Overview
Coleus stachyoides (Oliv.) E.A.Bruce is a flowering plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae. The plant is native to tropical Africa, specifically in East Africa within the countries of Tanzania, Zambia, and Malawi. It is a relatively uncommon plant species that is not as widely recognized as other Coleus species.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as the “Pamela Coleus” or “Tiny Thyme” owing to its close resemblance in appearance to Thyme and its small, delicate leaves that are reminiscent of the leaves of the Coleus genus plant.
Uses
The Coleus stachyoides plant is valued mainly for its ornamental value. It is usually grown for its uniquely shaped leaves that come in a variety of colors and textures, including green and yellow. The plant is a popular choice for garden enthusiasts and is frequently used in landscaping, especially for edging pathways or garden beds. The plant can be easily grown in containers or directly in the soil and is relatively low maintenance, making it an excellent plant for novice gardeners.
General Appearance
The Coleus stachyoides plant is a small herbaceous shrub that typically grows up to 20-30 cm tall, with a spread of 10-15 cm. Its leaves are small and oval-shaped, measuring about 1-2 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide. The leaves are densely packed and a bright green color, but may also have a yellow-green hue.
The plant’s stems are thin and wiry, branching out from the main stem, which develops a woody texture as the plant matures. Its flowers are small and purple in color, growing in clusters at the end of the stem and covered in glandular pubescence, which gives them a unique texture. Coleus stachyoides is a relatively fast-growing plant and thrives in full sun to partial shade, in well-drained soils that are kept moist.
Overall, Coleus stachyoides is an attractive plant that adds a unique element to any garden or landscape. Its small size and easy-to-grow nature make it a popular choice among gardeners looking to add a pop of color and texture to their garden.Light Requirements
Coleus stachyoides requires bright, indirect light for healthy growth. It can tolerate some direct sunlight, but excessive exposure can lead to leaf scorching. It is best to place the plant near a window that receives bright but filtered sunlight. Avoid placing it in a location with limited light as it can cause leggy growth and small leaves.
Temperature Requirements
Coleus stachyoides thrives in warm temperatures, ranging from 18-30°C (65-85°F). It is not cold tolerant and should be kept away from drafts or areas with temperatures below 15°C (59°F). Avoid sudden temperature fluctuations as it can cause stress and damage to the plant.
Soil Requirements
Coleus stachyoides prefers well-draining, nutrient-rich soil. A mixture of equal parts potting soil, perlite, and peat moss is ideal for this plant. The soil should have a pH between 6.0-7.0 to ensure optimal nutrient uptake. It is important to let the soil dry out partially between waterings to prevent root rot.
Cultivation methods
Coleus stachyoides is a tropical plant that requires warm temperatures between 60-75°F and bright, indirect light to thrive. It can be grown indoors and outdoors, and it prefers well-draining soil with a neutral to slightly acidic pH. The plant can be propagated by stem cuttings, and it should be repotted every year to keep it healthy and growing.
Watering needs
It is essential to water Coleus stachyoides regularly, especially during periods of growth. The plant prefers consistently moist soil, but it should not be overwatered. To avoid waterlogging, it is recommended to allow the topsoil to dry slightly before watering again. The best way to water the plant is from below the pot, allowing the soil to absorb water through the drainage holes.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization is necessary for Coleus stachyoides to provide essential nutrients for growth and development. A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be applied every month during the growing season. It is essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions and avoid overfertilization, which can lead to burned or damaged roots.
Pruning
Pruning is essential for maintaining the shape and health of Coleus stachyoides. It should be done regularly to encourage branching and promote a more compact growth habit. Pinching should be done when the plant is young to encourage bushiness, and deadheading should be done to remove spent flowers and promote new growth. Any diseased, damaged, or dead parts of the plant should be removed immediately to avoid the spread of disease.
Propagation of Coleus stachyoides
Coleus stachyoides is a fast-growing plant that can be easily propagated through either seeds or cuttings. Both methods are relatively easy to carry out and have a high success rate.
Propagation by Seeds
Coleus stachyoides can be propagated by seeds. The seeds can be purchased from a reputable supplier or harvested from a mature plant. Sow the seeds in a well-drained, moist potting mix. After sowing, sprinkle a thin layer of soil on top and water the soil gently to keep it moist.
Place the pot in a warm and bright location, but away from direct sunlight. The ideal temperature for the germination of seeds is between 20 and 25°C. Germination will occur within two to three weeks, and the seedlings will be ready for transplantation after four to six weeks.
Propagation by Cuttings
Coleus stachyoides can also be propagated by cuttings. Take cuttings of about 10cm from the tip of a mature plant. Cut the stem just below a node to encourage new root growth. Remove the lower leaves of the cutting and keep only a few leaves at the top. Dip the cut end of the stem into a rooting hormone to promote rooting.
Insert the stem into a well-drained, moist potting mix. Water the soil gently and cover the pot with a clear plastic bag to increase humidity. Place the pot in a bright location but away from direct sunlight. The ideal temperature for the rooting of cuttings is between 20 and 25°C.
Rooting will occur within two to three weeks, and once the roots are well-established, the plant can be transplanted to its permanent location.
Disease and Pest Management for Coleus stachyoides (Oliv.) E.A.Bruce
Coleus stachyoides (Oliv.) E.A.Bruce is generally a hardy plant but like any other plant, it can also be affected by different diseases and pests. Proper management is necessary to keep the plant healthy and productive. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal diseases: Fungal diseases like leaf spots, root rot, and powdery mildew can affect Coleus stachyoides. To manage these diseases, avoid overhead watering and keep the plant foliage dry as much as possible. Remove infected plant parts and treat the plant with a fungicide suitable for Coleus stachyoides.
Bacterial diseases: Bacterial diseases like leaf blight and bacterial wilt can also affect the plant. To manage these diseases, remove infected parts of the plant, avoid overhead watering, and practice good hygiene practices like sterilizing the tools and equipment used on the plant to prevent the spread of the bacteria.
Viral diseases: Viral diseases like mosaic viruses can cause stunted growth and yellowing of leaves in Coleus stachyoides. There is no cure for viral diseases, so it's important to avoid introducing the virus to the plant by using only virus-free propagation material.
Pests
Aphids: Aphids are common pests that suck sap from the plant, causing distorted growth and yellowing of leaves. To manage them, wash them off the plant using a strong stream of water or treat the plant with a suitable insecticide.
Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that cause small yellow or brown spots on the leaves of the plant. If left untreated, they can multiply rapidly and cause severe damage to the plant. To manage spider mites, wash them off the plant using a strong stream of water or treat the plant with a suitable miticide.
Whiteflies: Whiteflies are tiny, flying insects that can cause wilting, yellowing, and premature leaf drop in Coleus stachyoides. To manage them, introduce natural predators like ladybugs or treat the plant with a suitable insecticide.
By following proper disease and pest management practices, you can keep your Coleus stachyoides healthy and productive, providing you with beautiful foliage to enjoy.
