Overview
Convolvulus arborescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., also known as tree bindweed, is a species of flowering plant from the family Convolvulaceae that is native to South America. This plant is widely cultivated in other parts of the world as an ornamental shrub or small tree due to its attractive foliage and showy flowers.
Appearance
The tree bindweed grows up to 6 meters in height, with a spreading crown that can reach up to 4 meters in diameter. The leaves are lanceolate to elliptic in shape, with a glossy dark green color and a smooth texture. The flowers are funnel-shaped, with a diameter of around 6 centimeters, and range in color from pink to purple.
Common names
In its native range, Convolvulus arborescens is commonly known as "palo de flores" or "palo borracho". In other parts of the world where it has been introduced, it may be called tree bindweed, morning glory bush, or bush morning glory.
Uses
Tree bindweed is mainly used as an ornamental plant in gardens and parks due to its showy flowers and attractive foliage. In some parts of South America, the bark is used to make a herbal tea to treat digestive problems and fever. However, caution should be exercised as the plant contains toxic alkaloids that can be harmful if ingested in large quantities.
Growth Conditions for Convolvulus arborescens
Convolvulus arborescens, commonly known as bush morning glory, is a perennial subshrub native to Mexico and Central America. It is a popular choice for landscape design in warm climates due to its attractive flowers and ease of maintenance.
Light Requirements
Bush morning glory thrives in full sun exposure and requires at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. Insufficient light can result in poor growth and reduced flowering. However, in extremely hot climates, the plant may benefit from partial shade in the afternoon to prevent leaf burn.
Temperature Requirements
Convolvulus arborescens is a warm-weather plant that thrives in temperatures between 60°F to 85°F (15°C to 29°C). The plant is not frost tolerant and will only survive in zones 9-11, which have mild winters with temperatures above 20°F (-6°C).
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers well-draining soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5. It can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils, as long as they are well-draining. The addition of organic matter, such as compost, can improve soil structure and fertility, which can help the plant thrive.
Cultivation
Convolvulus arborescens is a relatively easy plant to grow. It can be propagated from seeds or cuttings. The plant prefers well-draining soil that is slightly alkaline, with a pH of 7.0-8.0. It also requires full sunlight exposure to thrive. The best time to plant Convolvulus arborescens is in spring or fall, once the threat of frost has passed.
Watering
Convolvulus arborescens requires moderate watering. It can tolerate dry spells but needs to be watered regularly during prolonged periods of drought. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so make sure the soil is moist but not waterlogged. A good way to check if the plant needs watering is by feeling the soil; if it feels dry, it's time to water.
Fertilization
Convolvulus arborescens doesn't require much fertilization and can thrive in poor soil conditions. However, adding a slow-release fertilizer at the beginning of the growing season can help boost growth. A balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10:10:10 is recommended. Follow the instructions on the package for application rates.
Pruning
Pruning Convolvulus arborescens is not necessary but can help keep the plant tidy and encourage bushier growth. It's best to prune the plant after it finishes flowering. Use clean, sharp pruning shears to remove any dead or damaged branches. You can also trim back any overly long stems to help maintain the plant's shape. Be careful not to prune too much, as this can stunt growth and reduce flower production.
Propagation of Convolvulus arborescens
Convolvulus arborescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., commonly known as Bush Morning Glory, is a popular ornamental plant that can be propagated through several methods. Here are some of its propagation methods:
Seeds propagation
The easiest and the most common propagation method for Convolvulus arborescens is through seeds. The seeds usually germinate quickly and produce plants that are true to the parent plant. To propagate through seeds, collect mature seed pods when they have turned brown and dry. The seeds can be sown directly in the garden during spring or early summer, or started indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date.
Cuttings propagation
Propagation through cuttings is another method for Convolvulus arborescens, but it requires a bit more effort and skill. Take stem cuttings of about 4-6 inches long from a healthy plant in the early summer. Use a sharp, sterile pruning shear to avoid any damage to the stem. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the cutting, and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in moist soil, and keep it in a warm, shaded area until it roots and starts to produce new growth.
Division propagation
Convolvulus arborescens can also be propagated through the division of roots. This method is best done in the early spring or fall when the plant is not in active growth. Carefully dig up the plant and gently separate the roots into sections. Plant each section in a new location, ensuring that the roots are planted at the same depth as they were in their previous location. Water the newly transplanted sections regularly until they establish a new root system.
Propagation of Convolvulus arborescens can be a fulfilling experience that will enable you to reproduce this beautiful plant and enjoy it for years to come.
Disease and Pest Management for Convolvulus arborescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Convolvulus arborescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. is a hardy and disease-resistant plant that is relatively free of pests. However, there are a few diseases and pests that may affect the plant, and it is important for growers to be aware of them so they can take preventative measures to keep their plants healthy.
Common Diseases
The most common disease that affects Convolvulus arborescens is root rot, which is caused by overwatering or poor drainage. Root rot can be prevented by planting the plant in well-draining soil and watering it only when the top layer of soil is dry to the touch.
Another disease that may affect Convolvulus arborescens is powdery mildew, which is caused by a fungus. Powdery mildew can be prevented by ensuring that the plant has good air circulation and is not crowded by other plants. If powdery mildew does appear, it can be treated with a fungicide.
Fungal leaf spots may also occur, caused by various species of fungi. These diseases produce dark spots on leaves, but they can be prevented by avoiding overhead watering and providing good air circulation around the plant. Infected leaves should be pruned and destroyed, away from the garden.
Common Pests
Convolvulus arborescens may be infested by aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies.
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that suck plant sap and excrete a substance called honeydew. This substance makes the plant sticky and may encourage the growth of sooty mold. Aphids can be controlled by spraying the plant with a strong jet of water or with insecticidal soap.
Spider mites are tiny spider-like creatures that infest the undersides of leaves. They cause yellow spots and a fine webbing can be seen over leaves. They are encouraged by warm, dry conditions, so keeping humidity around the plant can avoid infestations. A good method of control is to wipe leaves with a damp sponge or cloth.
Whiteflies are small, winged insects that suck sap from the plant and produce a sticky substance called honeydew. The honeydew can encourage the growth of sooty mold and the plants become weak and non-productive. Insecticidal soaps and sticky traps are effective in controlling whiteflies; however, the best way to avoid them is to keep the area around the plant clean and free from debris.
In conclusion, Convolvulus arborescens is a hardy plant that is relatively free of pests and diseases. However, some minimal precautions ensure that your plant remains strong and disease-free.
