Overview
Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) Heller var. molokaiense Sherff, commonly known as Moloka'i 'Olapa, is a flowering plant species that belongs to the family Araliaceae. This plant is native to Hawaii, specifically found on the island of Moloka'i, where it is commonly found in the upland mixed mesic forests of the island.
General Appearance
The Moloka'i 'Olapa plant grows as a small to medium-sized tree, reaching up to 10m in height. The tree has a single trunk with a dense canopy composed of oval-shaped leaves that are 5 - 15cm long. These leaves are dark green, shiny, and slightly wavy around the edges. The plant produces small clusters of yellow-green flowers that bloom in the spring and develop into small, white fruits that are about 2.5mm in diameter.
Common Names
The Moloka'i 'Olapa plant is also commonly known by other names such as 'Olapa, three-styled cheirodendron, three-styled Hawaiian aralia, and Moloka?i alani.
Uses
The Moloka'i 'Olapa plant has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes by the Hawaiian community. The plant's bark was used to treat a variety of ailments such as fevers, headaches, and stomach pains. The tree's hardwood was also used in the construction of spears, poi pounders, and other tools. Today, the plant is appreciated for its ornamental value and is used in landscaping and reforestation projects.
Growth Conditions of Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff
Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to the island of Moloka'i in Hawai'i. Here are the typical growth conditions for this plant:
Light
As an understory species, Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense grows best in partial to full shade. Direct sunlight can cause leaf scorching, so it is important to provide some level of shade protection.
Temperature
The ideal temperature range for Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense is between 18°C and 23°C (64°F to 73°F). This plant prefers a cool, moist environment and can become stressed in hot, dry conditions.
Soil
Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense grows best in well-draining, slightly acidic soil with a pH range between 5.5 and 6.5. This plant also prefers soil that is rich in organic matter and can become stunted or yellow if nutrients are lacking.
Overall, Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense is a relatively low-maintenance plant that can thrive in the right growing conditions. Providing the right amount of light, temperature, and soil conditions is essential for the health and vitality of this species.
Cultivation
Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) Heller var. molokaiense Sherff is a plant species that is endemic to Hawaii and requires some attention to thrive. In cultivation, the plant prefers an environment with bright, indirect light and moderate humidity. It can do well in temperatures ranging from 60-75°F (16-24°C). Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) Heller var. molokaiense Sherff can be grown outdoors in warmer climates but should be monitored for signs of stress during hot weather.
Watering Needs
Watering is crucial for Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) Heller var. molokaiense Sherff to grow and remain healthy. It requires consistent watering with well-draining soil. It is essential to avoid allowing the soil to completely dry out. However, overwatering can also cause root rot, which can be harmful to the plant. A good way to determine whether the plant needs water is by sticking your finger in the soil. If it feels dry, it is time to water.
Fertilization
Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) Heller var. molokaiense Sherff is not a heavy feeder and does not require frequent fertilization. However, providing it with the necessary nutrients can promote its growth and health. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, every six months. Be sure to avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to the accumulation of salts in the soil, which can be harmful to the plant.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) Heller var. molokaiense Sherff to grow and remain healthy. However, it can help control the plant's shape and size. Remove any dead or diseased foliage as soon as possible. If the plant gets too tall or lanky, pinch off the tips to encourage branching and a bushier appearance. It is best to prune the plant in early spring to promote growth and prevent any harm to the plant.
Propagation of Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff
Propagating Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff can be a bit challenging, but it can be done through several methods. Take note that it is an endangered species, so it is essential to follow the proper procedures and guidelines to help preserve this plant.
Propagation by seeds
The seeds of Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff can be difficult to collect because the plant produces seeds sporadically and not annually. It is best to get the seeds from a reputable seed dealer or a conservation organization that specializes in Hawaiian plant propagation. When planting, use a well-draining soil mix and stratify the seed for at least 30 days. After stratification, plant the seeds and keep the soil moist. It may take several months for the seeds to germinate.
Propagation by cuttings
Propagating Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff by cuttings is not common due to the plant's woody nature. However, it is possible to propagate stem cuttings if taken during the plant's active growth period. Cuttings should be about 6 inches long, taken from the tip of a healthy stem, and rooted in well-draining soil. Keep the soil moist and provide good airflow to avoid fungal diseases. It may take several months for the cuttings to root, and not all cuttings will root successfully.
Propagation by tissue culture
Tissue culture can be an effective way to propagate Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff on a large scale. It involves taking a small piece of the plant's tissue and growing it in vitro under sterile conditions. This method can produce large numbers of plants with identical characteristics. However, tissue culture requires specialized equipment and expertise, making it expensive and challenging for small-scale growers.
Disease Management
Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff is not commonly affected by severe disease problems. However, here are some of the common diseases that may affect the plant:
- Leaf spot: Yellow to brown spots form on leaves. To avoid this disease, avoid watering the plant from overhead and remove any infected leaves and plants to prevent further spread. Fungicides can be used.
- Root rot: Wet soils can cause root rot in the plant. To manage this disease, avoid overwatering the plant and improve soil drainage. Fungicides can also be used.
- Anthracnose: This is a fungal disease that affects leaves, stems, and fruit. Infected plants should be removed and destroyed, and the surrounding plants should be sprayed with fungicides.
Pest Management
Here are the common pests that may affect Cheirodendron trigynum var. molokaiense Sherff:
- Aphids: They suck the sap from leaves and growing tips, resulting in distorted growth. To manage aphids, you can use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Ladybird beetles and lacewings are natural predators of aphids.
- Mealybugs: They are sap-sucking insects that cause yellowing and stunting of the plant. You can control them by wiping down the plant with an alcohol-soaked cotton swab. Insecticidal soap can also be used.
- Spider mites: They are tiny pests that cause leaf discoloration. Spider mites thrive in dry conditions. You can control spider mites by increasing humidity levels and using insecticidal soap.
- Scale insects: They produce a sticky substance called honeydew that attracts ants and causes sooty mold growth on the leaves. You can manage scale insects by wiping the scale off with a cotton swab soaked in rubbing alcohol with insecticidal soap.
