Overview
Cleome polytricha Franch. is a unique, herbaceous plant native to Tangut, China. This plant belongs to the Capparaceae family and is commonly known as Chinese spider flower, Tangut cleome, or sh?n hú dié (???) in Chinese. It is a popular garden plant due to its attractive appearance and unique features.
Appearance
Cleome polytricha Franch. is a perennial plant that can grow up to 1.5 meters tall. It has many branches that are covered with numerous thorns. The leaves of the plant are pinnate and have serrated edges. The flowers of the plant are small, white, and have a distinct spider-like appearance. The flowers have long, thin petals that are arranged in a circular pattern around the center of the flower. The plant produces seed pods that are almost two inches long and are used for propagation.
Uses
In traditional Chinese medicine, the seed pods of Cleome polytricha Franch. have been used to treat high fever, cough, and lung infections. The plant has also been used to treat liver and stomach disorders. The seeds of the plant have a high oil content and have been used for their industrial value as a potential source of biodiesel. In addition to its medicinal and industrial uses, the Chinese spider flower is also grown as an ornamental plant due to its attractive appearance and unique features. It is commonly used in gardens and landscapes to add interest and texture to the overall design.
Cultivation
Cleome polytricha Franch. prefers well-draining soils and full sun exposure. It is a drought-tolerant plant and does not require frequent watering. It is easy to grow from seed and can also be propagated through cuttings. The plant is hardy and can survive in temperatures as low as -10°C. It is a popular garden plant and is often grown as an annual in cooler climates. To promote flowering, the plant should be pruned regularly, and dead flowers should be removed.
Conclusion
Cleome polytricha Franch. is a unique and attractive plant that has both medicinal and industrial uses. Its distinct spider-like appearance, along with its hardiness and ease of cultivation, make it a popular addition to gardens and landscapes. Whether you are a traditional medicine practitioner or an environmental engineer, the Chinese spider flower is a plant that you should consider adding to your collection.
Light Requirements
Cleome polytricha Franch. grows best in full to partial sun, typically receiving 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight a day. The plant can tolerate some shade, but excessive shade may cause the plant to become leggy or fail to bloom.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers warm temperatures ranging from 18°C to 25°C and can tolerate temperatures up to 40°C. Cleome polytricha Franch. is not frost-tolerant and cannot survive freezing temperatures.
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers well-draining soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. Cleome polytricha Franch. can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, the soil must be fertile and rich in organic matter to support healthy growth and flower production.
It is important to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, as the plant can suffer from root rot if the soil is too wet. Adding a layer of mulch around the base of the plant helps to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
Cultivation of Cleome polytricha Franch.
Cleome polytricha Franch. grows well in well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. The plant requires full or partial sun to grow.
The seeds should be sown directly outdoors once the soil has warmed up in the spring. The plant does not transplant well, so it is essential to plant the seeds where you want the plant to grow.
The seeds should be sown only 1/8 inch deep, and the row spacing should be 18-24 inches apart.
Watering Needs for Cleome polytricha Franch.
Cleome polytricha Franch. prefers moderate but consistent watering. During the growing season, the plant should be watered regularly to keep the soil from drying out.
The soil should not be waterlogged as too much water can harm the plant. If the soil is heavy, consider adding compost or other organic matter to improve drainage.
Fertilization of Cleome polytricha Franch.
Cleome polytricha Franch. benefits from regular fertilization during the growing season. Adding compost or organic matter in the form of a top dressing is recommended.
You can also use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer every four to six weeks during the growing season to keep the plant healthy.
Pruning Cleome polytricha Franch.
Cleome polytricha Franch. does not require much pruning, but removing spent flowers and deadheading will encourage blooming throughout the season.
You can pinch back the tips of new growth to encourage branching and bushier growth.
Trimming back the plant after the first frost will encourage healthy growth in the following season.
Propagation of Cleome polytricha Franch.
Cleome polytricha Franch. is a perennial herb that grows in rocky areas and crevices at elevations between 1,000 and 4,000 meters in southwest China, Myanmar, and Vietnam. It is a decorative plant that produces pink or white flowers that are attractive to bees and butterflies. The plant propagates through different methods, including:
Seed propagation
The easiest way to propagate Cleome polytricha Franch. is through seed propagation. The seeds are small and black and germinate quickly with the right growing conditions. Collect seeds from the plant when the seed pods are dry and brown. Sow the seeds in trays or pots filled with well-draining soil in spring or fall. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and keep them moist. The seeds will germinate within 14 to 21 days and can be transplanted to the garden or desired location after they have a few sets of true leaves.
Division propagation
Another way to propagate Cleome polytricha Franch. is through division propagation. The plant grows in clusters, and the clumps can be divided every three to four years to produce new plants. Late autumn is the best time to divide the plant when the foliage begins to die back. Carefully dig up the plant and separate the clumps with a sharp spade or knife. Make sure each division has some roots and foliage. Replant the divisions in well-draining soil and water thoroughly. The new plants will establish themselves before winter sets in and will start growing anew come spring.
Cuttings propagation
Cleome polytricha Franch. can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take cuttings from the plant in spring when it is actively growing. Choose healthy stems that are about 10-12cm long and remove any leaves from the bottom half of the cutting. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone and plant it in a pot filled with well-draining soil. Water the pot until the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Cover the pot with a plastic bag to create a humid environment and place it in a warm, bright spot. The cutting will root within four to six weeks and can be transplanted to the garden or desired location.
Disease Management
Cleome polytricha is susceptible to various fungal diseases, including powdery mildew, anthracnose, and botrytis blight. Powdery mildew is a common disease that causes a white, powdery growth on the leaves and stems of the plant. Anthracnose can cause leaf spots, stem cankers, and premature leaf drop. Botrytis blight causes brown spots on leaves and stem cankers.
One of the best ways to manage these diseases is to provide proper cultural practices, such as regular pruning and upkeep of the plant, to optimize vigor. Additionally, avoid overhead watering, which can create a humid environment that encourages fungal growth. Remove any infected material and dispose of it, either by burning or removing it from the site. In severe cases, fungicides may be necessary to control the disease.
Pest Management
Cleome polytricha is relatively pest-free, but some pests may occasionally cause problems. Aphids, spider mites, and thrips are the most common pests that can infest Cleome plants, causing damage to leaves, stems, and flowers.
To manage these pests, first, inspect the plants regularly for any signs of infestation. Early detection is essential for effective control. Washing the plants with a strong stream of water can help remove small pest populations. You can also use insecticidal soap, neem oil, or other organic pesticides to control larger populations of pests. Make sure to carefully read and follow the instructions on the label when using any pesticides.
By following proper cultural practices and taking early action against pests and diseases, you can keep your Cleome polytricha healthy and thriving.
