Overview
Campanula zeyheri (Buek) Dietrich, also known as the grassland bellflower, is a perennial plant that is native to South Africa. It belongs to the Campanulaceae family and is commonly found in the Eastern Cape region.
Common Names
The Campanula zeyheri plant is also known as Zeyher's bellflower, grassland bellflower, and mini campanula. In Afrikaans, it is called 'tweeureblom' which translates to 'two-hour flower' due to its short-lived blooms.
Appearance
The Campanula zeyheri plant is a low-growing perennial that typically reaches a height of 15cm and a spread of 30cm. It features lance-shaped leaves which are up to 3cm long, and long stems with bell-shaped, blue or lilac flowers which bloom in summer. The flowers are around 2cm in diameter and have a distinct white center.
Uses
The Campanula zeyheri plant is mostly used for ornamental purposes due to its attractive flowers and low-growing habit. It is commonly used as ground cover or as an edging plant in borders. The plant is also popular among rock garden enthusiasts and is suitable for growing in containers. In addition, the plant is reported to have medicinal properties and has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as constipation, stomach aches, and coughs. However, further research is needed to confirm these claims.
Light requirements
Campanula zeyheri typically grows in areas with full sunlight exposure, but they can also tolerate partially shaded areas. In regions with high temperatures, partial shading is recommended to protect the plant from heat. The plant requires sunlight to grow and develop appropriately.
Temperature requirements
The plant prefers moderate temperatures surrounding the range of 17°C to 27°C. Temperatures below 10°C may lead to plant dormancy, and temperatures above 35°C can cause damage to growing tissues. Campanula zeyheri is a seasonal plant that starts in the spring and flowers in the summer.
Soil requirements
Campanula zeyheri prefers well-draining, loamy soils containing adequate organic matter. The pH of the soil must remain between 6.5 to 7.5 for optimal growth. The plant doesn't like soil that's too heavy or too light as they can inhibit normal growth. The root system needs enough space to grow and spread out. It's recommended to add compost to the soil before planting to provide sufficient nutrients for the plant.
Cultivation of Campanula zeyheri
Campanula zeyheri is a perennial plant that is mostly propagated through seeds and cuttings. To propagate through seeds, sow the seeds in the soil during spring. For cuttings, take 3-5 inch long cuttings in summer.
Watering Needs of Campanula zeyheri
The plant prefers moderate watering and needs to be kept consistently moist. However, it's essential to ensure that the soil is well-drained, as soggy soil can cause root rot. Watering can be reduced during the winter months when the plant is dormant.
Fertilizing Campanula zeyheri
Campanula zeyheri requires periodic fertilization for optimal growth. A balanced, slow-release fertilizer should be applied in the spring and mid-summer. Use a fertilizer that is rich in nitrogen to encourage lush foliage and vibrant flowers.
Pruning Campanula zeyheri
Pruning Campanula zeyheri is essential to encourage a bushy, compact growth habit. Pinching off the tips of the plant during the early stages of growth will encourage branching and produce a fuller plant. Deadheading also helps in encouraging the plant to produce more flowers. The plant can be pruned in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or damaged growth.
Propagation of Campanula zeyheri:
Campanula zeyheri, commonly known as Buek's bellflower, is a beautiful perennial plant that can be propagated by several methods such as seed, cuttings, or division.
Seed Propagation:
One of the easiest methods to propagate Campanula zeyheri is through its seeds. Collect ripe seed pods in late summer or early autumn when the pods start to dry and turn brown. Then, extract the seeds and store them in a cool, dry place. In the early spring, sow these seeds in a seed tray filled with soil, water them regularly, and place them in a warm, humid location. The seedlings will emerge in about 2-3 weeks, and they can be transplanted outdoors after the risk of frost has passed.
Cutting Propagation:
Another method to propagate Campanula zeyheri is through stem cuttings. Take semi-ripe cuttings from healthy, mature plants in the summer, and gently remove the leaves from the bottom part of the cutting. Dip the base of the cuttings in rooting hormone powder and plant them in a soil mixture containing perlite and sand. Keep the cuttings in a warm place with bright, indirect light, and keep the soil moist. After several weeks, the cuttings should develop roots, and they can be transplanted to individual pots and moved outdoors once they have grown.
Division:
Campanula zeyheri can also be propagated through division, typically in the fall or early spring. Carefully dig up the clump of the parent plant and divide it into smaller sections, making sure each section has a healthy root system. Replant these sections into individual pots or directly in the ground and keep the soil moist until they are established.
Disease Management
Campanula zeyheri is not particularly susceptible to diseases, but may still be affected by various fungal and bacterial infections. Here are some common diseases that may affect the plant:
- Gray Mold: This fungal disease is caused by Botrytis cinerea and causes grayish-brown mold on the plant. It can be managed by removing infected plant parts and maintaining good air circulation to prevent the fungus from thriving on moist surfaces.
- Leaf Spot: It is caused by the fungus Cercospora or Phyllosticta and it produces brown or black spots on leaves. The infected leaves should be promptly removed and destroyed and the plant should be sprayed with a copper or sulfur fungicide.
Pest Management
Campanula zeyheri is relatively resistant to pests, but may still be infested by various chewing and sucking insects. Some common pests that may affect the plant are:
- Aphids: These small insects suck the sap from the plant and cause it to become weak. They can be removed by hosing the plant with water or sprayed with insecticidal soap.
- Cutworms: These caterpillars feed on the foliage at night and can be easily killed by handpicking them at night or using a biological pesticide such as Bacillus thuringiensis.
Regularly inspecting the plant and promptly treating any pest or disease problems will help ensure the healthy growth and development of Campanula zeyheri.
