Overview
Cleome linearifolia (Stephens) Dinter, also known as the Narrow-leaf Spider Flower, is a flowering plant species that belongs to the family Capparaceae. It is native to Southern Africa and can be found growing in a variety of habitats from rocky outcrops to grasslands.
Description
The Narrow-leaf Spider Flower is an annual herbaceous plant that can grow up to 60cm in height. Its stems are slender and branching, and the leaves are thin and linear up to 6cm long. The flowers are pink to purple in color and are borne on long stalks up to 8cm in length. It is a member of the Cleome genus, which is known for its spider-like flowers that have long, delicate stamens.
Uses
Cleome linearifolia is primarily used for ornamental purposes due to its showy flowers. It is often grown in gardens and has become a popular choice for cut flowers. The plant is also used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments such as fever, coughs, and gastrointestinal disorders. Some studies have even suggested that it has anti-cancer properties, although further research is needed to confirm this.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as the Narrow-leaf Spider Flower due to its thin, linear leaves and spider-like flowers. It is also referred to by a number of other common names depending on the region, including Wild Sweet Pea, Purple Spider Flower, and African Spider Flower, among others.
Light Requirements
Cleome linearifolia thrives in full sun or partial shade, with a preference for receiving sunlight for at least six hours a day. Insufficient sunlight leads to a leggy plant with fewer blooms.
Temperature Requirements
The typical growth temperature for Cleome linearifolia is between 60°F to 75°F. Although Cleome linearifolia can tolerate a temperature range of 40°F to 90°F, it cannot survive frost or extreme heat. Temperatures above 75°F may cause the plants to bolt and reduce the number of blooms.
Soil Requirements
Cleome linearifolia thrives in well-draining soils that are moderately fertile and slightly acidic with a pH of 5.8 to 6.5. It prefers soils with good organic matter content and a sandy loam texture. Overly rich soil or slow-draining soil can lead to root rot, and heavy clay soil can suffocate the root system, resulting in stunted growth. Adding compost and sand to the soil can improve drainage and texture, providing a better environment for Cleome linearifolia to grow.
Cultivation
Cleome linearifolia is an easy-to-grow plant that thrives well in both direct and indirect sunlight. The plant prefers a well-drained, slightly acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 7.0. It can tolerate a wide range of temperatures between 60 and 85 °F, making it ideal for both indoor and outdoor cultivation.
Watering needs
Watering Cleome linearifolia largely depends on the environmental conditions of the plant's location. In hot and dry areas, the plant requires regular watering to keep the soil evenly moist. Outdoor plants require watering every 4-5 days while indoor plants can be watered once a week. It is advised to avoid over-watering the plant as it can lead to root rot.
Fertilization
Cleome linearifolia is not a heavy feeder, but applying fertilizer can significantly improve its growth. It is recommended to apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer once every month during the growing season. The fertilizer should be applied around the base of the plant and watered afterward to help it soak into the soil.
Pruning
Cleome linearifolia requires minimal pruning, but it can become leggy if not cared for properly. To keep the plant looking its best, it is recommended to pinch back the tips of the plant periodically. This will encourage bushy growth and prevent the plant from becoming too tall and spindly. Deadheading, or removing spent flowers, can also help the plant redirect energy to growing new flowers.
Propagation of Cleome linearifolia (Stephens) Dinter
Cleome linearifolia (Stephens) Dinter is commonly known as Rocky Mountain beeplant due to its attraction towards bees. This plant can grow up to 1-3 feet and bloom during the summer. Propagation of Cleome linearifolia can be achieved through two methods: seeds and stem cuttings.
Propagation by seeds
The propagation of Cleome linearifolia plants can be done by sowing seeds. Seeds can be harvested from the plant after the blooming season in late summer. Collect the seed pods, and dry them in a cool, dark place for two weeks. After two weeks, the seeds can be extracted from the pods.
The next step is to sow the seeds in a pot or directly into the soil. Sow the seeds ¼ inch deep in light, sandy soil and water thoroughly. The seeds will germinate in about two weeks, and when the seedlings get to about three inches tall, transplant them to their permanent location.
Propagation by stem cuttings
The second method of propagation of Cleome linearifolia is through stem cuttings. The best time of year to take cuttings is in late spring when the plants are actively growing. Take cuttings from the green, non-woody stems that are about 6 inches long. Remove the lower leaves on the cutting and dip the cut end of the stem into rooting hormone.
Next, plant the stem cutting in a pot filled with moist, well-drained soil mix. Cover the pot with a plastic bag to retain moisture. Rooting will occur within four to six weeks, and the plant can be transplanted to its permanent location in the garden.
Propagation of Cleome linearifolia through seeds or stem cuttings is an easy process that can result in a beautiful garden in just a few months.
Disease and Pest Management for Cleome linearifolia (Stephens) Dinter
Cleome linearifolia is a drought-tolerant plant that usually thrives in areas with rocky soil, often found in the drylands of Africa. However, like any plant species, it is susceptible to various diseases and pests that can affect its growth and ultimately reduce its yield.
Common Diseases of Cleome linearifolia
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that often affects Cleome linearifolia, especially during the wet season. It appears like a white or gray powdery substance on the leaves, stems, and flowers. To manage and prevent powdery mildew, it is advisable to avoid overhead watering and practice good air circulation. You can also apply fungicides to control the spread of the disease.
Verticillium wilt is another fungal disease that can affect Cleome linearifolia. It is characterized by yellowing leaves, premature defoliation, and wilting, which eventually lead to plant death. To manage this disease, it is vital to maintain soil moisture, sanitize garden tools, and remove infected plants to prevent the spread of the disease. Crop rotation can also reduce the chances of Verticillium wilt occurrence.
Common Pests of Cleome linearifolia
The common pests that affect Cleome linearifolia include aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the sap of plants, causing stunted growth and deformation. Spider mites, on the other hand, are tiny pests that suck sap and leave small yellow patches on the leaves. Whiteflies are small insects that often feed on the undersides of leaves and cause yellowing and wilting.
To control pests, you can use natural predators like ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps. You may also apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to keep the pests at bay. It is essential to practice proper hygiene, remove weed hosts, and promptly dispose of infected plant matter to prevent the spread of pests.
In conclusion, Cleome linearifolia is a hardy plant that requires minimal care and attention. However, it is not immune to diseases and pests, which can impact its overall growth and health. By employing good cultural practices and using natural pest management strategies, you can keep your Cleome linearifolia healthy and thriving.
