Origin and Common Names
Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. is a species of grass native to Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. It is commonly known as rabbit’s-foot grass or hare’s-tail grass.
Uses
This plant is mainly used for ornamental purposes as it has attractive silvery-white feathery flower spikelets that give the appearance of a rabbit's foot. It is often used in landscaping and as a border plant in gardens. Additionally, Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. has some medicinal uses; it is believed to have diuretic properties and may also be used as a tonic to improve digestion.
General Appearance
Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f is a short-lived perennial grass that typically grows to a height of 30-50 cm. It has a tufted growth habit, with narrow, lance-shaped leaves that grow to a length of 5-20 cm. The flowering stems of this plant are slender, erect, and branched, topped with cylindrical-shaped silvery-white spikelets that are 2-3 cm long. The spikelets resemble a rabbit's foot or a hare's tail, hence the common names. The flowering period of this plant is from June to September, and it prefers well-drained soils in sunny locations.
Light Requirements
Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. requires a minimum of 6 hours of sunlight to thrive. However, it is best grown in full sun or partial shade. It is essential to place the plant in a location where it can receive enough sunlight, or else it may become weak and susceptible to diseases.
Temperature Requirements
Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. requires a moderate temperature ranging from 16-27°C. The plant can tolerate both high and low temperatures but cannot withstand freezing temperatures and extreme heat. When the temperature drops below 10°C, the plant's growth slows down, and it may become more susceptible to diseases.
Soil Requirements
Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. prefers a well-draining soil that is slightly acidic to neutral. It can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, it thrives best in well-draining, fertile soils with a pH of 6.0 to 7.2. It is essential to avoid water-logged or heavy clay soils as they can cause root rot and hinder plant growth.
Cultivation Methods
Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f., commonly known as rabbit’s foot is easy to grow and care for. The plant requires well-drained soil with a pH range between 6.0 and 7.5. It prefers full sunlight but can tolerate light shade. The seeds can be sown directly into the ground in the early spring or fall seasons. The depth of sowing should be about 1/8 inch deep, and the distance between the seeds should be about 10-15 cm.
Watering Needs
Rabbit's foot grass needs consistent watering. Ensure to keep the soil moist, but not saturated. Too much water may cause root rot and poor growth, while too little water may cause the plant to die. The best time to water the plant is in the early morning or late in the day, avoiding the hottest part of the day.
Fertilization
Addition of organic matter such as manure in the soil commonly improves the fertility. Alternatively, the usage of balanced inorganic fertilizers is needed. They include the likes of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and potassium. Fertilize the plants once every three months to ensure healthy plant growth.
Pruning
Pruning is necessary to stimulate growth, thus making the plant more vigorous. In the early stages of development, prune it after every use. Cut the withered stems and leaves to avoid them from sucking nutrients. After applying fertilizers, water the plant. Remove any weak, damaged or diseased stems at any time to maintain a healthy plant. For the best results, prune the plant once a year in early spring before new growth appears.
Propagation Methods
Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. can be propagated using a variety of methods, including seed propagation and division.
Seed Propagation
The easiest and most common way to propagate Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. is through seed propagation. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining soil mix, and should not be covered with more than a quarter-inch of soil. The soil should be kept moist but not overwatered, and the seeds should be kept in a warm place where they can receive plenty of sunlight or under grow lights. Seed germination typically occurs within two to three weeks.
Division Propagation
Another way to propagate Cynosurus lagopoides Burm.f. is through division. This method is best done in early spring or late fall when the plant is not actively growing. The plant can be dug up and then carefully divided into several sections, making sure that each section has roots attached. These sections can then be replanted in well-draining soil, and should be kept moist until established.
Disease Management
Cynosurus lagopoides is generally a healthy plant that is not susceptible to many diseases. However, certain fungal diseases can affect its growth and quality. One common disease is rust, which appears as orange-brown spots on leaves.
To manage rust, the affected leaves must be removed and destroyed. Fungicides can also be applied to prevent the spread of the disease.
Another fungal disease that can affect Cynosurus lagopoides is powdery mildew, which appears as a white powder on the leaves and stems. It can weaken the plant and affect its yield.
Avoiding excessive moisture and adequate airflow around the plant can help prevent powdery mildew. Fungicides can also be applied early in the season to prevent an outbreak.
Pest Management
While pests are not a significant problem to Cynosurus lagopoides, certain insects can damage the plant's growth and quality.
Aphids and mealybugs can suck sap from the plant, causing stunted growth and yellowing of leaves. They can be controlled by spraying the plant with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
Wireworms and cutworms can also damage the plant by chewing on the roots and stems. To prevent their infestation, crop rotation is recommended. Also, watering the plants in the morning to allow the soil to dry during the day can also help deter cutworms.
Lastly, Cynosurus lagopoides is palatable to grazing animals, especially sheep and rabbits, which can cause significant damage if left uncontrolled. Fencing and other physical barriers can help prevent their access to the crop.