Overview
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. is a species of epiphytic orchids. It belongs to the family of Orchidaceae, the largest family of flowering plants.
Origin
It is commonly found in the tropical regions of Central and South America, specifically in countries such as Costa Rica, Panama, Brazil, and Ecuador.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as the Pygmy Campylocentrum.
Appearance
Pygmy Campylocentrum is a small orchid, typically measuring between 4-6 cm tall. It has a thin and elongated stem with delicate, pale green leaves that grow in an alternating pattern and cluster close together. The plant blooms year-round, producing tiny, white and lavender flowers that grow in clusters.
Uses
Pygmy Campylocentrum is mainly cultivated as an ornamental plant for its beauty. It is also occasionally used in traditional medicines.
Cultivation
This orchid species is easy to cultivate and maintain, making it a popular plant among orchid enthusiasts. It requires partial shade and frequent misting to simulate the humid conditions of its natural habitat. It is typically grown on bark, charcoal, or sphagnum moss.
Light Requirements
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. typically grows under full sunlight or in partially shaded areas. It is commonly found in areas with full morning sun and afternoon shade. However, too much direct sunlight may cause leaf damage and burn the plant.
Temperature Requirements
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. typically grows in warm and humid conditions. It requires a temperature range of 20 - 30°C (68 - 86°F) for optimal growth. Temperatures below 15°C (59°F) and above 35°C (95°F) can cause significant damage to the plant.
Soil Requirements
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. is an epiphytic orchid that typically grows on tree trunks or rocks. It does not require soil to grow and can be potted in a well-draining orchid mix. The plant requires good air circulation around the roots to prevent rot and fungal diseases.
Cultivation
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. is a small orchid species that is native to tropical America and can be cultivated in most parts of the world. It is an epiphytic orchid and is therefore best grown in a pot with a well-draining potting mix or mounted on a piece of bark or tree fern.
If grown in a pot, it should be placed in a bright spot with indirect light, preferably near a window. If mounted, it should be placed in a spot where it can receive bright, filtered light.
Watering Needs
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. prefers to be kept fairly moist. However, the watering frequency should be adjusted according to the temperature and humidity of the growing environment.
During the growth period, it should be watered when the potting mix or mount is almost dry to the touch. During the dormant period, it should be allowed to dry out between waterings.
Fertilization
During the active growing season, Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. should be fertilized regularly with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. The frequency of fertilization should be adjusted according to the strength of the fertilizer being used.
If using a weak fertilizer, it should be applied every two weeks. If using a stronger fertilizer, it can be applied every 4-6 weeks.
Pruning
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. does not require pruning. However, if it has become too large for its pot or location, it can be divided and repotted or mounted onto a bigger support.
To divide the plant, carefully remove it from the pot or support and gently separate the individual sections. Ensure that each section has healthy roots and leaves before potting or mounting it.
Propagation of Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn.
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. is a beautiful orchid that can be propagated using different methods, including division, keiki, and seed propagation.
Division
Division is the easiest method to propagate Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. To do this, carefully divide the plant at the base into smaller sections, making sure each section has at least one pseudobulb and some roots. Plant each division in a new pot filled with fresh orchid potting mix, and water well. Keep the plant in a shaded area until new growth appears. This method usually yields fast and successful results.
Keiki
Another method to propagate Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. is through keiki, or plantlets that grow on the mother plant. Keiki can be delicate and require special attention, but they can be rewarding to propagate. To do this, cut the keiki from the mother plant and plant it in a new pot filled with fresh orchid potting mix. Keep the pot in a shaded area with high humidity until the plant establishes, then gradually increase the light and watering as needed.
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is more challenging than the other methods, but it can be rewarding for experienced orchid growers. To propagate Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. from seed, collect the seed pods after they have matured and turned brown. Sow the seeds on a sterile medium, such as agar or sterilized vermiculite, and keep them in a clean, enclosed container. Provide the seeds with adequate light, humidity, and warmth, but avoid direct sunlight. After the seedlings emerge and become established, they can be transplanted into a pot with orchid potting mix.
Disease and Pest Management for Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn.
Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. is a stunning plant that is known for its beautiful flowers and ease of care. However, like any other plant, it is susceptible to certain diseases and pests. It is crucial to manage these problems before they can cause irreversible damage to the plant.
Common Diseases and Pests
Some common diseases that can affect Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. are bacterial leaf blight, fungal leaf spots, and root rot. Bacterial leaf blight shows symptoms like brown or dry patches on the leaves. Fungal leaf spots are identified by tiny spots on the leaves which turn yellow or brown. Root rot occurs when the plant is overwatered or when the soil is not well-drained.
There are several pests that can affect the plant like spider mites, thrips, and mealybugs. Spider mites make the leaves appear stippled, and webs are often seen on the plant. Thrips are tiny and are found on the leaves, flowers, or buds. Mealybugs cause the leaves to appear distorted and sticky.
Ways to Manage Diseases and Pests
The first step in managing diseases and pests is to keep the plant healthy. Ensure that the plant is watered adequately and the soil has appropriate drainage. Keeping the plant clean and healthy can prevent most diseases.
If the plant shows any signs of disease or pest infestation, prune away the affected parts of the plant and dispose of them immediately. For bacterial or fungal diseases, spraying a copper-based fungicide can help prevent the spread of the disease. Neem oil is an effective natural remedy for getting rid of pests like spider mites, thrips, and mealybugs.
It is essential to use preventive measures regularly to keep the plant healthy. Checking the plant regularly for signs of disease or pest infestation can help to address the issue before it becomes severe. By taking proper measures in time, it is possible to manage disease and pests effectively and keep Campylocentrum pygmaeum Cogn. healthy and thriving.
