Overview of Cleome multicaulis DC.
Cleome multicaulis DC., commonly known as the Rocky Mountain beeplant, stinking-clover, or bee spiderflower, is a member of the family Cleomaceae. The plant is native to the western region of North America, from the Great Plains to the Pacific Coast. It typically grows in dry or sandy soils and is often found in grasslands, open woods, and disturbed areas like roadsides and fields.
Appearance of Cleome multicaulis DC.
Cleome multicaulis DC. is a herbaceous annual plant that can reach a height of up to 1.5 meters. It has an erect stem that is covered with glandular hairs, giving it a sticky texture. The leaves are palmately compound, consisting of five to seven small leaflets that are ovate in shape. The flowers are pinkish-purple and are arranged on long spikes that emerge from the leaf axils. The fruit of the plant is a long, slender capsule that contains several small seeds.
Uses of Cleome multicaulis DC.
The Rocky Mountain beeplant has a long history of use by Native American tribes, who valued the plant for its medicinal properties. The leaves and stems were used to treat a variety of ailments, including digestive problems, rheumatism, and skin conditions. The plant was also used as a natural dye, producing a yellow coloring from the flowers and a green coloring from the stems.
In modern times, Cleome multicaulis DC. is primarily used as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscapes. Its striking flowers and attractive foliage make it a popular choice for adding color and texture to flower beds and borders. The plant also has value as a pollinator plant, attracting bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects to the garden. Additionally, some people use the plant as a natural insect repellent, as its strong scent is known to repel mosquitoes and other pests.
Growth conditions of Cleome multicaulis DC.
Cleome multicaulis DC. is a native plant of Iran that grows well in full sunlight. The plant requires a minimum of 6-8 hours of direct sunlight for its growth and development. In areas with a hot climate, partial shade during the hottest hours of the day may be beneficial.
Temperature requirements
Cleome multicaulis DC. is well suited to grow in temperatures ranging from 25-30°C. The plant can tolerate brief periods of droughts as well as occasional frosts. In areas with a humid climate, the plant may be susceptible to fungal diseases, which can be prevented by providing adequate air circulation.
Soil requirements
Cleome multicaulis DC. grows well in well-draining, fertile soil that is rich in organic matter. The plant prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH ranging between 5.8-7.0. The soil should also be kept moist but not soggy. In heavy clay soils, amend the soil with sand or perlite for better drainage.
Additionally, providing regular applications of balanced fertilizer during the growing season can help promote healthy growth, but take care not to over-fertilize as it can lead to excessive foliage growth instead of flowers.
Cultivation Methods
Cleome multicaulis DC. is a bushy plant that can grow up to 1 meter tall. To cultivate this plant, you need to provide it with well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. The plant requires full sun to grow and mature properly. It thrives in warm weather and can be grown outdoors in USDA hardiness zone 10 to 11. To cultivate Cleome multicaulis DC, sow its seeds in the spring or summer in a prepared seedbed. Place the seeds 1/4 inch deep in the soil and space them 1 foot apart. Keep the soil moist until the seedlings emerge, usually in a week.
Watering Needs
Cleome multicaulis DC. requires regular watering to thrive. Ensure that the soil remains moist, but not waterlogged. Overwatering can cause root rot and other problems. A good rule of thumb is to water the plant twice a week during dry periods. Reduce watering in the fall or winter to avoid waterlogging the plants. Always water at the base of the plant, and avoid getting water on the leaves, which can cause diseases to develop.
Fertilization
Cleome multicaulis DC. benefits from regular fertilization to support healthy growth and flowering. Apply a balanced fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10, once a month during the growing season. Apply the fertilizer around the base of the plant and water it in well. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can damage the plant, and always follow the manufacturer's instructions for application.
Pruning
Cleome multicaulis DC. requires minimal pruning. Deadheading or removing spent flowers can encourage the plant to produce new blooms. You can also remove any yellow or brown leaves to keep the plant looking vibrant. Prune the plant in the spring to encourage bushy and compact growth. Cut back the stems by one-third of their length, or to a healthy bud.
Propagation of Cleome multicaulis DC.
Cleome multicaulis DC., commonly known as Egyptian star cluster, is an annual flowering herb that belongs to the family Capparaceae. This plant can be propagated in several ways.
Propagation from Seeds
The most common method of propagating Cleome multicaulis is through seeds. This plant produces numerous tiny seeds that can be collected when the pods have ripened and dried. The seeds should be stored in a cool and dry place until planting. When planting, the seeds should be sown in a well-draining soil mixture, preferably in the spring or early summer. The seedlings should be watered regularly and should be protected from strong winds and direct sunlight until they are established.
Propagation from Cuttings
Another method of propagation is through stem cuttings. This method is ideal for those who want to propagate a particular cultivar of Cleome multicaulis, as it allows the new plant to retain the characteristics of the parent plant. The cuttings should be taken from healthy and disease-free plants, preferably in the spring or early summer. The stems should be cut just below a node and should be about 4-6 inches in length. The cuttings should then be dipped in a rooting hormone and planted in a well-draining soil mixture. The cuttings should be watered regularly and should be protected from direct sunlight until they are established.
Propagation from Division
Cleome multicaulis can also be propagated through division. This method is ideal for established plants that have grown too large for their space or have become overcrowded. The plant should be lifted carefully from the ground and the root ball should be divided into several sections. Each section should have a healthy and intact root system and a few stems and leaves. The divided sections should be replanted in a well-draining soil mixture and watered regularly.
Overall, Cleome multicaulis DC. is a relatively easy plant to propagate, and with proper care and attention, new plants can be easily established.
Disease and Pest Management for Cleome Multicaulis DC.
Cleome Multicaulis DC, commonly known as the Many-stemmed Spider-flower, is a hardy and drought-tolerant plant that is resistant to most pests and diseases. However, like all plants, it can still be affected by certain pests and diseases. Here are some common issues that may affect Cleome Multicaulis DC, along with prevention and treatment methods:
Pests
Aphids: These are small insects that suck sap out of leaves and stems, causing wilting, yellowing, and distorted growth. To prevent aphid infestations, keep the plant well-watered and avoid over-fertilizing. If you do notice aphids on your plant, you can control them by spraying with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Cutworms: These are the larvae of certain moths that feed on young plants, cutting them down at the base. To prevent cutworm infestations, keep the area around the plant clear of debris and weeds, and use a collar made of cardboard or aluminum foil around the stem of the plant. If cutworms are present, handpick and dispose of them, or use Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) to control them.
Spider Mites: These are tiny pests that cause yellowing and dropping of leaves, as well as the appearance of webbing on the plant. You can prevent spider mites by keeping the plant well-watered and increasing humidity around the plant. If spider mites are present, spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Diseases
Leaf Spot: This fungal disease causes spotting and yellowing of leaves, along with premature dropping. To prevent leaf spot, avoid overhead watering and provide good air circulation around the plant. If leaf spot occurs, remove and destroy affected leaves and apply a fungicide.
Powdery Mildew: This is a fungal disease that causes a white powder-like coating on leaves, stems, and flowers. To prevent powdery mildew, again, avoid overhead watering and provide good air circulation. If powdery mildew occurs, remove and destroy affected leaves and use a fungicide.
Root Rot: This fungal disease affects the roots of the plant, causing them to rot and die. To prevent root rot, ensure that the soil is well-draining and avoid overwatering. If root rot is present, remove the affected plant and dispose of it, being careful not to spread the disease to other plants.
By following these prevention and treatment methods, you can help ensure that your Cleome Multicaulis DC stays healthy and vibrant, free from pest and disease damage.
