Origin and Common Names
Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica, also known as Beadle's hawthorn or basilica hawthorn, is a small deciduous tree or shrub that belongs to the Rosaceae family. It is native to eastern North America, specifically found in the southeastern United States, including Virginia, Kentucky, Louisiana, and Alabama.
General Appearance
This plant's height ranges from 2 to 5 meters, and it spreads between 2 to 4 meters. Beadle's hawthorn has a dense crown that grows in an oval or rounded shape. Its branches are small, with thorny twigs that are about 2.5 centimeters long. The leaves of the basilica hawthorn are simple, lobed, and about 2.5 to 10.2 centimeters long and 1.8 to 6.5 centimeters wide. The hawthorn's flowers are about 1.5 centimeters in diameter and appear in white clusters from April to May. The tree bears small red fruit that turns dark red from September to October.
Uses
Beadle's hawthorn has multiple uses in traditional medicine. The plant's berries and flowers are used to create teas, supplements, or extracts that aim to treat various conditions such as heart disease, digestive problems, and anxiety. In addition to its medicinal uses, Basilica hawthorn is a popular ornamental plant in landscaping, making excellent hedges and windbreaks. Its berries also attract birds and other wildlife.
Growth Conditions for Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps
Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps is a small, deciduous tree that belongs to the Rosaceae family. This plant is known for its attractive foliage and flowers, making it a great choice as an ornamental tree. To ensure optimal growth conditions for this plant, the following factors should be considered:
Light
The Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps requires full sun to thrive. It requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight every day to produce healthy, green leaves and to encourage blooming. In areas with extremely hot temperatures, partial shade can be provided to avoid the plant from getting burnt.
Temperature
This plant can grow well in different temperature conditions, including subtropical, temperate, and semi-arid regions. The ideal temperature range for this plant is between 16 to 27 degrees Celsius. The plant cannot tolerate harsh winter conditions and needs a warm climate to thrive.
Soil Requirements
Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps grows well in well-draining soil with a pH range between 5.5 to 7.5. The soil should be rich in organic matter and have good fertility levels. The plant can also grow well in sandy soil or loam soils. Constantly wet soil is not suitable for the growth and development of this plant.
By ensuring these growth conditions are met, you can help your Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps to thrive and reap its beautiful rewards.
Cultivation Methods
The Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps, commonly known as Basilica hawthorn, is a deciduous shrub that requires well-draining soil to grow well. It prefers a sunny location, but it can also tolerate partial shade. Growers should prepare the planting area by breaking up any large dirt clumps and removing any rocks or debris before planting. Early spring is the best time to plant the shrub, and the spacing between the plants should be about 5 to 7 feet (1.5 to 2.1 meters) apart.
Watering Needs
The Basilica hawthorn is moderately drought-tolerant and typically does not require supplemental watering once it has become established. However, if the area experiences a drought or prolonged period without rain, growers should water the shrub once a week. It is important to refrain from overwatering the plant, as this can lead to root rot and other diseases.
Fertilization
The Basilica hawthorn benefits from annual fertilization, typically in early spring. Growers should use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to promote healthy growth and vibrant foliage. They should also avoid applying fertilizer too close to the base of the plant, as this can cause root damage or burn the stem.
Pruning
The best time to prune the Basilica hawthorn is during the late winter or early spring, just before the plant begins new growth. Dead or diseased branches should be removed immediately, as they can attract insects and damage the overall health of the plant. Growers should also thin out any crowded or crossing branches to promote better air circulation and sunlight penetration. Regular pruning can help maintain the shape and size of the shrub, but growers should avoid pruning more than one-third of the plant's total growth in any given year.
Propagation of Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps
Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps is commonly known as basilica hawthorn and is a deciduous tree with thorns. It is native to the eastern United States and is a popular horticultural plant. The plant's propagation is possible through several methods:
Seed propagation
Seeds are the most commonly used method for propagating Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps. The seeds can be collected from the plant in the fall and stored in a cool and dry place until the spring. The seeds should then be planted in a well-draining soil mixture and kept in a cool and moist environment until germination.
Cuttings propagation
Cuttings are another method of propagating Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps. Hardwood cuttings should be taken in the fall or winter and propagated in a soil-less mix with high humidity. The cutting should have a few leaves attached to it, which should be removed after rooting.
Grafting propagation
Grafting is a third method of propagating Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica (Beadle) Phipps. The selected scion should be taken from the desired plant and grafted onto a suitable rootstock. Grafting should be done during the dormant season and should be kept in a cool and moist environment until the buds emerge.
Disease Management
Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica, commonly known as Beadle's hawthorn, is susceptible to various diseases such as fire blight, leaf spots, powdery mildew, and rust.
Fire Blight
Fire blight is a bacterial infection that causes shoot tips and flowers to turn black and wilt. To manage fire blight, prune infected parts by cutting at least 6 inches below the affected area. Disinfect pruning tools to prevent further spreading of the bacteria. Avoid pruning when the weather is wet, and remove and destroy any infected plant debris around the plant.
Leaf Spots
Leaf spots are caused by fungal pathogens that result in brown or black spots on the leaves. To manage leaf spots, remove infected leaves and destroy them. Avoid overhead watering and keep the foliage dry to prevent the spread of disease. Apply a fungicide if necessary, following the instructions on the package.
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that typically appears as a white powdery coating on the leaves. To manage powdery mildew, avoid overhead watering and provide good air circulation around the plant. Remove and destroy any infected parts of the plant. Use a fungicide as a last resort.
Rust
Rust is a fungal disease that appears as orange or yellow spots on the leaves. To manage rust, remove and destroy any infected leaves. Make sure to disinfect pruning tools after use. Apply a fungicide if necessary.
Pest Management
Beetles, aphids, and spider mites are common pests that may affect Crataegus schuettei Ashe var. basilica.
Beetles
Beetles are known to feed on the leaves of hawthorns. To manage beetle infestations, spray the plant with neem oil or insecticidal soap. Follow the instructions on the package for proper application and dosage.
Aphids
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that suck the sap from the leaves. To manage aphids, spray the plant with a strong jet of water or with neem oil or insecticidal soap. Encourage natural predators such as ladybugs and lacewings.
Spider Mites
Spider mites remove nutrients from the plant and cause stippling of the leaves. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with water to remove them from the leaves, or use a miticide if necessary.
