Origin
Chlorochorion foetidum (Verdc.) Puff & Robbr. is a plant species that originates from East Africa, specifically from Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Common names
Chlorochorion foetidum has several common names such as stinking gourd, cow killer, African cucumber, and mburura in Swahili.
Uses
This plant species is used for medicinal and culinary purposes. The roots and leaves are used traditionally in the treatment of various ailments such as coughs, diarrhea, stomach upsets, and snake bites. The fruit is edible and is used as a vegetable in various dishes. In addition, it is used as animal feed, and the tubers are used for weaving baskets and mats.
General appearance
Chlorochorion foetidum is a trailing and climbing plant with a length of up to 10 meters. It has a rough stem with small thorns and alternate leaves that are ovate, with serrated margins, and can reach a length of 12 cm. The plant produces yellow or greenish flowers and round or elliptical fruits that are covered in hair and have a foul-smelling odor.
Light Conditions
Chlorochorion foetidum typically requires a considerable amount of sunlight to grow well. As such, it is best suited for growth in bright, sunny locations. Exposing the plant to at least six hours of direct sunlight a day is height suggested. However, excessive sunlight can cause wilting and damage to the plant, so providing some shade during the hottest parts of the day may be necessary in extremely hot climates.
Temperature Conditions
The ideal temperature range for Chlorochorion foetidum growth is between 20 and 30?. It can tolerate warm temperatures above that range but may struggle to grow in temperatures below 15?. Therefore, it is best suited for zones 9-11 of the USDA hardiness zone map. If the growing conditions fall outside of these temperature ranges, it may be necessary to provide artificial heating or cooling.
Soil Requirements
Chlorochorion foetidum can grow in a wide variety of soil types. However, it prefers well-draining, sandy soils that have a slightly acidic to neutral pH level. The soil must be rich in organic matter and should not be compacted, as this could cause root rot. It is recommended to amend the soil with organic matter before planting, and regular fertilization may be necessary to ensure healthy growth.
Cultivation of Chlorochorion foetidum
Chlorochorion foetidum, commonly known as the stinking weed, is a low-growing perennial plant that is native to southern Africa. It is a hardy plant that adapts well to a variety of growing conditions. To cultivate this plant, choose a suitable location, prepare the soil, and plant the seedlings.
Chlorochorion foetidum prefers a well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0-7.0. It grows best in full sun or partial shade. It is drought-tolerant but requires regular watering during the dry season.
Watering needs of Chlorochorion foetidum
Watering is an essential part of Chlorochorion foetidum cultivation. The plant needs regular watering during the dry season to ensure its survival. Water the plants deeply once a week, or more frequently in hot weather. Avoid watering the leaves as this can encourage fungal diseases.
During the rainy season, reduce watering to avoid waterlogging, which can cause root rot.
Fertilization of Chlorochorion foetidum
Chlorochorion foetidum is a low-maintenance plant that does not require frequent fertilization. Fertilize the plant once or twice a year, using a balanced fertilizer. Apply the fertilizer in the early spring, just before the growing season, and again in the fall, just before the plant goes dormant.
Do not over-fertilize the plants, as this can cause excessive growth and reduce its overall health.
Pruning of Chlorochorion foetidum
Chlorochorion foetidum requires minimal pruning. The plant has a low-growing habit and does not require regular pruning to maintain its shape. However, if the plant becomes too bushy, you can trim it back to encourage new growth.
To prune, use sharp, clean scissors or gardening shears. Cut back the tips of the stems to the desired length, taking care not to cut into the woody stem. Remove any dead or damaged branches as well.
Propagation of Chlorochorion foetidum
Chlorochorion foetidum (Verdc.) Puff & Robbr. can be propagated through various methods including seeds, cuttings, division, and tissue culture.
Seeds
The easiest way to propagate Chlorochorion foetidum is through seeds. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining soil mix and kept moist. Germination usually takes between 1-2 weeks. The newly germinated seedlings should be gradually acclimatized to the outdoor environment.
Cuttings
Chlorochorion foetidum can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take 4-6 inch cuttings from the plant's new growth and remove the leaves from the bottom. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in a well-draining soil mix. Keep the soil moist and the cuttings should root in 2-4 weeks.
Division
Propagation through division involves separating the plant into multiple smaller plants. Chlorochorion foetidum can be divided by gently removing the plant from the container and separating it into smaller sections. Each section should have roots and a few leaves. Plant the sections in well-draining soil mix and keep the soil moist until new growth emerges.
Tissue culture
Tissue culture is a complex process that involves growing plant tissues or cells in a laboratory. It is a reliable and efficient way to produce large quantities of uniform plants. Chlorochorion foetidum can be propagated through tissue culture by taking small pieces of the plant's tissue and growing them in a sterile nutrient medium. The plantlets can then be transferred to soil once they have grown enough.
Disease Management
Chlorochorion foetidum (Verdc.) Puff & Robbr. is relatively resistant to diseases. However, some of the diseases that might affect the plant include:
- Leaf spot: The disease is caused by fungi such as Cercospora, Septoria, and Alternaria. Symptoms include yellow spots that turn brown with time. To manage the disease, remove the infected leaves and spray the plants with a fungicide.
- Root rot: The disease is caused by fungi such as Fusarium and Rhizoctonia. Symptoms include wilting, yellowing of leaves, and stunted growth. To manage the disease, avoid over-watering plants, improve soil drainage, and use fungicides.
Pest Management
Chlorochorion foetidum (Verdc.) Puff & Robbr. is generally pest-resistant. However, some of the pests that might affect the plant include:
- Aphids: These are small green insects that suck sap from plants, causing yellowing of leaves and stunted growth. To manage the pests, apply insecticidal soap or use a strong jet of water to spray the plants.
- Spider mites: These are tiny pests that suck sap from plants, causing yellowing of leaves and webbing. To manage the pests, apply insecticidal soap or use a strong jet of water to spray the plants.
