Overview
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. The plant is native to North America and is commonly found in the eastern and central parts of the continent. The plant is also known by several common names, including Greater Coreopsis, Star Tickseed, and Broadleaved Tickseed.
Appearance
The plant grows to a height of 2-3 feet and has a spread of 1-1.5 feet. The plant has an upright habit and produces numerous branching stems. The leaves of the plant are hairy and lance-shaped with toothed margins. The flowers of the plant are bright yellow and daisy-like measuring around two inches across. The flowers have a dark brown center and are borne on long, slender stems that rise above the foliage.
Uses
The Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. plant is a popular ornamental plant and is grown in gardens for its attractive flowers. The plant is also used in landscaping projects to provide color and interest. Additionally, the plant is known for its medicinal properties and has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. The plant is believed to have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties and has been used to treat wounds, ulcers, and other skin conditions.
Light Requirements
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. is a sun-loving plant that requires full sunlight exposure and at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. It is not suitable for shady areas and can tolerate light shade for a few hours a day. In low light conditions, the plant tends to stretch and produce weak stems.
Temperature Requirements
The plant thrives in moderate temperature ranges. It grows in USDA hardiness zones 4 to 9, with ideal temperature ranges between 60°F to 75°F. The plant can tolerate temperatures below 32°F and can survive extreme heat, but prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures can cause the plant to wilt or die.
Soil Requirements
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. prefers well-drained sandy loam or loamy soil. The plant can also grow in other soil types, such as dry or rocky soils, as long as the soil is well-drained. The pH of the soil should be slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5-7.5). The plant does not tolerate waterlogged soil and can develop root rot if the soil is consistently wet.
Cultivation
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. thrives in well-drained soil and full sunlight. It may also grow well in partially shaded areas. When planting in the garden, prepare the soil by mixing in organic matter to add nutrients and improve drainage. Seeds should be sown 1/8 inch deep, either indoors or directly in the garden after the last frost.
Watering
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. should be watered regularly, especially during dry spells. Water deeply, but infrequently, to avoid waterlogged soil. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so make sure the soil is well-drained.
Fertilization
While Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. doesn't require a lot of fertilizer, it can benefit from a balanced fertilizer application in early spring. Organic options like compost and fish emulsion are excellent choices as they add nutrients while also improving soil health.
Pruning
Pruning can be beneficial for Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. as it promotes bushy growth and flowering. Deadhead spent blooms regularly to encourage continuous blooming and prevent the plant from going to seed. In the fall, the plant can be cut back to a few inches above the ground to stimulate new growth.
Propagation of Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins.
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. can be propagated asexually through division and stem cuttings.
Division
Division can be done in early spring or in the fall. Dig up the clump and separate the roots into smaller sections using a sharp knife or spade. Each section should have a healthy set of roots and a few shoots. Replant the sections in well-draining soil and water thoroughly.
Stem Cuttings
Stem cuttings can be taken in mid-summer when the plant is actively growing. Select a healthy stem and make a cutting 4-6 inches long below a node. Remove the bottom leaves and dip the cut end in rooting hormone powder. Plant the cutting in well-draining soil and water thoroughly. Keep the cutting in a warm, humid spot and make sure the soil stays moist until roots form.
Propagation of Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. through seed is also possible. However, it is important to note that the plant may not come true from seed and there is the risk of introducing unwanted traits or diseases from open-pollinated seeds.
Disease Management
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. is susceptible to various diseases that can cause significant harm to the plant. Some of the common diseases are:
- Leaf spot: This disease causes dark, irregular spots on the plant's leaves. To manage this, avoid overhead watering and prune infected leaves promptly.
- Root rot: Excessive watering can lead to root rot, which is characterized by soft and dark roots. To avoid this, let the soil dry out slightly before watering and avoid overwatering the plant.
- Mildew: This disease presents powdery white patches on the leaves. To manage this, ensure adequate spacing between plants for proper air circulation and use appropriate fungicides.
- Rust: Rust is characterized by orange or brown spots on the plant's leaves and stems. To manage this, remove infected leaves and use appropriate fungicides.
Pest Management
Coreopsis major Walt. var. stellata (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. is also prone to pest attacks, which can cause significant damage to the plant. Some of the common pests are:
- Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that suck sap from plant's leaves, causing deformation and yellowing. To manage them, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Spider mites: These pests are tiny, spider-like creatures that suck on the plant's sap, causing bronzing of the leaves. To manage them, use insecticidal soap or neem oil and ensure adequate watering and humidity levels.
- Thrips: These are small, slender insects that suck on the plant's juices, causing deformation and discoloration of the leaves. To manage them, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Slugs and snails: These pests can eat away at the plant's leaves and flowers, causing significant damage. To manage them, handpick and remove them from the garden and use copper tapes or barriers to deter them from entering the area.
