Introduction
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) is a species of plant that belongs to the family called Rubiaceae or Coffee family. It is a hybrid of the native Hawaiian species Coprosma ernodeoides and Coprosma kakehana.
Common Names
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) is commonly known as ‘molokai coprosma’ or ‘Hawaiian coprosma’.
Origin
The plant is native to Hawaii and is endemic to the Molokai Island in the Hawaiian archipelago. It grows best in the subalpine regions on the island.
Appearance
The molokai coprosma is a shrub that can grow up to 3 meters tall in its natural habitat. However, in cultivation, it stays smaller and more compact around 2 meters tall. The leaves of the plant are small, ranging from 1-2 cm in length, and are glossy green in color and oval-shaped. The plant produces tiny white flowers, which are then followed by small, bright orange-red berries which persist on its branches.
Uses
The plant has both medicinal and ornamental uses. Traditional Hawaiian healers have used the coprosma species to treat various ailments that include stomach problems, fever, and headaches. The plant contains compounds that can lower the risk of various diseases, such as hypertension and inflammation. As an ornamental plant, it is grown for its dense foliage and colorful berries which make it an attractive addition to any garden or landscape.
Light Requirements
The Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John requires bright and indirect sunlight to grow and thrive. It would help if you placed the plant in a location where it can receive at least six hours of sunlight per day. Direct sunlight can burn the foliage of the plant, so it would be best to place it in a spot with filtered light or partial shade.
Temperature Requirements
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John is a tropical plant that loves warm and humid conditions. The ideal temperature range for optimal growth is between 65°F and 75°F. The plant does not tolerate freezing temperatures and can die when exposed to frost. It would be best to keep the plant in a warm location, away from cold drafts.
Soil Requirements
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John requires well-draining, fertile soil to grow. The soil should also be rich in organic matter and slightly acidic with a pH level between 5.5 and 6.5. The plant cannot tolerate waterlogged soil and can succumb to root rot when exposed to excessively wet soil. You can improve the soil's drainage by adding peat moss, perlite, or vermiculite when planting the plant.
Cultivation of Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.)
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) is a moderately-fast growing evergreen shrub that is native to Hawaii. The plant is a hybrid between Coprosma ernodeoides and Coprosma waimaensis. It is well suited for growing in USDA plant hardiness zones 10-11, and can be grown indoors in cooler climates.
The plant prefers well-drained soils that are slightly acidic. When planting, ensure to provide adequate spacing for the plant to grow and mature. Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) requires a minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight daily to thrive. Partial shade is also acceptable, but full shade can result in weaker growth.
Watering Needs of Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.)
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) prefers well-drained soils that are moist but not waterlogged. Be careful not to over-water the plant, as excessive moisture can cause the plant to wilt and decay. During the growing season, ensure to water the plant at least once a week. Reduce watering during the winter months when the plant is dormant.
Fertilization of Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.)
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) benefits from regular feeding with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. Fertilize the plant every 2-4 weeks during the growing season. Avoid fertilizing the plant during the winter months, as the plant is in its dormant stage, and excess nutrients can lead to root burn and stress.
Pruning of Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.)
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) requires minimal pruning, but regular pruning can help the plant maintain its shape and size. Prune the plant in late winter or early spring before the growing season starts. Remove any dead, diseased, or broken branches. Encourage bushier growth by pinching back the tips of new growth.
Propagation of Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John, commonly known as Molokai mirror plant, is a rare and endangered species that is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Molokai. This plant is a shrub that belongs to the Rubiaceae family and is primarily grown for ornamental purposes. Propagation of this plant can be done via various methods that are discussed below.
Seed Propagation
The primary method of propagating Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John is through seeds. The seeds are usually matured during the summer season, and they can be harvested once they turn brown. Once the seeds are harvested, they must be dried and stored in a cool and dry place until they are ready for sowing. Before sowing, the seeds must be soaked in water for a few hours to soften the seed coat and enhance germination rate. The seeds should be sowed in a seed tray filled with well-draining soil and kept moist. Germination can take up to two months, and once the seedlings have developed their first true leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Semi-Hardwood Cuttings
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John can also be propagated through semi-hardwood cuttings. The best time to take cuttings is during late summer or early fall. The cuttings should be taken from healthy, mature plants and should be approximately 3-4 inches long. The leaves on the lower third of the cutting should be removed, and the remaining leaves should be trimmed. The cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone and then inserted into a well-draining potting mix. The cuttings should be kept moist and warm, but not in direct sunlight. Rooting usually takes about 6-8 weeks, after which the cuttings can be transplanted into individual pots.
Air Layering
Air layering is another propagation method that can be used for Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John. This method involves making a small incision on a stem and then covering the incision with a moist medium such as sphagnum moss. The stem is then wrapped with plastic, and the moss is kept moist. After a few months, the stem will develop roots, at which point it can be cut from the parent plant and transplanted into a pot filled with well-draining soil.
Overall, with proper care and attention, Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John can be easily propagated through any of the above methods.
Disease management
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) is a hardy plant that can resist many diseases, but it is still vulnerable to some common plant diseases such as:
- Leaf spot: This is a common fungal disease that attacks the leaves of the plant, causing them to develop brown or black spots. To manage this disease, remove and destroy the infected leaves and keep the surrounding area clean.
- Powdery mildew: This is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage this disease, treat the plant with a fungicide and ensure proper air circulation around the plant.
- Rust: This is a fungal disease that appears as reddish or yellowish spots on the leaves of the plant. To manage this disease, remove and destroy the infected leaves and prune any affected branches.
Pest management
Coprosma ×molokaiensis St. John (pro sp.) may also be affected by some common plant pests such as:
- Scale insects: These are small, oval-shaped insects that attach themselves to the leaves and stems of the plant, causing them to develop a sticky substance. To manage this pest, wipe the plant leaves and stems with a cloth soaked in alcohol or insecticidal soap.
- Spider mites: These are tiny, spider-like insects that feed on the plant sap, causing the leaves to turn yellow or brown. To manage this pest, spray the plant with a solution of water and insecticidal soap.
- Aphids: These are tiny insects that feed on the plant sap, causing the leaves to curl or distort. To manage this pest, you can use insecticidal soap or neem oil to kill them.
To prevent the spread of diseases and pests, it is essential to keep the plant healthy by providing the right growing conditions, including proper watering, fertilization, and pruning. Regularly inspect the plant for any signs of diseases or pests and take action immediately to manage them effectively. Remember always to follow the instructions of the products you use and wear protective gear when necessary.
