbicular, measuring 6 to 12 cm in diameter. It has small greenish-white flowers which bloom in clusters from July to August. The plant is highly valued for its unique and unusual architecture.
Uses of Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc.
Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. has been traditionally used by the local people of Tanzania for medicinal purposes. The root of the plant is used to treat snake bites, arthritis, and other illnesses. The stem is used as a source of water during the dry season. The plant is also used for decorative purposes due to its distinctive appearance.
However, the plant is currently threatened due to its collection for medicinal and ornamental purposes. Therefore, conservation measures must be taken to ensure the survival of this rare species.
Growth Conditions of Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc.
Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. is a perennial succulent plant species that requires specific growth conditions to thrive. The following are some crucial growth factors:
Light Requirements
The plant requires bright, indirect sunlight. It can tolerate direct sunlight but not for extended periods. Direct sunlight exposure can cause leaf scorching and discoloration. Therefore, it is advisable to place the plant in a spot with filtered light or partial shade.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers warm temperatures between 20-30°C (68-86°F) during the day and 10-15°C (50-59°F) at night. Cooler temperatures can cause the plant to go dormant or die. When temperatures exceed 35°C (95°F), the plant can experience heat stress, leading to wilting and leaf drop.
Soil Requirements
The plant requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A soil mix that contains peat moss and perlite, with a pH of 6.0-7.0, is ideal for growth. The roots are sensitive to waterlogging, and therefore, it is advisable to add sand or vermiculite to increase the soil's drainage.
Additionally, the plant requires occasional fertilizer applications during the growing season to supply sufficient nutrients. A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is ideal for the plant's growth.
In conclusion, Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. prefers bright, indirect sunlight, warm temperatures, and well-draining soil to grow. With proper growth conditions, the plant can thrive and produce stunning, succulent foliage.
Cultivation methods
Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. is a desert plant native to Tanzania, Africa. It thrives in sunny locations with well-draining soil. In cultivation, the plant should be placed in a pot with well-draining soil mixed with sand or gravel to ensure good drainage.
This plant also requires adequate sunlight, so it should be placed in an area that receives ample sunlight. The ideal temperature range for the plant is 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
Watering needs
It is important to avoid over-watering the Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. plant. In their natural habitat, these plants experience long periods of drought and are accustomed to dry conditions. Therefore, it is recommended to water the plant sparingly, but thoroughly.
During active growth periods, the soil should be kept slightly moist. During the dormant period, watering should be reduced significantly, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings to prevent root rot.
Fertilization
Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. does not require frequent fertilization. During the growing season, a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer can be added once a month at half strength.
It is important to avoid adding too much fertilizer as this can damage the roots and cause the plant to wilt. Additionally, it is recommended to stop fertilizing the plant during the dormant period.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. However, it is advised to remove any dead or damaged leaves to allow for healthy growth.
The plant should also be repotted when it outgrows its current pot. This is typically required every two years or so. During the repotting process, any dead or damaged roots should be removed to promote healthy growth.
Propagation of Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc.
Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc., commonly known as Selous' cyphostemma, is a deciduous succulent shrub found in eastern Africa. Propagation of this plant is typically done through stem cuttings, seed sowing, and root division.
Propagation Methods
Stem Cuttings
One of the easiest ways to propagate Selous' cyphostemma is through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem, remove several leaves from the bottom, and let the cuttings dry for a few days to allow for callusing. Once callus forms, plant the cutting in a well-draining soil mix. Keep the soil moist and place the cutting in a shaded area until roots begin to form.
Seed Sowing
Propagation via seed sowing is another option for Selous' cyphostemma. Collect seeds from a healthy plant and plant them in a well-draining soil mix. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and keep the soil moist. Place the pot in a warm and bright but not sunlit spot. Seedlings will sprout in a few weeks.
Root Division
Root division is best done during the plant's dormant period in the winter. Carefully remove the plant from the pot and separate the roots into sections, making sure that each section has a good amount of roots. Repot each section in a well-draining soil mix and water well. Keep the newly divided plants in a shaded area for a few weeks or until new growth appears.
Disease Management
Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. is susceptible to a few diseases that can impact its overall growth and yield. One of the common diseases of this plant is root rot, which is caused by fungal infections. This disease can be managed by avoiding over-watering, improving soil drainage, and using fungicides.
Another common disease is leaf spot, caused by a fungus that results in brown or black spots on the leaves. This disease can be controlled by removing the infected plant parts, avoiding overhead watering, and using fungicides. Powdery mildew is also a disease that can be managed through proper sanitation, regular pruning of infected plant parts and using fungicides.
Pest Management
There are a few pests that can attack Cyphostemma sanctuarium-selousii Verdc. Although not very common, this plant may be attacked by spider mites, scale insects, and mealybugs. Spider mites are tiny red or brown creatures that suck sap from the plant and can be controlled by regularly spraying the plant with water and miticides while keeping the humidity high. Scale insects can also cause damage to the plant's leaves and stems, and they can be controlled by wiping the affected plant parts with a soapy water solution or using insecticides. Mealybugs are tiny white bugs that suck sap from the plant, causing yellowing, stunted growth, and sometimes death. These can be controlled by using insecticidal soap or horticultural oils.
