Origin
Campylocentrum jamaicense (Reichenb. f.) Benth. is a species of orchid that is native to Jamaica, the Bahamas, and the Dominican Republic. It grows in wet forests and in coastal areas up to an elevation of 1,200m.
Common Names
Campylocentrum jamaicense is commonly known as the Jamaican Campy, the Waggie, or the Spurred Campylocentrum.
Appearance
Campylocentrum jamaicense is a small epiphytic orchid that grows up to 10 cm in height. It has tiny, succulent-like, erect leaves that are 2-4 cm long. The inflorescence emerges from the base of the leaves and is about 5-10 cm long. The flowers are tiny, about 5-6 mm wide, and come in clusters of 6-12. They are white to light green in color, with a yellow-green spur on the lip that protrudes forwards and is about as long as the ovary.
Uses
Campylocentrum jamaicense is mostly grown as an ornamental plant for its tiny fragrant flowers, which are used in creating lei and other floral arrangements. The plant is also used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for treating mosquito bites and fevers.
Growth Conditions for Campylocentrum jamaicense
Campylocentrum jamaicense (Reichenb. f.) Benth. is a tropical orchid that typically grows in the wet limestone forests of Jamaica and Cuba. The growth conditions that are most suitable for Campylocentrum jamaicense are as follows:
Light
Campylocentrum jamaicense requires bright light to grow. However, it should be protected from direct sunlight as it may cause leaf burn. Ideal conditions for the plant are either morning sun or afternoon sun.
Temperature
The temperature range for Campylocentrum jamaicense should be between 60-85°F during both the day and night. The plant can tolerate higher temperatures but might require frequent watering during these conditions as it dries out quickly.
Humidity
The plant grows best in humidity levels between 60-80%. It is important to maintain adequate moisture levels around the plant to prevent it from drying out. This can be achieved by placing a tray of water under the plant or by misting regularly.
Soil Requirements
Campylocentrum jamaicense typically grows from limestone rocks. To simulate this environment, it is recommended to grow the plant in a well-draining mix such as orchid bark or perlite. The plant should be watered thoroughly and allowed to drain entirely to prevent root rot.
In summation, Campylocentrum jamaicense requires bright light, a temperature range of 60-85°F, high humidity levels, and a well-draining soil mix to grow in optimal conditions.
Cultivation methods
Campylocentrum jamaicense is an epiphytic orchid native to Jamaica, Cuba, and the Bahamas. It requires a humid and warm environment to grow properly. This plant can be grown in baskets, mounted on a piece of wood, or in pots. It enjoys bright, indirect light and a well-ventilated area. It is best to avoid direct sunlight as it can damage the leaves and flowers.
Watering needs
The watering needs of Campylocentrum jamaicense depend on its growing medium and the surrounding temperature. As an epiphyte, it typically pulls moisture from the air rather than from soil. You can mist the plant with water daily to maintain humidity levels. When growing this plant in a pot, ensure the pot has drainage holes and never let it sit in standing water. Water the plant when the top layer of the medium dries out, approximately once a week.
Fertilization
Campylocentrum jamaicense requires a balanced fertilizer with equal levels of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium. It is best to fertilize the plant during the growing season, which is from spring to fall. Do not fertilize the plant in the winter when it is dormant. Use a liquid fertilizer and apply it to the roots every two weeks, and always follow the instructions on the package.
Pruning
Campylocentrum jamaicense does not require much pruning. However, it is essential to remove any dead or damaged leaves as soon as possible to prevent disease from spreading. If the plant becomes overcrowded, you can divide it and propagate it. This should be done during the spring or summer when the plant is actively growing. Carefully remove the plant from its container, separate the sections, and pot them individually.
Propagation of Campylocentrum jamaicense
The Campylocentrum jamaicense can be propagated by various methods such as:
Division
Division is the simplest way to propagate Campylocentrum jamaicense. The plant can be divided at any time during the growing season, and the sections can be repotted into suitable containers. It is recommended to keep the plant in a warm and humid environment until new growth appears.
Keiki Cloning
The plant produces small growths, called keikis, which can be removed and potted into a separate container once they have developed roots. This method is suitable for plants that have several keikis.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is suitable for experienced growers as it requires specific conditions to germinate. The seeds need to be fresh and sown in a suitable medium under the right amount of light and moisture. It is also important to protect the seedlings from direct sunlight and pests.
Regardless of the propagation method, it is important to provide the plant with suitable growing conditions and regular care to ensure successful growth. Campylocentrum jamaicense is a beautiful and rewarding plant to propagate for those who enjoy orchids.
Disease Management
Campylocentrum jamaicense is susceptible to various fungal and bacterial diseases that affect its healthy growth and development. Some of the common diseases that affect this plant include:
- Black spot: Causes the appearance of black lesions on the leaves of the plant. It is caused by the fungus Alternaria alternata.
- Leaf spot: Causes the appearance of brown or black spots on the leaves. It is caused by the bacteria Erwinia carotovora.
- Rust: Causes the appearance of red, orange, or yellow rust-like spots on the leaves. It is caused by the fungus Puccinia chondrillina.
To manage these diseases, it is recommended to use fungicides and bactericides. It is important to identify the specific disease affecting the plant before applying any chemical treatment. It is advisable to follow the instructions on the label of the chemical product and observe proper handling and safety precautions.
Pest Management
Campylocentrum jamaicense is also susceptible to pest infestation, and some of the common pests that affect it include:
- Mealybugs: These are soft-bodied insects that appear as white, cottony masses on the leaves and stems of the plant. They feed on the sap of the plant and can cause stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and leaf drop.
- Thrips: These are tiny insects that feed on the leaves of the plant, causing discoloration and distortion. They also transmit viral diseases to the plant.
- Mites: These are small arachnids that feed on the plant sap, causing yellowing and stunted growth of the plant.
To manage pest infestation, it is recommended to use insecticides and miticides. It is important to identify the specific pest affecting the plant before applying any chemical treatment. It is advisable to follow the instructions on the label of the chemical product and observe proper handling and safety precautions. It is also important to maintain good cultural practices, such as proper watering and fertilization, to promote healthy growth and reduce pest infestation.
