Origin and Common Names
Cassia tettensis Bolle, also known as Tetteh's cassia, is a flowering plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is native to the Cape Verde islands off the coast of West Africa.General Appearance
This shrubby plant can grow up to 3 meters tall and has a rounded but loosely spreading form. The leaves are bright green and pinnately compound, each with about 8-10 pairs of small leaflets. The flowers of Cassia tettensis are yellow and have five petals, which form a distinct cup shape.Uses
Cassia tettensis has a long history of medicinal use in the Cape Verdean islands, where it is often used to alleviate a range of illnesses such as respiratory ailments, fever, and digestive issues. Additionally, the plant is sometimes used to make a yellow dye that is used in traditional crafts. Overall, Cassia tettensis is a hardy and attractive plant that has captured the attention and admiration of those who enjoy both its beauty and medicinal benefits.Light Requirements
Cassia tettensis Bolle, also known as Canavalia tettensis, prefers full sunlight exposure. It thrives best in direct sunlight and can also tolerate partial shade. This plant is well-suited to areas with high light intensity and it requires at least six hours of direct sunlight to grow optimally.
Temperature Requirements
Cassia tettensis Bolle is typically grown in tropical regions with warm temperatures. Ideally, the plant requires a warm and humid environment with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 32°C. It is highly susceptible to frost and cold temperatures that may cause damage to the plant. In areas with lower temperatures, the plant can be grown indoors or under artificial lighting.
Soil Requirements
The soil type on which Cassia tettensis Bolle grows must be well-draining. It should be rich in nutrients and have a pH level of about 6 - 7. The plant prefers loamy, sandy soil that is not clay-heavy. Heavy clay soils may cause water logging leading to problems like root rot. Adding organic matter to the soil can improve soil quality and aid in the plant's growth. The plant appreciates moist soil, but the waterlogged area should be avoided.
Cultivation Methods
Cassia tettensis Bolle is native to Africa, particularly in the Western Cape of South Africa. It is a rather hardy plant that thrives best in well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The plant can tolerate a wide range of pH levels and can grow in full sun or partial shade conditions.
To cultivate Cassia tettensis Bolle, start by choosing a suitable spot in your garden. Then, dig a hole that is at least twice as wide and deep as the plant's root ball. Carefully remove the plant from its container and place it in the hole, ensuring that the top of the root ball is slightly above ground level. Fill the hole with soil, tamp it down gently, and water the plant thoroughly.
Watering Needs
Cassia tettensis Bolle requires moderate watering. It would be best if you irrigated the plant deeply once per week during the growing season. However, ensure that the soil is well-drained, and there's no waterlogging. Reduce watering during winter to allow the soil to dry up slightly between watering.
Fertilization
You can fertilize Cassia tettensis Bolle once a year during the growing season using a balanced fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is the suitable option. Fertilizer application should be done in early spring before new growth begins. Follow the instructions on the label to avoid over-fertilizing, which can damage the plant.
Pruning
Cassia tettensis Bolle requires minimal pruning. The plant has a natural bushy habit, and pruning should only be done to control the size or shape. However, if overgrown, you can prune the plant back in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Remove any dead or damaged branches, and shorten the remaining stems to encourage bushier growth. Avoid pruning heavily as the plant takes time to recover.
Propagation of Cassia tettensis Bolle
Cassia tettensis Bolle, commonly known as the Canary Island shower tree, is a flowering plant indigenous to the Canary Islands. Propagation of this plant is typically carried out through either seed planting or stem cuttings.
Propagation by Seed Planting
Seeds of Cassia tettensis Bolle are gathered from the dried pods of the plant. It is important to ensure that the seeds are fresh, as they tend to lose viability as they age. The seeds can be sown in trays filled with moist potting mix, and covered lightly. It is recommended to germinate the seeds in a warm and well-lit area, with temperatures around 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, with germination likely occurring in two to three weeks.
Propagation by Stem Cuttings
Propagation by stem cuttings is another effective way to grow Cassia tettensis Bolle. The best time to take stem cuttings is typically in late spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. The cuttings should be taken from healthy plants, with a minimum length of 10 centimeters, and should include a node or two. To promote rooting, it is recommended to dip the end of the cutting into rooting hormone powder before planting in well-draining soil. The pot should then be covered with a plastic bag or placed in a greenhouse for around three to four weeks until rooting occurs.
Disease and Pest Management for Cassia tettensis Bolle
Cassia tettensis Bolle is relatively resistant to diseases and pests. However, some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant are:
Diseases
Leaf Spot: Cassia tettensis Bolle is susceptible to leaf spot diseases caused by various fungal pathogens. Symptoms of leaf spot include small spots on the leaves that grow larger and develop a yellow halo. To prevent leaf spot, avoid overhead watering and provide proper air circulation. Remove infected leaves and dispose of them properly.
Root Rot: Root rot is caused by various soil-borne fungi, and it can cause the plant to wilt and die. To prevent root rot, avoid over-watering and make sure the soil is well-draining. Remove infected plants and their roots and dispose of them properly.
Pests
Mites: Mites are tiny arachnids that suck the sap from the leaves of plants. They can cause the leaves to turn yellow and drop, and severely infested plants may die. To manage mites, spray the plant with neem oil or insecticidal soap. Keep the plant well-watered and avoid fertilizing excessively.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars can cause significant damage to the leaves of Cassia tettensis Bolle by feeding on them. To prevent caterpillars from damaging the plant, remove any caterpillars by hand and dispose of them properly. You can also spray the plant with Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) or Spinosad, which are organic insecticides that target caterpillars.
By following these disease and pest management practices, you can help keep Cassia tettensis Bolle healthy and thriving.
