Overview
Cetrariella delisei (Bory ex Schaerer) Karnefelt & Thell is a lichenized fungus that belongs to the Parmeliaceae family. Its characteristic features are the distinct brown apothecia and abundant soredia. This species is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and has many common names, including "delicate tuft moss" and "brown-eyed scale lichen".
Appearance
Cetrariella delisei is a small foliose lichen with a diameter of 2-3cm. Its lobes are elongated with rounded tips, and the upper surface is yellowish-green to olive-brown in color. The underside is brownish-black, and the margins are irregularly crenate and incised. The apothecia are dark brownish-black and disk-shaped, measuring typically 0.5-1.5mm in diameter, while the soredia are abundant and pale greenish-yellow.
Uses
Cetrariella delisei is not used commercially; however, it is an essential species in various ecological processes. It is a source of food for many organisms, including insects and ungulates. Additionally, it plays a role in nitrogen fixation and recycling of organic matter in the ecosystem. It has also been used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as respiratory problems.
Distribution and Habitat
Cetrariella delisei is commonly distributed in North America, Asia, Europe, and parts of Africa. It thrives in a variety of habitats, including moist and shady forests, bogs, and swamps. It is common on the bark of trees, including birches, firs, and spruces. The species can also grow on rocks and soil, where it provides an essential function as part of the soil biota.
Light Requirements
Cetrariella delisei is a lichen species that grows in shaded or semi-shaded areas. It is commonly found growing on soil or rocks under the canopy of trees.
Temperature Requirements
This lichen species prefers a cool and moist environment. It is typically found in regions with temperate climates, such as mountainous areas, where the temperature ranges between 0°C to 21°C.
Soil Requirements
Cetrariella delisei is not a true plant, but a lichen formed by the mutualistic symbiosis of fungus and algae. As such, it does not require soil for growth. Instead, it primarily grows on rocks or other hard substrates that provide a stable attachment point and allow for effective moisture retention.
Cultivation
Cetrariella delisei is a lichen species commonly found growing on rocks, shrubs, or trees in alpine regions of Europe. It is a slow-growing and delicate plant, making it essential to follow the proper cultivation methods to encourage optimal growth and development.
To cultivate Cetrariella delisei, you will need to replicate the natural environment where it thrives. This species prefers a cool and damp environment, with a temperature range between 10 to 19°C. You can cultivate this lichen indoors in a terrarium or outdoors in a shaded area with good air circulation.
Watering Needs
Watering Cetrariella delisei requires an accurate balance. Overwatering can lead to the development of fungi and algae on the surface of the lichen. Meanwhile, underwatering can cause the lichen to dry up and become brittle.
The ideal watering frequency is once a week, but it may depend on temperature and humidity levels. The water used should be clean, without chlorine or additives, and applied gently using a misting spray or a watering can.
Fertilization
Cetrariella delisei is a slow-growing lichen that does not require any fertilization regularly. However, if you notice the lichen's growth is stunted, you can add a minimal amount of a liquid fertilizer mixed in water and apply it once a month during the growing season.
It is crucial to avoid using any fertilizer with high nitrogen levels since this can promote the growth of harmful bacteria that can damage the Cetrariella delisei root system.
Pruning
Cetrariella delisei does not require pruning since it is a low-maintenance lichen species that grows slowly. However, you may need to remove any dead leaves, twigs, or other debris that may collect on the plant's surface.
If you intend to maintain a specific shape and size of the lichen plant, you can gently prune it using sterilized pruning scissors. Cut back any overgrown branches to a section where you see a new growth of lichen to encourage new growth in that area.
Propagation of Cetrariella delisei:
Propagation of Cetrariella delisei can be done using two methods, vegetative propagation and sexual propagation. Below are the methods for each:
Vegetative Propagation:
Cetrariella delisei can be propagated vegetatively through the division of its thallus. This method works for species with dichotomous branching, and Cetrariella delisei falls under this category. The process involves the separation of the thallus into small pieces, which are then cultured in sterile soil. The new plants formed can then be transplanted into new soil.
Sexual Propagation:
Cetrariella delisei can also be propagated sexually through the use of spores. Like most lichens, Cetrariella delisei produces spores that can germinate and develop into new plants. The spores are usually dispersed by wind and can be collected and cultured in a laboratory setting. The process involves creating a suitable environment for the germination of the spores, which usually involves a sterile culture medium. Once germinated, the spores grow into small plants that can be transplanted into suitable growth media.
Disease and Pest Management for Cetrariella delisei
Cetrariella delisei is a type of lichen that may face certain diseases and pests. Here are some common ones and ways to manage them:
Diseases
1. Bacterial infection: Bacterial infections usually occur due to poor air circulation or high humidity. It results in the spotting and discoloration of the thallus. To manage this, remove the infected parts and ensure proper air circulation.
2. Fungal infection: Fungal infections can be recognized by the browning or blackening of the tips of the lichen thallus. They can be managed by spraying the thallus with a copper-based fungicide and keeping the area dry.
Pests
1. Snails: Snails can cause physical damage to the lichen thallus. To manage this, manually remove them or use organic snail repellents like coffee grounds or eggshells.
2. Spider Mites: Spider mites suck the sap from the lichen thallus resulting in stunted growth or death of the lichen. To manage this, spray the thallus with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
3. Aphids: Aphids can cause severe damage to the lichen thallus by giving rise to sooty mold. To manage this, remove the aphids manually or use insecticidal soap spray.
By taking these measures, you can ensure the health and wellbeing of your Cetrariella delisei plant and prevent any damage caused due to diseases and pests.
