Overview
Cleome sandwicensis Gray, also known as the Beach spiderflower, is a herbaceous plant that is part of the Cleomaceae family. This plant is endemic to Hawaii and can be found growing on the shores of the islands, where it has adapted to the salt spray and sandy soils. It is a popular ornamental plant due to its striking pink flowers and unique foliage.
Common Names
The Cleome sandwicensis Gray is commonly known by several names. These include Beach spiderflower, Naupaka kahakai, Kulu'i, and Hawaiian spiderflower. The name "Naupaka kahakai" in Hawaiian translates to "half-flower of the beach," which refers to the plant's unique ability to grow in the sandy, salty soil.
Uses
The Cleome sandwicensis Gray is a popular garden plant due to its vibrant pink flowers and its ability to thrive in coastal conditions. It is used in landscaping to create a tropical look and can be used as a border plant or a ground cover. The plant is also used in traditional Hawaiian medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including respiratory issues, headaches, and stomach problems.
Appearance
The Cleome sandwicensis Gray has a unique appearance that sets it apart from other plants. It has palmate leaves that are divided into five to seven leaflets that are each about an inch wide. The leaves have a distinctive purple vein running down the center. The plant can grow up to six feet tall, but typically reaches three to four feet in height. The flowers of the plant are a vibrant pink color and have long stamens that protrude up from the center of the flower. The flowers bloom in clusters and have a sweet fragrance that is especially noticeable in the early afternoon.
Light Requirements:
Being a tropical plant, Cleome sandwicensis Gray thrives in bright sunlight. It requires at least six hours of direct sunlight daily to grow properly. Lack of enough sunlight may cause stunted growth and poor flowering.
Temperature Conditions:
The plant is sensitive to cold weather conditions, hence it grows well in warm temperatures between 70 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Temperatures below 50 degrees can harm the plant and cause yellowing of leaves. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the surrounding temperature remains above the plant's threshold.
Soil Requirements:
The plant prefers well-draining soil, slightly acidic, with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8. The soil should also have rich organic matter to help sustain the plant. Sandy loam soil with adequate humus content is ideal for Cleome sandwicensis Gray. On the other hand, water-logged soils or those poor in organic nutrients should be avoided.
Cultivation of Cleome sandwicensis Gray
Cleome sandwicensis Gray, also known as the Hawaiian spider flower, is a beautiful plant that requires certain conditions for optimal growth. It is best cultivated in a location that receives full sun and has well-drained, sandy soil. The plant thrives in warm and humid environments and is tolerant of wind and salt spray.
Propagation can be done using seeds, cuttings, or division of the plant. Sow the seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost or plant them directly in the ground once the threat of frost has passed. Keep the soil moist during the germination period. Once the seedlings have emerged, thin them to ensure adequate spacing.
Watering needs of Cleome sandwicensis Gray
Cleome sandwicensis Gray requires regular watering to ensure optimal growth. During the growing season, water the plant deeply once a week, or more frequently in very hot and dry conditions. Reduce watering during the winter months but ensure the soil does not completely dry out.
Avoid overwatering as this can cause root rot and other diseases. It is essential to provide good drainage to prevent waterlogging of the soil.
Fertilization of Cleome sandwicensis Gray
Cleome sandwicensis Gray benefits from a balanced fertilizer during the growing season. Applying a fertilizer high in nitrogen shortly after planting can help promote strong growth. Once the plant is established, switch to a fertilizer with a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Follow the manufacturer's instructions to avoid overfertilization.
Pruning of Cleome sandwicensis Gray
Cleome sandwicensis Gray generally does not require pruning, but removing spent flowers can help prolong blooming. Deadheading also prevents the plant from expending energy on seed production. If the plant becomes too leggy or bushy, pinch back the stems to encourage branching and promote fuller growth.
It is also advisable to remove any dead or damaged plant material regularly to reduce the likelihood of pest and disease issues.
Propagation of Cleome sandwicensis Gray
Cleome sandwicensis Gray, also known as Hawaiian spider flower, is a beautiful plant that belongs to the family Cleomaceae. It is native to Hawaii and is widely cultivated as an ornamental garden plant. This plant is short-lived, usually growth up to 2 to 3 years. To maintain the plant population, propagation is necessary.
Propagation Methods
Cleome sandwicensis Gray can be propagated by various methods including:
Seed Propagation
Propagation of Cleome sandwicensis Gray can be done through seeds. Collect the seeds from matured fruits of the plant. Sow the seeds into a well-drained soil mix in pots or directly in the garden bed. Water the soil until it is moist. After germination, thin out the seedlings, leaving only the strongest in each pot or 20-30 cm apart in the garden bed.
Cuttings Propagation
Cuttings is another propagation method. This method involves making a cutting from a mature plant and planting it into the soil. The cutting should be obtained from the parent plant by cutting off a stem with a sharp knife or scissors. It is then planted into the soil mix and watered well. After rooting, transplant the cutting into a garden bed or a pot.
Division Propagation
Hawaiian spider flower can also be propagated by division method. The plant can be divided by carefully digging up the parent plant and separating the root mass into small pieces. Each piece should have several roots and shoots. Replant these pieces into a new garden bed or pot and water well.
Propagation of Cleome sandwicensis Gray is relatively easy and can be done by anyone with an interest in gardening. By following these propagations methods, you can enjoy the beauty of this plant in your garden.
Disease Management
One of the most common diseases that affects Cleome sandwicensis is powdery mildew. This disease is characterized by the appearance of a white or gray powdery growth on the plant's leaves or stems. To manage powdery mildew, it is essential to remove and destroy any infected plant material. Also, it is advisable to avoid overcrowding the plants, and providing adequate ventilation to reduce the humidity levels in the growing space. In case the disease is severe, a fungicide may be necessary.
Cleome sandwicensis is also susceptible to leaf spot disease, which causes the development of circular or irregular brown spots on the leaves. To manage leaf spot disease, remove and destroy infected plant materials and avoid overhead watering. Also, it is advisable to apply a fungicide to protect the leaves from further infection.
Pest Management
One of the most common pests that affects Cleome sandwicensis is aphids. These tiny insects feed on the plant sap, causing the leaves to curl and distort. To manage aphids, it is advisable to use a strong jet of water to knock them off the plant or handpick them. In severe cases, neem oil or insecticidal soap may be necessary.
Cleome sandwicensis is also susceptible to whiteflies, which cause yellowing of the leaves and the development of sooty mold. To manage whiteflies, use yellow sticky traps to attract and capture the insects. Also, a combination of insecticidal soap and neem oil may be used to manage the pests.
