Origin
Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin, commonly known as the African Myrrh, is a native shrub to East Africa. It is commonly found in countries such as Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania.
Common Names
African Myrrh is the most common name for Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin. It is also known as the Bear's Soap-opera, which is a name commonly used in Kenya.
Uses
African Myrrh is used for medicinal and cultural purposes in East Africa. The resin from the plant is used for painful joints and rheumatism, while the leaves and bark are used to treat skin infections and wounds. It is also used in religious ceremonies in Ethiopia and Somalia.
General Appearance
The African Myrrh is a deciduous shrub that can grow up to 4 meters in height. The bark is smooth and grey, while the leaves are alternate, pinnate, and can have up to 20 leaflets. The flowers are small and white, while the fruit is a capsule that contains black seeds. When the plant is damaged, it exudes a resin with a strong aroma.
Light Requirements
Commiphora multifoliolata requires full sunlight exposure for optimal growth. It can tolerate some shade, but too much shade can result in stunted growth and reduced vigor. In its native habitat, the plant is often found growing in open woodland areas with plenty of direct sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
The plant thrives in warm conditions, with an optimal temperature range of 20-30°C (68-86°F). It can tolerate some cooler temperatures, but prolonged exposure to temperatures below 10°C (50°F) can damage the plant and even kill it. In areas with colder temperatures, it is best to grow Commiphora multifoliolata in a greenhouse or other protected environment.
Soil Requirements
Commiphora multifoliolata prefers well-draining soils with good fertility. The ideal soil pH range is between 6.0 and 7.5, although the plant can tolerate slightly more alkaline or acidic soils. It is important to avoid planting the tree in areas with waterlogged soils, as this can result in root rot and other problems.
Water Requirements
The plant requires moderate watering, with an optimal amount of 500-700 mm per year. It can tolerate short periods of drought, but prolonged dry spells can damage the plant and affect its growth. It is important to ensure that the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. Overwatering can also pose a problem as it can lead to root rot and affect the plant's vitality.
Cultivation of Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin
Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin plant is a native of East Africa, particularly in Ethiopia, Somalia, and Djibouti. This plant is suitable for growing indoor rather than outdoor due to its sensitivity to extreme temperatures and frost.
Watering Needs
The plant requires regular watering, but it is essential to avoid overwatering as it may lead to root rot. During the growing season, water the plant deeply once the soil becomes dry to touch but ensure to empty the excess water in the drainage tray. In winter, you can cut back the watering to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilization
Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin plant requires regular fertilization, particularly during the growing season, to promote lush foliage production. It would be best to use an all-purpose water-soluble fertilizer to nourish the plant every two weeks. Note that it is unnecessary to fertilize the plant during the winter seasons.
Pruning
Pruning helps to promote new growth while maintaining the plant's compact shape. You can prune the Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin plant in early spring before the growing season begins. You should remove any discolored, dead, or damaged leaves to prevent parasitic infections, allowing the light to penetrate the foliage. You can also pinch back the tips of new growth to promote branching in young plants to create a fuller, bushier habit.
Propagation of Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin
Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin can be propagated by various methods, including:
Seed propagation
The propagation of Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin through seeds is relatively easy. The seeds are collected from the moist soil around the base of the parent plant. The optimum time for seed collection is during the dry season when the fruits have matured and started to split. The seeds are then cleaned and dried in a cool, shaded place.
The seeds of Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin have a hard outer covering and, to aid germination, they should be soaked in hot water for 24 hours. They should then be sown in a well-drained soil mix containing sand and loam. The seeds should be covered with a thin layer of soil, and the surface should be kept moist until germination. This will take about two to three weeks.
Cutting propagation
Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin can also be propagated through cuttings. Softwood cuttings, taken from the current year's growth, can be used for propagation. Semi-hardwood cuttings, taken from the current year's growth but after the first flush of leaves has hardened, can also be used.
The cuttings should be about 10 cm long and have at least two nodes. The leaves on the lower node should be removed, and the cuttings should be treated with a rooting hormone to aid the development of roots. The cuttings should then be planted in a well-drained, sandy soil mix.
The cuttings need to be kept moist but not waterlogged until the roots develop, which takes about six to eight weeks. After this time, the cuttings can be transplanted to a more permanent position.
Disease and Pest Management for Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin
Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin is a plant that is relatively pest and disease resistant. However, there are a few pests and diseases that may affect the plant. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Pests
Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that can infest Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin. They suck the sap from the leaves, causing the plant to turn yellow and become weaker. To manage spider mites, use insecticidal soap or neem oil to kill them. You may also try using a strong stream of water to dislodge the spider mites from the plant.
Scale insects: Scale insects are small, circular pests that attach themselves to the leaves and stems of Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin. They suck the sap from the plant, causing it to weaken and turn yellow. To manage scale insects, you can use neem oil or horticultural oil. You can also try scraping them off with a soft-bristled brush or spraying them with a mixture of water and dish soap.
Diseases
Fungal diseases: Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin can be susceptible to fungal diseases such as leaf spot and powdery mildew. These diseases can cause the leaves to turn yellow and become covered in white, powdery spots. To manage fungal diseases, use fungicides that are labeled for use on the plant. You can also try improving air circulation around the plant to reduce the humidity levels.
Bacterial diseases: Bacterial diseases can also affect Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin. These diseases can cause the leaves to turn yellow and the plant to wilt. To manage bacterial diseases, remove infected parts of the plant and dispose of them properly. You can also try using a copper fungicide to manage the spread of the disease.
By taking proper precautions and using the right tools and treatments, you can effectively manage pests and diseases that affect Commiphora multifoliolata J.B.Gillett ex Thulin.
