Overview of Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes, also known as the onion fern, is a terrestrial fern that belongs to the family Thelypteridaceae. This plant is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, including China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.
General Appearance of Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes typically grows to a height of about one meter with leaves that are bipinnate and triangular in shape. The leaves are light green in color and have a glossy appearance. The linear-lanceolate leaflets are about one to two centimeters long and are arranged in an alternate pattern on the stem.
The rhizomes of this plant are thick and creeping, and they grow near the surface of the soil. The rhizomes are covered with brown scales and produce clusters of fronds that emerge from the tips.
Common Names of Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes is commonly known as the onion fern due to the bulbous shape of its rhizomes, which resemble onions.
In China, it is called Xiang Xie, while in Japan, it is known as Yanagiware.
Uses of Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes is used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. In China and Japan, a decoction of the whole plant is used to treat fever and various inflammatory conditions. In Indonesia, the leaves are used to treat diarrhea and dysentery.
The young fronds of Cyclosorus gongylodes are also edible and are used in some Asian cuisines. They have a mild flavor and are often cooked with vegetables or in soups.
Additionally, this plant is sometimes used as an ornamental plant in gardens due to its attractive foliage and ease of cultivation.
Light Requirements
Cyclosorus gongylodes requires moderate to bright indirect light when grown indoors. If placed in direct sunlight, the leaves may burn. Outdoors, it grows best in partial shade to full sun.
Temperature Requirements
This plant thrives in warm temperatures ranging from 60 to 80°F. Temperatures below 50°F should be avoided, as they can cause damage to the plant.
Soil Requirements
Cyclosorus gongylodes prefers well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The pH range should be between 5.5 and 6.5. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged, as overly wet conditions can lead to root rot.
Cultivation Methods for Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link, also known as the button fern, is native to Asia and is commonly grown as a houseplant. It can also be grown outdoors in tropical and subtropical regions. To cultivate Cyclosorus gongylodes successfully, you should follow some guidelines.
It prefers bright, indirect light, but it can also handle lower light conditions. The plant grows best in well-draining soil mixtures such as a mix of peat moss, perlite, and sand, ideally with a pH range of 5.6 to 6.5. Make sure to plant Cyclosorus gongylodes in a pot that has adequate drainage holes to prevent the roots from becoming waterlogged.
Watering Needs for Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes has relatively low watering needs and can even withstand drought conditions. It's best to wait until the top inch of soil is dry before watering, and make sure to avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot. The frequency of watering can vary depending on the environment and the time of the year.
Fertilization for Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes benefits from regular fertilization, especially during its growing period from spring to summer. You can use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer once a month during the growing season, mixed to half-strength. Avoid fertilizing during the dormant season, as the plant doesn't require as many nutrients during this time.
Pruning for Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes doesn't require regular pruning, but you can remove any dead or yellowing fronds to keep the plant healthy and looking neat. Use sharp, clean tools to avoid damaging the plant, creating an open wound that could invite pests or diseases. You can prune the plant during the growing season to encourage new growth and a fuller appearance.
Propagation of Cyclosorus Gongylodes
Cyclosorus gongylodes, commonly known as button fern or snake fern, is a perennial fern that can be propagated by spores or division.
Propagation by Spores
The spores of Cyclosorus gongylodes can be collected from mature fronds and used for propagation. To collect the spores, mature fronds are cut and placed in a paper bag to dry. Once dry, the spores can be easily shaken out of the fronds and stored in a dry, airtight container until ready to use.
To propagate using spores, first, fill a shallow tray with a mixture of peat moss and sand. Sprinkle the spores on the surface of the soil and mist with water. Cover the tray with plastic wrap to create a humid environment and place it in an area with bright, indirect sunlight. After a few weeks, small green prothalli will appear. When the prothalli have grown to be about a half-inch in diameter, they can be transplanted to individual pots filled with well-draining soil.
Propagation by Division
Another method of propagating Cyclosorus gongylodes is through division. This method is best done in the spring when new growth appears.
To propagate through division, first, the plant should be carefully removed from its pot. The root ball can be gently separated into smaller sections, making sure that each section has its own stem and enough roots to support it. Each new section can then be planted in its own pot filled with well-draining soil. It is important to keep the soil slightly moist and to place the newly potted plants in an area with bright, indirect sunlight until they become established.
Disease and Pest Management for Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link
Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link, commonly known as leatherleaf fern, is a delicate fern that is prone to several diseases and pests. Proper disease and pest management practices can help ensure that the fern stays healthy and thrives.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that affect Cyclosorus gongylodes is leaf spot. Leaf spot can be identified by brownish-black spots on the leaves. In severe cases, the spots can fuse, leading to defoliation and stunted growth. Leaf spot can be managed by removing and destroying infected leaves and using fungicides to prevent further infection.
Another disease that affects leatherleaf fern is black root rot. This disease is caused by a fungus that attacks the roots, causing them to turn black. Affected plants may show signs of wilting and stunted growth. The disease can be managed by removing infected plants and treating the remaining ones with a fungicide.
Common Pests
Spider mites are common pests that can infest Cyclosorus gongylodes. These pests are tiny and can be difficult to detect until they have caused significant damage. Infested plants may develop yellow or brown spots on their leaves, and the leaves may start to fall off. Keeping the plant clean and well-hydrated can help prevent spider mite infestations. If the pests are already present, they can be managed by using insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Scale insects are another common pest that affects leatherleaf fern. These pests are small, oval-shaped insects that attach themselves to the leaves and stems of the plant. Infested plants may develop yellow spots and may start to wilt. Scale insects can be managed by removing the affected parts of the plant and treating the remaining parts with insecticidal soap.
Conclusion
Proper disease and pest management practices are crucial for the health and longevity of Cyclosorus gongylodes. By identifying and managing common diseases and pests, you can ensure that your leatherleaf fern stays healthy and beautiful.
