Overview
Coelorachis afraurita (Stapf) Stapf, also known as African Bell Grass, is a perennial plant species from the Poaceae family. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions in Africa, including Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda.
Appearance
African Bell Grass grows up to 2 meters in height and has an erect stem that is often bordered by a few hairs. Its leaves are flat, narrow, and green in color. The inflorescence consists of a long, bell-shaped panicle that is usually purplish in color and contains numerous flowers. The fruit is a caryopsis that is yellowish-brown in color.
Common Names
Aside from African Bell Grass, this plant is also known by several other common names such as Common Signal Grass, African Signal Grass, and Coastal Signal Grass.
Uses
African Bell Grass is commonly used as a forage plant for livestock due to its high nutritional value. It is also used as a cover crop to control soil erosion, and as an ornamental plant in gardening and landscaping. Some studies have shown that this plant has potential medicinal properties such as antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects.
Light Requirements
Coelorachis afraurita requires full sun exposure to thrive. As a result, the plant should be grown in an open space that is void of any shading structures that may obstruct the sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is native to sub-tropical and tropical regions and can withstand warm to high temperatures, ranging from 20-35°C. Temperatures below 15°C may affect the plant's growth and development negatively. Therefore, care should be taken when growing the plant under temperate conditions.
Soil Requirements
The ideal soil type for Coelorachis afraurita is fertile, well-drained soil with a neutral pH level of 6.0-7.5. The soil should also be rich in organic matter to provide adequate nutrients to the plant. Waterlogged soils that retain water for extended periods should be avoided as they lead to root rot and other plant diseases.
Cultivation Methods
Coelorachis afraurita (Stapf) Stapf, is a perennial plant that belongs to the grass family. It is native to Southern Africa, and it grows best in well-draining soils with sufficient nutrients. The plant thrives in full sunlight, but it can tolerate partial shade. Ensure that the plant is sown in an area that receives enough water to keep the soil moist.
Watering Needs
Coelorachis afraurita requires regular watering to survive. Water the plant at least once a week, especially during the dry season. Ensure that the soil remains damp but not waterlogged to avoid root rot.
Fertilization
Fertilize Coelorachis afraurita during the growing season to support its growth. Use a slow-release fertilizer with high nitrogen content. Apply fertilizer to the soil around the base of the plant and water thoroughly afterward.
Pruning
Pruning Coelorachis afraurita is not necessary, but it can help remove dead or diseased plant parts. Use a sharp and clean pair of pruning shears to cut off the affected parts. Ensure that the cut is clean and that the wound is treated with a fungicide to prevent infection.
Propagation of Coelorachis afraurita
Coelorachis afraurita (Stapf) Stapf, commonly known as African foxtail grass, is a perennial plant that belongs to the Poaceae family. Propagation can be carried out either through seeds or vegetative means.
Propagation by Seeds
The seeds of Coelorachis afraurita can be sown directly in the soil or in pots, in slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH range of 6 to 7.5. The best time for sowing is in spring or early summer. The seeds should be spread evenly on the surface of the soil and gently pressed down. Water should be applied to moisten the soil, and care should be taken not to overwater as excessive moisture can lead to fungal growth.
Germination will occur in about 7 to 10 days, and once the seedlings have grown four to five leaves, they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Propagation through Division
Propagation by division of Coelorachis afraurita is also possible. This is done by separating the clumps of the parent plant into smaller portions during the early spring before new growth appears. The separated portions should each have some roots and shoots.
The small portions can then be planted in moist soil and covered with a plastic bag or a clear container to reduce moisture loss and increase humidity until they are established.
After about six to eight weeks, the plant should be strong enough to remove the covering and expose it to steady sunlight.
Disease Management of Coelorachis afraurita
Coelorachis afraurita is highly resistant to diseases due to its ability to withstand harsh conditions. However, the plant can be affected by fungal and bacterial diseases.
Fungal Diseases: The most common fungal diseases that affect Coelorachis afraurita are Anthracnose and Powdery Mildew. To manage Anthracnose, remove the affected parts of the plant and destroy them. You can also apply fungicides to the infected plants. For Powdery Mildew, you can manage it by applying fungicides that contain potassium bicarbonate or neem oil.
Bacterial Diseases: Coelorachis afraurita is susceptible to Bacterial Blight. To manage this disease, remove the infected parts of the plant and apply copper-based fungicides.
Pest Management of Coelorachis afraurita
Coelorachis afraurita is also highly resistant to pests due to its ability to tolerate extreme temperatures and drought. However, certain pests can still infest the plant, including:
Cutworms: Cutworms can cut through the stems of Coelorachis afraurita, killing the plant. To manage this pest, apply insecticides that contain Bacillus thuringiensis or spinosad.
Grasshoppers: Grasshoppers can consume large portions of Coelorachis afraurita within a short time. You can manage this pest by using insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Aphids: Aphids can cause deformities on Coelorachis afraurita. To manage this pest, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
