Overview
Ceratochloa cathartica (Vahl) Herter is a perennial grass commonly known as "sicklegrass" or "prairiegrass". It belongs to the family Poaceae and is native to South and Central America.
Appearance
The plant typically grows up to 3 feet tall and has long, slender leaves that are up to a foot long. The leaves have a serrated edge, hence the common name "sicklegrass". The inflorescence is a panicle that can be up to a foot long and contains spikelets with long awns.
Uses
Ceratochloa cathartica is mainly used as a forage crop for livestock because of its high protein content. It is also used as a turfgrass in parks and golf courses. Additionally, some indigenous communities use the plant for medicinal purposes such as treating wounds and digestive issues.
Light Requirements
Ceratochloa cathartica grows fairly well in partial shade and full sun. However, full sun is the more preferable condition. The plant requires a minimum of 6 hours of sunshine every day to thrive well.
Temperature Requirements
The cool-season perennial grass species is well adapted to a wide range of temperatures. It can tolerate low temperatures, including frost, which makes it suitable for areas with a chilly climate. However, high temperatures can be detrimental to its growth. The ideal temperature range for growth is 15-25°C.
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers soils that are well-draining and loamy. The ideal pH range is between 5.5 and 7.5. It is not drought-resistant and does not thrive well in sandy or extremely dry soils. It needs adequate water supply, especially during its growth period.
Cultivation Methods
Ceratochloa cathartica, commonly known as the feather grass or purple false orache, is a low-maintenance plant that is easy to cultivate. The plant prefers full sunlight but can tolerate partial shade. It thrives in well-draining soil rich in organic matter and can tolerate a range of soil pH, from slightly acidic to alkaline. Planting can be done from seeds or seedlings, in spring or fall.
Watering Needs
The feather grass is moderately drought-tolerant, and overwatering can cause root rot. The plant requires moderate watering during the growing season, with a deep soak every week or two. Ensure that the soil is well-draining to avoid waterlogging.
Fertilization
Ceratochloa cathartica does not require any fertilizer application. However, a light application of organic fertilizer during the growing season can help promote lush growth. Avoid adding too much nitrogen fertilizer as it can cause the plant to become top-heavy and flop over.
Pruning
The feather grass does not require frequent pruning, but dead or damaged leaves can be removed to promote healthy growth. In late fall or early spring, cut back the plant to a few inches above the soil level to rejuvenate growth and remove old foliage.
Propagation of Ceratochloa cathartica
Ceratochloa cathartica can be propagated through both sexual and asexual methods.
Sexual Propagation
The plant can be propagated through seed germination. The seeds should be sown in well-drained soil in early spring. It is important to keep the soil consistently moist until the seedlings have established.
Asexual Propagation
Ceratochloa cathartica can also be propagated asexually through division. The best time to divide the plant is in early spring before new growth appears. Dig up the plant, divide the clump into smaller sections and replant in well-drained soil.
Another asexual propagation method for this plant is through stem cuttings. Take 3-4 inch cuttings from the plant in late spring or early summer. Remove the lower leaves from the cutting and dip the cut end into a rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in a pot filled with well-drained soil, water adequately and keep the cutting away from direct sunlight.
Disease Management
Ceratochloa cathartica is susceptible to a number of fungal and bacterial diseases, such as leaf spot, rust, and smut. To manage these diseases, it is important to practice good cultural practices that improve air movement and promote rapid drying of foliage, such as proper spacing, pruning, and irrigation management. Fungicide sprays can also be used, but make sure to follow the label instructions and apply at the appropriate time to ensure maximum effectiveness.
Pest Management
Several pests can affect Ceratochloa cathartica, including aphids, armyworms, and grasshoppers. These pests can cause significant damage to the plant's leaves and stems, leading to weakened plants and reduced yield. To manage pests, it is important to monitor regularly and use Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques, such as biological and cultural controls, before resorting to chemical controls. Neem oil and insecticidal soaps are effective against aphids, while Bacillus thuringiensis is effective against armyworms. Additionally, planting tolerant varieties and using row covers can help prevent pest infestations.
