Overview of Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm.
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. is a species of cactus belonging to the family Cactaceae. This cactus is also commonly known as the Arizona nightblooming cereus, desert nightblooming cereus, or the queen of the night. It is a slow-growing cactus, but it can grow up to 6 feet tall and 3 feet wide.
Origin and Distribution
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. is native to the southwestern United States, particularly in the states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. It is also found in Mexico. This cactus prefers to grow in areas with well-drained soils, rocky slopes, and open woodlands.
Appearance
This cactus is distinguishable because of its green, cylindrical stems that can grow up to 6 feet tall and 3 feet wide. The stems have vertical ridges and are covered with areoles - small bumps where spines and flowers grow. The spines are relatively short, about 1 inch in length and can range in color from black to brown or gray. During summer evenings, this plant produces beautiful fragrant white flowers that can be as wide as 8 inches, and they last for a single night.
Uses
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. is primarily grown as an ornamental plant. This cactus can be grown both in containers or planted directly into the soil, serving as a beautiful landscape accent. Hikers and outdoor enthusiasts may also come across this plant in its native habitat, and it is an excellent subject for photography. In traditional medicine, this cactus has been used to treat minor infections and skin injuries, but there is no scientific research that supports its effectiveness.
Light Requirements
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. thrives in bright, indirect sunlight. It is ideal to place them near a west or south-facing window. However, direct sunlight can scorch its leaves, so it's best to protect from harsh midday sun.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers to grow in temperatures ranging from 60-85°F (15-29°C). It's essential to maintain consistent temperatures and avoid drastic fluctuations that could harm growth and development.
Soil Requirements
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. requires well-draining, porous soil that allows water to flow freely without waterlogging. A suitable soil mix includes perlite, sand, and peat moss. It's best to incorporate fertilizer in the mix and ensure a pH range of 5.6-7.5 for optimum growth.
Cultivation Methods
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. is a slow-growing cactus that requires minimal maintenance. It prefers a warm and dry climate and can thrive in sandy or sandy loam soil. This plant can be grown outdoors in regions with mild winter climates or indoors as a houseplant.
Watering Needs
While Cereus viridiflorus is a desert plant that can withstand drought, it still requires regular watering. Water should be provided sparingly, and the soil should be allowed to dry completely before being watered again. Overwatering can lead to root rot in this plant, so it is crucial to avoid this issue.
Fertilization
Cereus viridiflorus does not require frequent fertilization. It is a low-maintenance plant that will do fine without fertilization. However, giving it extra nutrients during the growing season can help it thrive and grow faster. As a general rule of thumb, it is best to fertilize the plant once or twice a year, preferably in the spring or fall. Use a low-nitrogen cactus fertilizer for best results.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Cereus viridiflorus. However, if you notice any dead or diseased portions of the plant, you can remove them to prevent the issue from spreading. Pruning can also be done to control the size and shape of the plant, but it is not required. It is essential to use sharp and sterile pruning tools to prevent any damage to the plant.
Propagation of Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm.
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. can be propagated by several methods, including:
Seed Propagation
Propagation of Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. may be done through seeds. Sow the seeds in sandy loam soil mix and cover lightly with sand or perlite. Maintain soil moisture and provide bright, indirect sunlight. Seeds will germinate within 1-2 weeks. Once the seedlings have established roots and produced new growth, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Stem Cutting Propagation
Propagation of Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. can be done with stem cuttings too. Select a healthy, mature stem and use a sharp, sterile knife to cut a section of the stem. Allow the cutting to callus for a few days before inserting into a well-draining, sandy loam soil mix. Place the planted cutting in a bright, indirect light and maintain adequate moisture levels. Roots should develop in a few weeks and new growth will follow.
Offsets Propagation
Cereus viridiflorus (Engelm.) Engelm. var. cylindricus Engelm. can produce offsets that can be separated and transplanted into their own pots. Gently remove the offset from the parent plant and allow the cut to dry for a few days. Plant the offset into a well-draining, sandy loam soil mix and provide bright, indirect light and moderate moisture. Over time, the offset will develop roots and new growth will follow.
Disease Management:
Cereus viridiflorus var. cylindricus is generally a hardy and disease-resistant plant. However, certain environmental conditions and factors may make it susceptible to certain diseases. Here are some common diseases that may affect the plant:
1. Stem Rot:
Stem rot is often caused by fungal pathogens that attack the stem of the plant, causing it to become soft and mushy. To manage this, you should remove the affected parts and treat the remaining plant with a fungicide. Ensure that the plant is not overwatered or over-fertilized as this can exacerbate the problem.
2. Root Rot:
Root rot is caused by fungal pathogens that attack the roots, leading to the wilting and death of the plant. To manage this, you should remove the affected parts and ensure that the plant is not overwatered. You can also treat the remaining plant with a fungicide to prevent further spread of the disease.
3. Leaf Spot:
Leaf spot is caused by fungal pathogens that attack the leaves, leading to the development of brown or black spots. To manage this, you should remove the affected leaves and treat the remaining plant with a fungicide. Ensure that the plant is not overwatered or crowded as this can exacerbate the problem.
Pest Management:
Cereus viridiflorus var. cylindricus is also generally resistant to pests. However, there are some common pests that may infest the plant. Here are some pests to look out for and how to manage them:
1. Mealybugs:
Mealybugs are tiny insects that suck the sap from the plant, leading to stunted growth and yellow leaves. To manage this, you can use an insecticide or wipe down the plant with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. Regularly inspect the plant and remove any visible mealybugs.
2. Scale Insects:
Scale insects also suck the sap from the plant and leave behind a sticky residue that can attract other pests. To manage this, you can use an insecticide or wipe down the plant with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. Regularly inspect the plant and remove any visible scale insects.
3. Spider Mites:
Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the plant, leading to discoloration and webbing. To manage this, you can spray the plant with a fine mist of water to wash away the mites or use an insecticide. Regularly inspect the plant and remove any visible spider mites.
