Description
Commiphora laxiflora Engl. is a small deciduous tree that belongs to the Burseraceae family. It is a slow-growing drought-resistant plant, native to East Africa, particularly Kenya, Ethiopia, and Somalia. The tree usually grows up to 5–10 m tall and has a smooth grey bark. The plant has alternate and compound leaves, with 3-9 leaflets that grow up to 7cm long and 2.5cm wide.
Common Names
Commiphora laxiflora is also commonly known as the Silver raisin, Somali myrrh, and Lady's gum.
Uses
The plant has various medicinal properties and is considered a valuable traditional medicine in East Africa. The resin of the plant has been used to treat ailments such as malaria, stomach pain, and fever. The resin can also be used as a fumigant to repel insects. Additionally, the plant is known to be a good source of fuelwood and charcoal. The gum obtained from the plant's bark is used in the production of incense, perfumes, and cosmetics.
General Appearance
The plant has a distinct appearance characterized by its small size, smooth grey bark, and alternate leaves. The leaves of the plant are compound with 3-9 leaflets. The tree produces small white flowers and green fruit that turn reddish-brown when ripe. The plant has a high drought tolerance and can survive in arid land with minimal water supply.
Light Requirements
The Commiphora laxiflora plant typically requires full to partial sunlight to thrive. It requires at least six hours of sunlight per day. However, it is important to note that young plants should be gradually introduced to direct sunlight to avoid sunburn.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers average to warm temperatures. The optimum temperature for growth is between 25°C to 35°C. Temperatures lower than 15°C are not suitable for growth and may adversely affect the plant.
Soil Requirements
The Commiphora laxiflora plant thrives in well-drained soils, especially those that are sandy or rocky. The soil should be slightly alkaline and rich in nutrients. The pH level of the soil should be between 7.5 to 8.3, and the plant requires moderate watering. The soil should not be waterlogged as this may lead to root rot and the plant's death.
Cultivation Methods for Commiphora laxiflora Engl.
Commiphora laxiflora Engl., commonly known as the light-brown apple ring plant, can be cultivated from seeds or cuttings. If planting from cuttings, take hardwood cuttings from the previous season's growth and plant them in a well-draining and nutrient-rich soil mixture. Plant 2-3 cuttings in a pot with a depth of at least 20 cm.
If planting from seeds, soak them in warm water for 24 hours to soften the seed coat before planting them in a similar soil mixture as for cuttings. Ensure that the top of the seed is slightly visible above the soil surface. Keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate, which may take up to one month.
Watering Needs of Commiphora laxiflora Engl.
Commiphora laxiflora Engl. prefers a dry climate and well-draining soil; therefore, it does not require frequent watering. Water it deeply every 2-3 weeks, especially during the growing season. Avoid overwatering, as this may lead to root rot.
Fertilization of Commiphora laxiflora Engl.
Commiphora laxiflora Engl. requires little to no fertilization. If the plant shows signs of nutrient deficiency, such as slow growth or yellowing leaves, fertilize it with a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season.
Pruning Commiphora laxiflora Engl.
Commiphora laxiflora Engl. does not require regular pruning unless it grows out of shape or becomes too large. Prune it during the dormant season, making cuts just above a leaf or bud. Avoid pruning more than one-third of the plant as this may lead to stunted growth or death.
Propagation of Commiphora laxiflora Engl.
Commiphora laxiflora Engl., commonly known as the White-stemmed Myrrh or Gum Myrrh, is a deciduous shrub or small tree that can grow up to 5 meters tall. The plant is native to East Africa and can be propagated vegetatively or by seed.
Vegetative Propagation
One of the easiest methods to propagate Commiphora laxiflora is through vegetative propagation. This method involves taking cuttings of the plant and planting them in soil or another growing medium.
Stem cuttings can be taken from the parent plant during the late winter or early spring when the plant is still dormant. Choose a healthy stem that is free of diseases and pests, and make a clean cut using a sharp pruning tool.
Remove all leaves from the cutting except for the top two or three leaves. Dip the cut end of the stem into rooting hormone powder to enhance root formation, then plant the stem in a pot filled with a well-draining soil mixture. Place the pot in a warm and bright location, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. After a few weeks, check for root formation by gently tugging on the stem. Once the cutting has established roots, it can be transplanted into a larger pot or directly into the ground.
Seed Propagation
Commiphora laxiflora can also be propagated by seed. Collect seeds from the plant's fruits when they turn brown and start to split open. Use a moist paper towel to clean the seeds and plant them in a well-draining soil mixture, making sure to cover them lightly with soil.
Water the seeds regularly, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. Germination may take several weeks or months, depending on the temperature and humidity. Once the seedlings have grown a few sets of leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the ground.
In conclusion, Commiphora laxiflora can be propagated through vegetative propagation or seed propagation. Stem cuttings or seeds can be used to propagate the plant, and both methods require well-draining soil and regular watering.
Disease Management
Commiphora laxiflora Engl. is generally a robust and healthy plant that is not often affected by diseases. However, there are a few common diseases that may affect the plant.
Leaf Blight: This disease is caused by a fungal infection, and it typically affects the leaves of the plant, causing them to wilt and turn yellow or brown. To manage this disease, it is recommended to remove infected leaves and destroy them to prevent further spread. Fungicides can also be used to control the spread of the disease.
Root Rot: This disease is caused by the soil-borne fungus Phytophthora, and it typically affects the roots of the plant, causing them to rot and die. To manage this disease, it is essential to improve soil drainage and avoid overwatering. Infected plants should be removed, and the soil should be treated with fungicides to prevent further spread of the disease.
Anthracnose: This disease is caused by a fungal infection, and it typically affects the leaves, twigs, and branches of the plant, causing them to wither and die. To manage this disease, it is recommended to apply fungicides to infected plants and remove and destroy any fallen leaves or branches.
Pest Management
Commiphora laxiflora Engl. is susceptible to a few pests that may affect its growth and yield. Here are some common pests that may affect the plant:
Spider Mites: These pests feed on the sap of the plant, causing the leaves to turn yellow or brown and fall off. To manage these pests, it is recommended to wash the plants thoroughly with water and apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to control their spread.
Mealybugs: These pests also feed on the sap of the plant and leave behind a white, cottony substance on the plant leaves. To manage these pests, it is recommended to remove and destroy infected leaves and apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to control their spread.
Scale Insects: These pests attach themselves to the plant leaves and feed on their sap, causing them to yellow and wither. To manage these pests, it is recommended to remove infected leaves and apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to control their spread.
