Overview
Chamaesyce celastroides (Boiss.) Croizat & Deg. var. waikoluensis (Sherff) O. & I. Deg., is a succulent plant that belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. It is also known as Waikoloa Sandmat or Waikoloa Spurge. This plant is native to the Hawaiian Islands.
Appearance
The Chamaesyce celastroides (Boiss.) Croizat & Deg. var. waikoluensis (Sherff) O.& I. Deg. plant usually grows up to 20 cm tall and has a spread of about 50 cm. It has small, fleshy, green leaves that grow opposite to each other along the stem. The leaves are oval, hairless, and about 1.2 cm long. The stem is usually reddish-brown and has pairs of tiny flowers that bloom throughout the year. The fruit produced by the plant is about 2-4 mm wide, three-lobed, and produces three tiny seeds.
Uses
The Chamaesyce celastroides (Boiss.) Croizat & Deg. var. waikoluensis (Sherff) O.& I. Deg. plant has a few medicinal uses. The latex produced by the plant is believed to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat insect bites, burns, and other skin irritations. The plant is also used in traditional Hawaiian medicine to treat various illnesses, such as stomach ailments, toothache, and fever. In addition, this plant is used as an ornamental plant and makes a great addition to rock gardens or succulent gardens.
Overall, the Chamaesyce celastroides (Boiss.) Croizat & Deg. var. waikoluensis (Sherff) O.& I. Deg. plant is a unique and beautiful succulent that has a few practical uses.Growth Conditions for Chamaesyce Celastroides var. Waikoluensis
Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis is a plant native to Hawaii that thrives in a variety of environments. Understanding the typical growth conditions can help gardeners and plant enthusiasts cultivate it successfully. Here we discuss the light, temperature, and soil requirements for this species.
Light Requirements
Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis prefers bright light but can grow in partial to full shade as well. This plant can adapt well to different light conditions, but if grown in too much shade, it may become leggy and have fewer leaves. Therefore, it is best to provide it with some direct sunlight each day.
Temperature Requirements
This plant is adapted to the warm tropical climates of Hawaii. It prefers a mild temperature range between 20°C to 27°C (68°F-80°F). Cooler temperatures can cause this tropical to sub-tropical plant to go dormant, but it can tolerate colder temperatures down to 10°C (50°F) as long as it is not for prolonged periods.
Soil Requirements
Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis grows best in well-draining soil, as it is susceptible to root rot. A good soil mix for this plant is a 2:1 ratio of a succulent potting mix, or cactus soil, and perlite, which provides excellent drainage. The ideal soil pH for this plant is between 6.0 to7.0.
As a final note, it is essential to note that regular pruning is beneficial for this species, as it can help shape the plant and encourage new growth. By following these growth requirements, cultivators can expect this plant to thrive and flourish in their gardens.
Cultivation
Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis is a perennial plant that is native to Hawaii. It is relatively easy to cultivate and can be grown in containers or in the ground.
The first step in cultivation is to choose a location that receives plenty of sunlight. The plant prefers well-draining soil, and it is important to ensure that the area doesn't become waterlogged.
If growing the plant in a container, choose a pot that is at least 10 inches in diameter to allow the roots to spread out. Fill the container with a well-draining potting mix that is rich in nutrients.
Watering Needs
Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis prefers consistently moist soil. However, it is important not to overwater the plant, as this can lead to root rot.
Water the plant deeply once a week, taking care not to wet the foliage. During periods of extreme heat or drought, the plant may require more frequent watering.
Fertilization
Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis can benefit from a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer. Apply the fertilizer in the spring and summer, following the manufacturer's instructions.
Avoid fertilizing the plant in the fall and winter, as this is the plant's dormant period.
Pruning
Pruning Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis is essential for maintaining its shape and promoting healthy growth. Prune the plant in the spring, just before the growing season begins.
Cut back any dead or damaged stems, and remove any growth that is crossing or rubbing against other stems. You can also pinch back the tips of the plant to encourage bushier growth.
For container-grown plants, you can also consider repotting every two to three years to refresh the potting mix and give the roots more room to grow.
Propagation of Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis
Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis, commonly known as Waikoloa spurge, is a low-growing perennial subshrub that is native to Hawaii. As a native plant, it plays an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of the Hawaiian ecosystem. Propagation is an important aspect of plant conservation as it allows for the expansion and preservation of species populations.
Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative propagation is one method of propagating Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis. This method involves taking a cutting from an existing plant and using it to grow a new plant. To propagate through cuttings, select a healthy stem and make a 2-3 inch cutting. Remove the leaves from the bottom inch of the cutting and dip the end in rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in a well-draining potting mix and keep it moist until new growth appears.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is another method of propagating Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis. Collect mature seeds from the plant and allow them to dry for a few days. Sow the seeds in a well-draining potting mix and cover with a thin layer of soil. Keep the soil moist and warm until germination occurs.
Division Propagation
Division propagation is a method of propagation that involves dividing the root ball of a mature plant into smaller sections, each with its own stem and roots. To propagate through division, use a sharp knife to separate the root ball into as many sections as desired. Each section should have a healthy stem and roots. Plant each division in a well-draining potting mix and keep it moist until new growth appears.
Disease and Pest Management for Chamaesyce celastroides (Boiss.) Croizat & Deg. var. waikoluensis (Sherff) O. & I. Deg.
Like other plants, Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis is susceptible to pests and diseases that can negatively affect its growth and health. Therefore, it's crucial to take measures to manage and prevent these issues. Here are some of the common problems that this plant may encounter and how to handle them:
Pests
Mealybugs: These insects suck sap from the plant, which can cause stunted growth, leaf drop, and distortion. Mealybugs are typically found on leaves' undersides and are identified as small, cotton-like masses. To manage them, use neem oil, insecticidal soap, or rubbing alcohol to remove them from the plant. Keep the plant clean and free from debris to prevent mealybug infestation.
Spider Mites: These tiny mites are more challenging to spot because they are too small. They cause leaf yellowing, stunted growth, and webbing. Use neem oil, insecticidal soap, or horticultural oil to manage spider mites. Avoid using broad-spectrum pesticides as they could harm beneficial insects and predators.
Scale insects: These pests are oval-shaped and often found on stems and leaves. Scale insects suck plant sap and excrete a sticky, sugary substance called honeydew, which can attract ants and encourage fungal growth. Manage scale insects with neem oil, insecticidal soap, or horticultural oil. Also, keep plants clean and dust-free to prevent infestation.
Diseases
Fungal diseases: Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis is prone to different fungal diseases, including Leaf Spot, Powdery Mildew, and Root rot. These diseases cause leaf browning, wilting, and plant death. To manage fungal diseases, improve plant spacing, provide proper air circulation, and avoid overhead watering. Remove and destroy any infected plant parts, and use fungicides where necessary.
Bacterial diseases: Bacterial diseases are less common but may occur. The most typical bacterial disease that affects Chamaesyce celastroides is Bacterial leaf spot. This disease causes black spots on leaves, and it's spread by water and through infected plant debris. To prevent the spread of the disease, avoid overhead watering, and prune infected leaves. There's no known cure for bacterial diseases, so it's best to manage them by improving cultural practices and avoid spreading the diseases.
When controlling pests and diseases, it's crucial to use non-toxic methods as much as possible. They're safe for the plant, the environment, and beneficial organisms that could help keep pests and diseases under control.
