Overview
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides, also known as the tubby Crassula or pharnacea crassula, is a succulent plant species that is part of the Crassulaceae family. It is a popular plant for indoor decoration and can be found across various regions of Southern Africa.
Appearance
The tubby Crassula has a unique appearance that is best described as distinctly tubby, hence its common name. It has small, round, and succulent leaves that resemble beads, and it often grows as a shrub, reaching up to 30 cm in height. Its leaves are green, smooth, and thick, with small white hairs that appear on its edges. The plant's stalks are also covered in these small white hairs.
Origin and Habitat
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides is endemic to Southern Africa and can be found in various regions throughout the continent, including Lesotho, Zimbabwe, South Africa, and Mozambique. The plant thrives in rocky and dry areas, particularly in the Karoo and Namaqualand regions of South Africa.
Uses
Aside from being used as a decorative indoor plant, the tubby Crassula has several medicinal uses, including being used to treat asthma and other respiratory issues. The plant is also used to treat skin irritations, insect bites, and burns. In addition, in some African cultures, the plant is believed to have spiritual and magical properties that can help protect people from evil spirits or misfortune.
Light Requirements
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides prefers full sunlight exposure, but can also tolerate partial shade. It is important to protect the plant from intense midday sunlight during the hot summer months.
Temperature Requirements
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides is native to arid regions and can tolerate high temperatures. The plant grows well in warm to hot temperatures ranging from 68°F to 86°F (20°C to 30°C). However, it cannot tolerate frost and should be protected from temperatures below 41°F (5°C).
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers well-draining soils such as sandy loam or rocky gravel. The soil should also be mildly acidic to neutral, with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. A mixture of sand, perlite, and gravel can also be used for better drainage. It is important to avoid overwatering and water the plant only when the soil is completely dry.
Cultivation of Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides is a succulent plant, and it requires well-draining soil. It is tolerant of a wide range of soils, but it should be watered very less often. It is native to dry and rocky areas, so it can tolerate dry soil and drought conditions.
The plant is hardy and requires minimal attention, but it needs enough sunlight to thrive. Placing the plant in a sunny spot or near a south-facing window is recommended. And if the plant receives enough light, its leaves will turn red, adding to its aesthetic appeal.
Watering Needs of Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides is a drought-tolerant plant, and it needs very little water. Overwatering can cause root rot and damage the plant. Water the plant only when the top inch of soil has dried out. It is recommended to use a watering can with a fine nozzle to avoid overwatering, as the plant can easily rot if the water is not properly drained.
Fertilization of Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides doesn't require frequent fertilization, but it can benefit from occasional feeding. Fertilizer can be applied during the growing season, which is usually from spring to autumn. Using a balanced liquid fertilizer with a high phosphorus content is recommended, as it will encourage blooming and root development. Avoid using too much fertilizer, as it can damage the plant.
Pruning of Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides doesn't require pruning, as it is a slow-grower. However, if necessary, you can prune the plant in the spring to remove dead or damaged leaves. It is recommended to use clean, sharp scissors or shears to avoid damaging the plant, and always remove the entire leaf, rather than just the damaged portion. Pruning can help the plant to look more attractive and promote new growth.
Propagation Methods for Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides is a succulent plant native to Southern Africa that can be propagated using various methods, including:
Leaf cuttings
Leaf cuttings are a popular propagation method for Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides, and it involves removing a healthy leaf from the parent plant by twisting it off gently at its base. The leaf should be allowed to dry in a shady spot for a few days before it is laid flat on top of well-draining soil, with the bottom end of the leaf inserted slightly into the soil. The cutting should be watered sparingly until new growth appears, after which it can be watered normally.
Stem cuttings
Propagation by stem cuttings works well for Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides, particularly during the growing season. It involves cutting a healthy stem section from the parent plant, leaving a few leaves at the top. The stem should be allowed to dry for a few days before it is planted in well-draining soil. The cutting should be watered sparingly until new growth appears, after which it can be watered normally.
Division
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides can be propagated by division, which involves separating the parent plant into two or more sections, each with its own roots and stem. This method is typically done during repotting, and it should be carried out using a sharp, sterile tool to avoid damaging the roots. Once the sections have been separated, they should be planted in well-draining soil and watered normally.
Disease and Pest Management for Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides
Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides, commonly known as Veldt Crassula, is a hardy and drought-resistant succulent plant that is generally pest and disease resistant. However, certain factors can make it susceptible to some problems.
Common Diseases
Root rot and powdery mildew are the most common diseases that can affect Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides.
Root Rot: Overwatering and poorly draining soil can cause root rot in Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides. Symptoms include yellowing and dropping leaves and soft, mushy roots. To manage root rot, it is essential to remove the diseased plant and treat the remaining plants with a fungicide before repotting in well-draining soil.
Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves of Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides. It weakens the plant by affecting its ability to photosynthesize. To prevent powdery mildew, keep the plant dry as excessive humidity can cause it. In the case of the disease, remove the affected parts and treat it with a fungicide.
Common Pests
While Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides is generally pest-resistant, certain pests can pose a threat to it.
Mealybugs: Mealybugs are a common pest that can suck sap from the plant, causing wilting and a decrease in growth. To manage mealybugs, remove them by hand and spray the plant with a solution of water and dish soap or neem oil.
Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that suck sap from the plant, causing leaves to yellow and drop. These pests thrive in dry conditions. To manage spider mites, increase humidity around the plant, spray the plant with water, and release natural predators like ladybugs or lacewings.
Prevention
Good practices such as using well-draining soil, avoiding overwatering, providing enough light, and proper spacing can help prevent diseases and pests from infecting Crassula campestris subsp. pharnaceoides.
Implementing proper soil drainage, avoiding overfertilization or disturbance, and placing plants farther apart can also prevent the spread of diseases. In addition, regular inspection and cleaning of the plant and its surrounding environment can help prevent the outbreak of pests. If detected, handle pest and disease management quickly and appropriately to prevent the spread to other plants.
