Introduction
×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore is a hybrid plant that has a unique blend of characteristics from different species. It belongs to the Rutaceae family, which is commonly known as the citrus family.Origin
The ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore was introduced by James Ingram and Henry Moore in the early 1900s. They were hybridizing different citrus species to develop a plant that was resistant to frost. This hybrid plant was created by crossing a lemon, Citrus limon, and a trifoliate orange, Poncirus trifoliata.Common Names
The ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore is commonly known by several names, including Citrange, Trifoliate Orange, and Japanese Lime. These names are derived from the plant's characteristics and history.Appearance
The ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore has a unique appearance, which is a blend of its parent plants. It has a small, round shape, similar to a lemon, and its skin has a deep orange color, similar to that of an orange. The plant also has three leaves, which are characteristic of its trifoliate parent. The leaves are glossy and green, providing an aesthetic appeal to the plant.Uses
×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore has several uses. It is commonly used as a rootstock for citrus plants due to its frost resistance and rootstock compatibility. The plant is also used in the production of marmalade due to its distinctive flavor. In addition, it is used in the perfume industry due to its lemon-like aroma.Light Requirements
The plant ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore requires full sun exposure for optimal growth. Therefore, it is best to plant it in an area where it can receive at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight each day. Inadequate light can result in poor growth and reduced fruit production.
Temperature Requirements
The plant ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore thrives in warm climates. It can withstand temperatures as low as 25°F (-4°C) without experiencing damage. However, it prefers temperatures between 40°F and 80°F (4°C and 27°C). Prolonged exposure to high temperatures above 95°F (35°C) can affect the plant's growth and fruit quality.
Soil Requirements
This plant prefers a well-draining soil that is slightly acidic and rich in organic matter. The pH of the soil should be between 5.5 and 6.5. It can be grown in both sandy and loamy soils. The plant ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore is not tolerant of waterlogged soils. Therefore, the soil should allow for adequate drainage. It is also important to ensure that the soil is kept evenly moist throughout the growing season.
Cultivation methods
The ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore, commonly known as citrangequat, is a popular ornamental plant that is grown for its attractive foliage and edible fruits. This plant is typically propagated through cutting or budding and thrives in a warm climate. A well-draining soil mix rich in organic matter is recommended for this plant. It is best to choose a sunny location and a sheltered spot for planting the plant.
Watering needs
The citrangequat requires consistent watering, especially during the summer months, to maintain healthy growth. Watering should be done when the soil feels dry to the touch. Overwatering can lead to root rot, while underwatering can cause the plant to wither. Adequate moisture balance is essential for the healthy growth of this plant.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization is crucial to keep the plant healthy and to promote fruit production. A balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 8-8-8 is ideal for the citrangequat. Fertilizing should be done at least once every two months during the growing season. Over-fertilizing can lead to nutrient burn, so it's important to follow the recommended dosage on the label.
Pruning
Pruning is an essential practice that helps the citrangequat to maintain its shape and promote healthy growth. This plant should be pruned in late winter or early spring before new growth starts. Deadwood and weak branches should be removed to encourage healthy new growth. The plant may require light pruning throughout the year to keep its shape and size within control.
Propagation of ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore
×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore, commonly known as Citrangequat, is a hybrid plant that is obtained by crossing a trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) and a citron (Citrus medica). As this hybrid plant is sterile, it is propagated by vegetative methods only.
Cutting Propagation
Cutting propagation is the most common method to propagate Citrangequat. A stem cutting with a diameter of 0.5 to 0.8 cm and a length of 10 to 15 cm is collected from a healthy and disease-free parent plant in the spring or summer season. The lower leaves are removed, and the cutting is dipped in a rooting hormone to stimulate root growth. The cutting is then planted in a pot filled with well-drained soil and kept in a warm and humid environment. It takes about 4-6 weeks for the cutting to produce roots, and then it can be transplanted into the field or a larger pot.
Budding
Budding is another method of propagation that can be used to propagate Citrangequat. In this method, a bud from the parent plant is taken and inserted into a slit made in the bark of a rootstock plant. The bud is then covered with a protective material to prevent desiccation, and after several weeks, the bud will start growing. Once the bud has grown enough, the rootstock plant is cut just above the bud, and the plant starts growing as a Citrangequat plant.
Grafting
Grafting is similar to budding but involves attaching a stem segment with a bud or several buds onto a rootstock. In Citrangequat propagation, t-budding and chip budding are used. The method involves cutting a part of the bark of the rootstock plant, and a scion with the same diameter is inserted into the cut. The joint is bound tightly with a tape, and the plant is kept in a warm and humid environment until it starts growing. Grafting is a faster method compared to cutting and budding and produces a good quantity of plant material in a short time.
Disease and Pest Management for ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore
Being a hybrid of lemon, kumquat, and citrange, ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore is relatively disease and pest resistant. However, proper care is still necessary to prevent any potential issues.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that affect ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore is root rot. Overwatering and poor drainage can cause the roots to decay and ultimately kill the plant. It can be prevented by ensuring proper soil drainage and avoiding overwatering. In case root rot still occurs, it is best to discard the infected plant and avoid planting another citrus plant in the same location.
Anothe disease is citrus scab, which appears as raised, scabby lesions on fruits and leaves. It is caused by a fungus that thrives in wet conditions. To control citrus scab, avoid watering the leaves and fruits and keep the area clean. If the disease is severe, use fungicides.
Common Pests
One of the most common pests that affect ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore is the citrus leafminer. The larvae of this moth burrow into the leaves, causing swirling patterns on the surface. It can weaken the tree and make it more susceptible to diseases. To manage this pest, prune heavily infested branches and use insecticides.
The Asian citrus psyllid is another pest that attacks citrus plants, including ×Citroncirus J. Ingram & H. Moore. This pest punctures leaf veins to feed, causing the leaves to turn yellow and the tree to decline. It also spreads the bacterial disease known as citrus greening. To manage this pest, spray insecticides, trim and remove any affected limbs, and monitor the tree for reinfestation.
Prevention is always better than cure. Therefore, it is important to maintain the plant's health and vigor by providing balanced nutrition, sufficient water, and adequate care and to regularly scout for any signs of disease or pest infestation.
