Overview of Crataegus gravida Beadle
Crataegus gravida Beadle is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is commonly known as the Pregnant Hawthorn or Gravid Hawthorn, due to the unique shape of its fruit resembling a swollen belly.
Origin
Crataegus gravida is native to the southeastern United States, particularly in Florida and Georgia. It grows well in sandy soils found in prairies, meadows, and oak savannas.
General Appearance
Crataegus gravida Beadle is a deciduous shrub or small tree that grows up to 7 meters in height. Its leaves are simple, serrated, and have a glossy dark green color. The flowers, which bloom from April to May, are white and have a slightly unpleasant odor. The fruit is a red, round, and fleshy pome measuring up to 1.5 centimeters in diameter. It is unique in shape, resembling a pregnant woman's belly, hence the common name "Pregnant Hawthorn."
Uses
The fruit of Crataegus gravida Beadle is used in traditional medicine as a treatment for digestive problems, inflammatory disorders, and high blood pressure. The leaves and flowers are also used as a herbal remedy for anxiety, insomnia, and heart disease. The plant has also been used in the past as a food source for wildlife, such as birds and deer.
Growth Conditions of Crataegus Gravida Beadle
Crataegus gravida Beadle, commonly known as the Gravid hawthorn, is a small deciduous tree that belongs to the Rosaceae family. It can grow up to 4 meters in height and 2 meters in width. The Gravid hawthorn is native to Eastern North America and is commonly found in wooded areas with well-draining soils.
Light Requirements
The Gravid hawthorn thrives in full sun to partial shade. It is often found growing in the dappled shade of larger trees. If planting in a garden, it is recommended to provide at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. In areas with hot summers, it may benefit from some afternoon shade.
Temperature Requirements
The Gravid hawthorn can tolerate a wide range of temperatures. It can survive in USDA hardiness zones 4a to 8b, which means it can withstand temperatures as low as -34.4 °C (-30°F) to 20.6 °C (70°F). However, it prefers cooler temperatures and does not do well in hot and dry conditions.
Soil Requirements
The Gravid hawthorn prefers well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. It can grow in a variety of soils, including clay, loam, and sandy soils. However, it is sensitive to waterlogging and will not do well in poorly draining soils. It has a shallow root system, and mulching around its base can help maintain soil moisture and keep weeds at bay.
Additionally, the Gravid hawthorn requires a soil pH of 6.0 to 7.5 for optimal growth. If the soil pH is too low, it may benefit from the addition of limestone to raise the pH.
In conclusion, the Gravid hawthorn requires full sun to partial shade, tolerates a wide range of temperatures, and prefers well-draining soils rich in organic matter with a pH of 6.0 to 7.5. Providing these growth conditions will help ensure that this small deciduous tree thrives and beautifies its surroundings.
Cultivation Methods
Crataegus gravida Beadle, commonly known as Beadle's Hawthorn, is a small tree/shrub commonly found in the eastern United States. It can grow up to 25 feet tall and 20 feet wide. To cultivate this plant, you need to choose a well-drained, loamy soil with a neutral pH. The plant thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade in hot climates. You can propagate the plant using seeds or cuttings.
Watering Needs
Beadle's Hawthorn requires moderate watering. Water the plant regularly during the growing season while ensuring that the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Reduce the watering frequency in the winter, but do not let the soil dry out completely. You can check whether the plant needs watering by inserting your finger into the soil to a depth of two inches. If the soil is dry, it is time to water the plant.
Fertilization
Beadle's Hawthorn requires fertilization in spring, before new growth appears, and after pruning. For best results, use a general-purpose fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10. Alternatively, you can use rotted manure or compost. Spread the fertilizer around the base of the plant, taking care not to let it touch the stem. Water the plant thoroughly after fertilization.
Pruning
Pruning is essential for maintaining Beadle's Hawthorn's shape and vigor. You can prune the shrub during winter, while it is dormant, or in early spring before new growth appears. Use sharp, clean shears to remove diseased, damaged, or crossing branches. You can also prune to remove dead wood or shape the plant to your liking. Take care not to remove more than 1/3 of the plant's foliage, as this can stress the plant.
Propagation Methods for Crataegus gravida Beadle
Crataegus gravida Beadle, commonly known as the Tennessee hawthorn, is a deciduous shrub or small tree that belongs to the Rosaceae family. It is native to the southeastern United States and grows well in USDA hardiness zones 5-8.
Seed Propagation
One of the primary methods for propagating Crataegus gravida Beadle is through seed propagation. Seeds should be collected in the fall and stratified for three to four months before they are ready to be sown. Plant the seeds in well-draining soil in a sunny or partially shady location, making sure to keep the soil consistently moist until the seedlings are established.
Cuttings
Cuttings can also be taken in the summer and propagated using a rooting hormone. Softwood cuttings are recommended and should be taken from new growth that is less than a year old. The cuttings should be around 6 inches long, treated with rooting hormone, and then planted in moist, well-draining soil. The cuttings should be kept in a humid environment until they start to grow.
Layering
Another propagation method for Crataegus gravida Beadle is layering. This method involves taking a low-growing branch and bending it to the ground, securing it with a stake, and then burying a portion of the branch in the soil. Roots will form where the branch comes into contact with the soil. After roots have formed, the new plant can be severed from the parent plant and transplanted to a new location.
These are the most common propagation methods used for Crataegus gravida Beadle. Whether propagated through seeds, cuttings, or layering, with proper care and attention, this plant can thrive and bring beauty to any landscape.
Disease Management
Crataegus gravida Beadle is susceptible to several diseases, including:
- Fire Blight: This bacterial disease causes wilting and blackening of leaves and shoots. The affected parts should be pruned and destroyed, and the tree should be sprayed with copper fungicide during the dormant season.
- Leaf Spot: This fungal disease causes circular brown spots on the leaves. The affected leaves should be removed, and the tree should be sprayed with fungicide.
- Cedar-Apple Rust: This fungal disease causes orange spots on the leaves and stems. Junipers are the alternate host, so removing them from the area can help control the disease. Fungicide can also be applied.
- Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease causes a white powdery coating on the leaves. The affected leaves should be removed, and the tree should be sprayed with fungicide.
Pest Management
Crataegus gravida Beadle can also be affected by several pests:
- Aphids: These small insects suck sap from the leaves and stems and can cause distortion and stunting of growth. They can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Mites: These tiny pests can cause yellowing of leaves and webbing on the tree. They can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Caterpillars: These larvae can chew on the leaves and cause defoliation. Handpicking can be effective, or Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) can be applied.
- Scale: These insects can cause yellowing and dropping of leaves. They can be controlled with horticultural oil or insecticidal soap.
Regular monitoring and prompt action can help prevent and manage these various diseases and pests affecting Crataegus gravida Beadle.
