Overview
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore, also known as the African spider flower, is a flowering plant native to southern Africa, particularly in the Cape Province of South Africa. This plant belongs to the family Apiaceae and is a member of the Carotineae clade.General Appearance
The African spider flower is a small, herbaceous plant that typically grows up to around 30cm in height and spreads over a width of 50cm. It has an upright, branching stem with dark green, long and narrow leaves. The flowers of Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore are the highlight of the plant, coiled up in a cluster of 20-40, and bearing striking dark red, pink or yellow, spider-like petals that are curved inwards into a tube.Common Names
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore is known by several common names such as African spider flower, African carrot, and African hogweed.Uses
The African spider flower has several uses. In Africa, the roots of this plant are known to have medicinal properties and are used to cure a variety of diseases. The traditional medicine of the Khoisan communities uses its root decoction to treat constipation, heart and kidney problems, and gynecological issues. Besides its medicinal uses, Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore is used as an ornamental plant in gardens, borders, and containers, where it is grown for its attractive and unique flowers that bloom in the summer. Its long flowering period makes it an attractive option to incorporate in mixed borders.Growth Conditions for Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore is a type of plant that belongs to the family of Dipterocarpaceae. The plant is commonly found in tropical countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. The following discusses the typical growth conditions required for Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore
Light Requirements
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore commonly grows in bright and direct sunlight. Therefore, the plant requires full sunlight exposure to ensure its healthy growth. The plant thrives in bright and sunny locations and may not grow to the fullest if placed in shaded areas.
Temperature Requirements
The optimum temperature for Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore growth is between 27-32°C. This plant grows best under warm and humid climatic conditions. It may not do well under cold temperatures below 20°C or very high temperatures above 36°C.
Soil Requirements
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore grows well in well-drained sandy or loamy soils. The soil must be rich in organic matter and have a slightly acidic pH level (between 5.5- 6.8). The plant cannot do well in poorly-drained or waterlogged soils as it may cause root-rotting and affect the overall growth of the plant.
Cultivation Methods for Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore
Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore is a tropical plant that grows well in warm climates. It requires a well-draining soil mix, a consistent temperature range of 60-85°F, and partial to full sunlight exposure for healthy growth. It is best to avoid temperatures below 50°F and keep the plant away from drafts or freezing temperatures.
Watering Needs of Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore
Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore requires moderate watering, and the soil must be allowed to dry out between waterings. When watering, it is advisable to do so thoroughly, ensuring that the water reaches the root system. It is possible to use tap water provided that the quality of the water is suitable for plants.
Fertilization of Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore
Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore benefits from regular fertilization. Fertilization can be done once every month using a slow-release fertilizer like 14-14-14 Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (NPK) complex. Alternatively, you can use a balanced liquid fertilizer applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. Be sure not to over-fertilize the plant.
Pruning of Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore
Clathrospermum Biovulatum S.Moore requires little to moderate pruning to retain its shape or control growth. Any yellowing or dead leaves must be removed as soon as possible to prevent the spread of any disease or pests. Propagation can also be done through pruning cuttings, which can be rooted in soil or water.
Propagation of Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore, also known as the African woven-leaf plant, is a hardy evergreen plant that can be propagated via several methods, including seed propagation, vegetative propagation, and cutting propagation.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is a reliable and straightforward method of propagating Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore. To propagate through seeds, collect ripe fruit and extract the seeds, then cleanse and soak in warm water for about 24 hours to soften the seed coat.
After soaking, plant the seeds in a mixture of well-draining soil and sand, ensuring that they are not buried too deep in the soil. Keep the soil moist and warm (around 25 °C) by covering with a clear plastic bag. The germination period ranges from two weeks to two months, depending on the seed's quality and the prevailing conditions.
Vegetative Propagation
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore can also be propagated vegetatively through rhizome division. Locate healthy rhizomes and cut them into sections with two to three growth buds, ensuring that each piece contains sufficient roots and shoots. Plant the segments in well-draining soil with sand, cover with plastic, and keep them moist.
Another vegetative propagation method is air layering. Select a healthy stem and remove the leaves, then make a cut on the stem and pack the cut area with moss, which should be kept moist. Wrap the moss with plastic, keeping it tight on both sides of the cut. In a few weeks, roots will develop, and you can separate the new plant from the main stem and plant it in a new pot.
Cutting Propagation
Cutting propagation is another popular method of propagating Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore. Take cuttings from healthy stems, keeping them at a length of around 15cm, including a few leaves at the top. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in a well-draining, sand-filled soil mix. Place the pot in a warm, bright area and keep the soil moist.
The cutting will establish roots in about a month and will be ready for transplanting at around six months.
Disease and Pest Management for Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore
Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore, also known as African Bubble Bush, is a hardy plant that is generally resistant to diseases and pests. However, it can still be affected by a few common problems that gardeners should be aware of.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that can affect Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore is leaf spot. This fungal disease causes brown or black spots on the leaves that can eventually kill the entire leaf. To manage this disease, it is important to remove any infected leaves and dispose of them properly to prevent the spores from spreading.
Another fungal disease that can affect this plant is powdery mildew, which appears as a white or gray powdery coating on the leaves. This disease can be managed by ensuring that the plant is not overcrowded and promoting good air circulation around the plant.
Common Pests
The most common pests that can affect Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore are aphids and spider mites. Aphids are small, pear-shaped insects that suck sap from the plant, causing stunted growth and distorted leaves. Spider mites are tiny pests that can be identified by the fine webbing they create on the plant. They also feed on the sap of the plant and can cause damage to the leaves.
To manage these pests, it is important to regularly inspect the plant for any signs of infestation. If caught early, aphids and spider mites can be controlled by spraying the plant with a strong stream of water to wash them off. Alternatively, insecticidal soap or neem oil can be used to control both of these pests.
It is important to note that while Clathrospermum biovulatum S.Moore is generally resistant to diseases and pests, it can still be affected. Regular monitoring and early detection are key to managing any problems that may arise.
