Overview:
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. is a species of perennial grass in the family Poaceae. It is commonly known as the West African lemon grass or African wild lemon grass, and is native to West Africa.
Appearance:
The plant grows up to 2 meters tall and has a clumping growth habit. The leaves are long and narrow, ranging from 60 to 120 cm in length and 1 to 3 cm in width. The leaf sheaths are also long and narrow, and have a greyish or purplish hue. The inflorescences are borne on tall stems and have a striking reddish purple hue.
Uses:
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. is widely used in West African traditional medicine. It is often brewed into a tea to treat various ailments, including malaria, fever, and digestive disorders. The plant also has insecticidal and antifungal properties, and is sometimes used as a natural insecticide. Additionally, the essential oil obtained from the plant has a lemon-like fragrance and is used in the production of perfumes, soaps, and other cosmetics.
Light Requirements
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. requires a lot of sunlight to grow and thrive. The plant should be placed in a location exposed to full or partial sunlight for a minimum of six hours a day. Insufficient light can cause the plant to become weak, straggly and less productive.
Temperature Requirements
The plant requires warm temperatures to grow and develop. It can withstand temperatures ranging from 20 - 35°C, and its growth is optimal at temperatures between 25- 30°C. Exposure to temperatures below 20°C can slow down the plant's growth and make it susceptible to diseases.
Soil Requirements
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. grows best in well-draining soils that are fertile, rich in nutrients, and have a slightly acidic to slightly alkaline pH of 6.0 - 7.5. The soil structure should be able to retain some moisture without being too waterlogged, as waterlogged soils can cause root rot, which is detrimental to the plant's growth. Adding some organic matter to the soil can help with the soil structure, fertility and water-holding capacity.
Cultivation of Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild.
Cultivation of Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. requires a warm and humid climate. The plant grows best in well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter. It can be grown in both sunny and partially shaded areas but requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. The plant can be propagated through seeds or cuttings.
Watering Needs
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. requires regular watering, especially during the dry season. However, the plant should not be overwatered as it can cause root rot. The frequency of watering depends on the soil type and climate. In general, the plant should be watered when the topsoil feels dry to touch.
Fertilization
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. requires regular fertilization to maintain its growth and health. The plant needs a balanced fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The fertilizer should be applied during the growing season, preferably every month.
Pruning
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. requires periodic pruning to promote its growth and branching. The plant should be pruned at least once per year, preferably during the early spring. The pruning should be done just above the nodes to encourage new growth. The plant can also be trimmed to maintain its shape and size.
Propagation of Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild.
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. can be propagated through both sexual and asexual methods.
Sexual propagation
The plant produces seeds that can be used for propagation. The seeds should be collected when they are fully matured. The collected seeds should be cleaned and dried before sowing. The seeds can be sown in a well-drained soil mix and should be covered lightly with soil. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged. Germination occurs within two to three weeks of sowing.
Asexual propagation
The plant can also be propagated asexually through division and stem cuttings.
Division: The plant can be divided during the growing season. The clump should be carefully dug up and divided into smaller sections. Each section should have a healthy shoot and root system. The divided sections can be planted in a well-draining soil mix and watered thoroughly.
Stem cuttings: Stem cuttings of approximately 10cm long can be taken from the plant during the growing season. The leaves from the lower two-thirds of the cutting should be removed. The cutting can be treated with a rooting hormone and planted in a well-draining soil mix. The cutting should be kept in a warm and humid environment until roots develop.
Disease and Pest Management for Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild.
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. is a hardy plant with natural insect-repelling properties. However, like all plants, it can still be affected by diseases and pests. Proper disease and pest management can help maintain the plant's health and productivity.
Common Diseases
Fungal infections are the most common disease affecting Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. Symptoms include yellowing or browning of leaves, discolored spots on the leaves, and stunted growth. Preventative measures such as crop rotation, proper ventilation, and watering at the base of the plant can help. Additionally, a fungicide may be applied to lessen the spread of infection.
Common Pests
Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. is resistant to most pests, but they can still be a nuisance. The most common pests affecting the plant include grasshoppers, aphids, and spider mites. Monitor the plant regularly and remove any affected leaves to prevent the pests from spreading. Neem oil or insecticidal soap can also be used to control the pests.
Conclusion
Caring for Cymbopogon acutispathaceus De Wild. involves proper disease and pest management. Preventative measures such as crop rotation, proper ventilation, and watering at the base of the plant can prevent fungal infections. Monitoring the plant regularly can also prevent pests from spreading. By following these steps, you can maintain a healthy and productive plant.
