Overview
Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb. var. glandulosa (Forssk.) Botsch. is a flowering plant that belongs to the Cleomaceae family. It is commonly known as African spider flower and is native to Africa, southeastern Europe, and southwestern Asia.
Appearance
The African spider flower is a tall, herbaceous plant that can grow up to 3 feet tall. It has palmate leaves with 5-7 leaflets that are lance-shaped and toothed. The plant produces clusters of pink or purple flowers that are incredibly beautiful and fragrant. It has a long flowering period, starting in early summer and lasting until late fall.
Uses
The African spider flower has several uses. In traditional African medicine, it is used to treat a range of ailments, including infections, malaria, and stomach problems. The leaves are also used in cooking and are added to soups and stews for their nutritional value. In gardens, the plant is valued for its ornamental qualities and is often grown as a cut flower. The flowers are also attractive to bees and butterflies, so it is frequently used in pollinator gardens.
Light Requirements
The Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb. var. glandulosa (Forssk.) Botsch. plants require bright sunlight to grow well. They do not tolerate shade and require at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. Inadequate sunlight can result in stunted growth, poor flowering, and reduced blooming time.
Temperature Requirements
These plants thrive in warm temperatures ranging from 70-85°F (21-29°C). They cannot withstand colder temperatures and may die if exposed to frost. As such, they grow best in tropical or subtropical climates where the temperature remains warm throughout the year.
Water Requirements
These plants require consistent soil moisture to grow well. The soil should be kept evenly moist but not waterlogged, as that can lead to root rot. Regular watering during dry spells is essential as the plant cannot tolerate drought. It is important to avoid overhead watering as wet foliage can encourage fungal growth and leaf spot disease.
Soil Requirements
The plant thrives in well-drained soil rich in organic matter. A pH between 6.0 and 7.0 is ideal for growth. Heavy soils that retain water for long periods are not suitable for Cleome amblyocarpa plants. When planting, it is recommended to amend the soil with compost or peat moss to improve its texture and fertility.
Fertilizer Requirements
These plants are moderate feeders and benefit from regular fertilization with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer. Fertilizing once every two months during the growing season is recommended. Over-fertilization can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers.
Cultivation Methods
Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb. var. glandulosa (Forssk.) Botsch., also known as Rocky Mountain Beeplant, grows best in well-draining soil. It requires full sun exposure and has a hardiness zone of 6-9. This plant species can be propagated through seeds or cuttings.
Watering Needs
Rocky Mountain Beeplant prefers moderate watering, with a focus on deep watering to encourage healthy and deep roots. The plant should not be allowed to dry out for an extended period, but care should be taken to avoid over-watering, which can lead to root rot.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization will help to promote healthy growth in the Rocky Mountain Beeplant. Fertilize the soil with a balanced fertilizer during planting, and continue to fertilize monthly during the growing season. Be sure to carefully follow the manufacturer's instructions when applying fertilizer.
Pruning
Pruning is essential for maintaining the overall health and shape of the plant. Prune the plant regularly to maintain its desired size and shape. Deadheading can also be done to encourage the plant to continue blooming throughout the growing season.
Propagation of Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb. var. glandulosa (Forssk.) Botsch.
Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb. var. glandulosa (Forssk.) Botsch., also known as spider flower, can be propagated by both seeds and stem cuttings.
Propagation by Seeds
The most common method of propagating spider flower is through seeds. The best time to sow the seeds is in early spring, after the danger of frost has passed and the temperature of the soil has warmed up.
The seeds should be planted in well-draining soil and covered with a light layer of soil. Water the soil regularly to keep it moist but not too wet. The seeds will germinate in 7 to 14 days, depending on the temperature of the soil.
Once the seedlings are big enough, they can be transplanted to their permanent location. It is recommended to space the plants about 18 to 24 inches apart.
Propagation by Stem Cuttings
Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb. var. glandulosa (Forssk.) Botsch. can also be propagated by stem cuttings. This method is best done in the spring or summer.
To propagate spider flower by stem cuttings, take a cutting from a healthy plant that is about 6 inches long. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the cutting and dip the cut end into rooting hormone powder.
Plant the cutting in moist, well-draining soil and water it regularly. Keep the cutting out of direct sunlight until roots have formed, which usually takes about 2 to 3 weeks.
Once the roots have formed, the new plant can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Disease and Pest Management for Cleome amblyocarpa var. glandulosa
Cleome amblyocarpa var. glandulosa is a hardy plant that can thrive in various growing conditions, but it is still vulnerable to several diseases and pests that can harm its growth and yield. Proper plant care and management can help prevent these issues from occurring or spreading, but if they do, intervention may be necessary to protect the plant.
Common Diseases
Some of the most common diseases that can affect Cleome amblyocarpa var. glandulosa include:
- Powdery mildew: This is a fungal disease that appears as a white, powdery substance on leaves, stems, and flowers. It can cause yellowing, wilting, and stunted growth. To manage this, try to maintain good air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Fungicides may be necessary for severe cases.
- Leaf spot: This fungal disease causes dark spots to develop on leaves. It can lead to premature leaf drop and reduced plant vigor. Remove and dispose of any affected leaves and avoid overhead watering. Fungicides may also be useful.
- Root rot: This disease is caused by overwatering or poorly drained soil. It can cause the roots to rot and the plant to wilt and die. To manage this, ensure the soil is well-draining, and avoid overwatering the plant.
Common Pests
Cleome amblyocarpa var. glandulosa can also be affected by several pests, such as:
- Aphids: These small insects feed on the plant's sap, causing it to wilt and yellow. They also excrete a sticky substance that can attract other pests. To manage this, try spraying the plant with a forceful stream of water or using insecticidal soap.
- Spider mites: These pests are tiny and hard to see, but their webbing is easily noticeable. They can cause yellowing, wilting, and stunted growth. To manage this, try increasing the humidity around the plant, or using insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Thrips: These pests are tiny and slender, and they feed on the plant's sap, causing it to deform and discolor. They can also spread plant viruses. To manage this, try using sticky traps, insecticidal soap, or neem oil.
Regularly checking your plant for signs of disease or pest infestations and acting quickly can help prevent further damage. Implementing proper cultural practices, such as regular watering, proper pruning, and fertilization, can also help the plant resist diseases and pests.
