Origin and Common Names
Crataegus tersa Beadle is a deciduous shrub or small tree that is native to North America. It is commonly known as the smooth hawthorn or gentled hawthorn.
General Appearance
The smooth hawthorn grows up to 30 feet tall and 25 feet wide. It has a rounded crown, with thorny branches that are smoother than other hawthorn species. The leaves are dark green, glossy, and have a toothed edge. The flowers are white, and the fruit is small, red, and berry-like, with a diameter of about 1/2 inch. The fruit remains on the plant throughout the winter.
Uses
The smooth hawthorn is commonly used as an ornamental plant due to its attractive foliage and berries. It is also used in naturalized plantings, woodland gardens, and as a windbreak. In addition, it has been traditionally used in herbal medicine to treat heart problems and as a digestive aid. The berries are edible and have been used in jams and jellies, but caution is advised as some species of hawthorn have toxic berries.
Growth Conditions for Crataegus tersa Beadle
Crataegus tersa Beadle, commonly known as the "Hawthorn" tree, is native to North America and is typically found in areas with dry and rocky soil.
Light Requirements
These trees require a good amount of sunlight to grow and thrive. They should be planted in areas that receive full to partial sunlight, which means they need at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight a day.
Temperature Requirements
Crataegus tersa Beadle can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, from hot summers to cold winters. However, they grow best in areas with mild temperatures, between 60°F to 75°F. Areas with extreme temperature fluctuations may affect the growth of the tree.
Soil Requirements
The Hawthorn tree grows well in various soil types, including alkaline soil, loamy soil, and well-drained sandy soil. However, the soil should be able to retain moisture to support healthy growth. Avoid planting in wet or waterlogged soils, as this can lead to root rot and damage the tree. Also, ensure that the pH level of soil ranges between 6 to 7.
Overall, these specific growth conditions are crucial for the healthy and flourishing growth of Crataegus tersa Beadle, making this tree an ideal choice for homeowners and landscapers alike.
Cultivation Methods for Crataegus Tersa Beadle
Crataegus tersa Beadle, commonly known as the Scarlet hawthorn or Red hawthorn, is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 20 feet tall. It is best grown in USDA zones 4-8 and prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter.
When planting, dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball and just as deep. Make sure to position the tree in a spot that receives full sun exposure
Watering Needs for Crataegus Tersa Beadle
In the first year after planting, it is important to water the tree regularly to help establish its root system. Afterward, the tree will require regular watering, especially during dry periods. Ensure that the soil does not dry out completely, but at the same time, ensure that it is not waterlogged.
Fertilization for Crataegus Tersa Beadle
You can fertilize your Crataegus tersa Beadle with nitrogen-fertilizer in the early spring to encourage proper growth and development. However, it is important to use fertilizer sparingly, so as not to damage the tree. One or two applications per year is sufficient.
Pruning for Crataegus Tersa Beadle
Prune your Crataegus tersa Beadle in late winter or early spring to avoid inhibiting flowering. Remove dead or diseased branches and maintain a good branch structure by removing any crossing branches. Thin out the canopy to improve sunlight penetration and allow for proper air circulation within the tree.
Propagation Methods of Crataegus tersa Beadle
Crataegus tersa Beadle is a deciduous tree primarily found in the Midwest and Eastern regions of the United States. It produces white flowers in spring, a profusion of red berries in late summer, and glossy leaves in the fall. Here are the two main methods of propagating Crataegus tersa Beadle:
Seed Propagation
Collect fresh seeds from the tree in the fall, as soon as the fruit becomes ripe and starts to fall from the tree. Remove the pulp from the fruit and wash the seeds with water. Allow them to dry for a day before storing them in a cool and dry place. Treat the seeds with a fungicide before planting them outside in the fall or early spring. Sow the seeds 1/4 inch deep in moist and well-draining soil. Keep the soil consistently moist and provide partial shade until the seeds germinate, which may take three months to a year.
Vegetative Propagation
Take 10- to 12-inch long cuttings from the tree in the late fall or early winter. Use a sharp and clean tool to make a diagonal cut just below a node. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in a container with well-draining soil. Cover the container with a plastic bag to maintain humidity and place it in a bright and warm place, but out of direct sunlight. Water the cuttings when the soil feels dry to the touch. After the roots have developed, which may take two to three months, transplant the cuttings outdoors in the spring.
Disease and Pest Management for Crataegus Tersa Beadle Plant
While the Crataegus tersa Beadle plant is generally a hardy and low-maintenance plant, it is still susceptible to certain diseases and pests that can cause a decline in its health. It is important to identify these issues and manage them properly to ensure the plant can continue to thrive.
Common Diseases
The most common diseases that affect Crataegus tersa Beadle include:
- Fungal leaf spots: These are small, dark spots that appear on the leaves, caused by fungal infections. They can be managed by removing infected leaves, increasing air circulation, and avoiding overhead watering.
- Cedar apple rust: This is a fungal disease that affects the fruit and leaves of the plant, causing yellow spots and rust-colored growths. It can be managed through proper pruning and removing infected leaves and fruit.
- Crown rot: This is a fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant, causing wilting and decline. It can be managed by improving drainage and avoiding over-watering.
Common Pests
The most common pests that affect Crataegus tersa Beadle include:
- Aphids: These small insects can cause damage by sucking the sap from the leaves and stems. They can be managed by spraying the plant with a strong stream of water or using insecticidal soap.
- Mites: These tiny insects can cause damage by piercing the plant cells and sucking out the sap. They can be managed by using a miticide spray or predator mites.
- Japanese beetles: These insects can cause significant damage by eating the leaves and flowers of the plant. They can be managed by using handpick or spray insecticides.
Overall, it is important to keep a close eye on your Crataegus tersa Beadle plant and identify any potential issues early on. By properly managing diseases and pests, you can help ensure that your plant stays healthy and beautiful for years to come.
