Origin
Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth. is part of the Rubiaceae family. It is native to tropical West Africa, specifically in countries such as Ghana, Guinea, and Sierra Leone.
Common Names
Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth. goes by several common names, including Tree Gardenia, Yellow Gardenia, and Naija Gardenia. In Nigeria, it is known as Gbogboise, Afienya, and Olo-njoku.
Uses
The plant has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes. In West Africa, it has been used to treat fever, malaria, coughs, and other respiratory problems. The roots and bark are used to relieve toothaches and stomach pain, while the leaves are used on wounds to aid in the healing process.
In addition to its medicinal properties, the plant is also used in traditional African cuisine. The fruit, which resembles a small banana, can be boiled and eaten as a vegetable, while the seeds are roasted and used as a coffee substitute.
General Appearance
The Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth. is a shrub or small tree that can grow up to 12m in height. It has a smooth grey bark and a dense crown of glossy leaves, which are dark green on top and lighter green underneath. The flowers are yellow and tube-shaped, and they are followed by small, orange-red fruits.
hereLight Requirements
Craterispermum laurinum requires bright, filtered light to grow properly. It cannot tolerate direct sunlight and should be kept in a partially-shaded area. High-intensity light can scorch the leaves and cause damage to the plant.
Temperature Requirements
This plant thrives in warm temperatures between 20°C and 30°C (68°F and 86°F). It cannot survive in temperatures below 10°C (50°F) and must be protected from frost. Humidity levels of around 60% are also ideal for its growth.
Soil Requirements
Craterispermum laurinum requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. It prefers slightly acidic to neutral soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5. The soil should be kept evenly moist, but not waterlogged as this can lead to root rot. Adding organic mulch can help retain moisture in the soil and provide nutrients for healthy growth.
Cultivation Methods:
Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth. is a tropical plant species that grows best in a warm and humid climate. It needs a well-draining soil and a slightly acidic to neutral pH level. The plant can be cultivated through seeds or stem cuttings. However, stem cuttings are the most preferred method as it results in a quicker growth and establishes the plant faster.
Watering Needs:
The plant requires regular watering to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. During the growing season, ensure that the soil is moist by watering regularly. During the winter season, the frequency of watering should reduce, keeping the soil a little on the drier side. The plant is susceptible to root rot, so ensure proper drainage to prevent water from stagnating around the roots.
Fertilization:
Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth. requires regular fertilization to keep the plant healthy and promote new growth. Organic fertilizers are the best for the plant as it releases nutrients slowly into the soil, preventing the roots from being burnt. Apply a balanced fertilizer every two to three weeks during the growing season.
Pruning:
Pruning the plant promotes proper growth and maintains a shape. The best time to prune the plant is during the dormant season, after the flowering period. Remove any dead or damaged leaves or branches. Cut the plant to the desired height or shape using clean and sharp pruning tools. Avoid cutting too deep into the stem, as this may damage the plant and delay new growth.
Propagation of Craterispermum laurinum
Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth., commonly known as "Laurel-leaved craterispermum" is a medicinal plant that is native to tropical and subtropical Africa. This plant can be propagated by various methods, such as:
Seed Propagation
The most common method of propagation for Craterispermum laurinum is through the use of seeds. The seeds can be collected from the mature fruits of the plant. The collected seeds must be sown in a well-draining soil mixture and covered lightly with soil. The container should then be kept in a warm, humid spot, with indirect light and watered regularly. Germination of seeds usually takes place within 2 to 3 weeks, after which the seedlings can be transferred to individual pots.
Cuttings Propagation
Craterispermum laurinum can also be propagated through stem cuttings. The cuttings should be taken from the healthy, matured stems of the plant. The cuttings should be around 10cm long and should have 2 to 3 nodes. The cuttings should be planted in a well-draining soil mixture and watered lightly. The container should then be kept in a warm, humid spot, with indirect light. Root development of stem cuttings usually takes place within 2 to 3 weeks, after which the cuttings can be transplanted to individual pots.
Division Propagation
This method of propagation is best suited for mature plants that have formed a clump of stems. The clump can be carefully divided into several sections, with each section having some of the roots and stems. These sections can then be transplanted into individual pots filled with well-draining soil. The transplanted sections need adequate watering and protection from direct sunlight and wind until they become established.
Propagation of Craterispermum laurinum is an essential process in the cultivation of this medicinal plant. With the right care and attention, this plant can be easily propagated and grown into healthy specimens.
Disease and Pest Management for Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth.
Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth. is a medicinal plant that belongs to the family Rubiaceae. Like any other plant, it is susceptible to various diseases and pest infestations. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that affect Craterispermum laurinum and ways to manage them.
Diseases that Affect Craterispermum laurinum
Fungal diseases: The most common fungal diseases that affect Craterispermum laurinum are leaf spot and powdery mildew. These diseases can cause serious damage to the plant if left unchecked. To manage these fungal diseases, it is recommended to remove and destroy infected plant parts, improve air circulation around the plant, and apply fungicide sprays as directed by a professional.
Bacterial diseases: Bacterial blight and leaf gall are the two most common bacterial diseases that affect Craterispermum laurinum. These diseases can cause wilting, leaf drop, and stunted growth. To manage bacterial diseases, remove and destroy infected plant parts, apply copper-based fungicides, and avoid overhead irrigation.
Pests that Affect Craterispermum laurinum
Aphids: Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the sap of Craterispermum laurinum. These pests can cause leaf curling, yellowing, and stunted growth. To manage aphids, use a strong stream of water to wash the aphids off the plant, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil, or introduce beneficial insects like ladybugs.
Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the undersides of leaves, causing yellowing and webbing. To manage spider mites, use a strong stream of water to wash the mites off the plant, apply neem oil or insecticidal soap, or introduce beneficial insects like predatory mites.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars are the larval stage of moths and butterflies. They feed on Craterispermum laurinum leaves, causing holes and defoliation. To manage caterpillars, handpick them from the plant, apply Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), or introduce beneficial insects like parasitic wasps.
Regular monitoring and maintenance of Craterispermum laurinum can help prevent diseases and pest infestations. If the problem persists or the damage is severe, it is advisable to seek advice from a professional plant doctor.
