Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. sepium: Overview
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. sepium, commonly known as Hedge bindweed, is a herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. The plant is native to Europe, Asia, and North America but has now spread throughout the world, including regions of Australia and New Zealand. It is a climbing plant that can grow up to 2-4 meters in height and has long, trailing stems that can climb over other vegetation.
Appearance
Hedge bindweed has heart-shaped leaves that are arranged in an alternate pattern along the stem. The leaves can grow up to 8cm long and 6cm wide, with a pointed tip and a smooth edge. The plant produces white, trumpet-shaped flowers that are usually around 2-4 cm in diameter. The flowers have five petals that are fused together at the base and a long, slender flower tube. The flower tube is surrounded by two large bracts, which give the plant its common name – Hedge bindweed.
Common Names
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. sepium goes by many common names, including Hedge bindweed, Wild morning glory, Bellbind, Loontari, Heavenly trumpets, and Bugle vine. In some regions, the plant is also known as Bearbine, Devil's guts, and Granny-pop-out-of-bed.
Uses
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. sepium has a few medicinal uses. In traditional medicine, the plant has been used as a laxative, diuretic, and to treat skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis. However, it is essential to note that the plant can be toxic if ingested in large quantities and should not be used without proper consultation with a medical practitioner. The plant is also used for ornamental purposes, and its attractive flowers make it a great addition to gardens and landscaped areas.
Light requirements
Calystegia sepium thrives in full sun to partial shade. However, it tends to perform better in areas with more sunlight. Thus, the species should be planted where it can receive at least six hours of direct sunlight per day.
Temperature requirements
Calystegia sepium grows well in a wide range of temperatures. The plant can withstand temperatures as low as -35°C and as high as 35°C. The species is native to northern temperate regions but can still tolerate hot summers. However, it does not fare well in areas with extreme heat and drought conditions.
Soil requirements
Calystegia sepium grows well in various soil types, but it prefers loamy soils that are moist but well-drained. The plant can tolerate wet soil conditions, but it is susceptible to root rot if the soil is waterlogged for extended periods. A pH range of 5.0 to 7.5 is ideal for the plant.
Cultivation Methods for Calystegia sepium
Calystegia sepium is a plant that thrives in a wide range of soil types, from sandy or loamy soils to clay soils. The plant prefers to grow in areas with full sun exposure to partial sun with some shade. It can be propagated through seed, cuttings, or division of roots. Planting should be done in the spring to mid-summer, and the soil should be kept moist until the plant is established.
Watering Needs for Calystegia sepium
Calystegia sepium has moderate water requirements. The soil should be kept evenly moist, but not soggy. The plant can tolerate short periods of drought, but prolonged drought can negatively impact growth and flowering. It is important to note that the plant does not tolerate waterlogging, so adequate drainage is essential.
Fertilization for Calystegia sepium
Calystegia sepium is not a heavy feeder and can thrive in nutrient-poor soils. However, an annual application of a balanced fertilizer can promote vigorous growth and increase the number of flowers. A slow-release fertilizer applied in the spring or early summer is ideal for this plant.
Pruning Calystegia sepium
Pruning Calystegia sepium is not necessary but can help keep the plant tidy and prevent it from becoming invasive. Pruning should be done in the late winter or early spring before new growth appears. Remove any old or damaged growth and cut back overly vigorous shoots. It is important to note that this plant can spread aggressively, so pruning can help control its growth and spread.
Propagation of Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. sepium
Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. sepium, commonly known as hedge bindweed, is a vigorous twining vine that can be propagated by several methods.
Seed Propagation
Seeds of Calystegia sepium can be sown directly in the ground outdoors in the fall or early spring. The soil should be kept moist until germination, which usually takes place within 2-3 weeks. Alternatively, the seeds can be started indoors in pots or trays filled with a seed-starting mix. The seeds should be covered with a thin layer of soil and kept moist until germination. Once the seedlings have developed their second or third set of true leaves, they can be transplanted outdoors.
Vegetative Propagation
Calystegia sepium can also be propagated vegetatively through stem cuttings or root cuttings. To propagate through stem cuttings, cut a 4-6 inch long stem from the parent plant, just below a node. Remove the leaves from the lower half of the stem and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Place the cutting in a pot filled with a rooting mix and keep it moist until roots develop, usually within 4-6 weeks. Once the cutting has established roots, it can be transplanted outdoors.
To propagate through root cuttings, dig up a portion of the plant's root system during the dormant season. Cut the roots into 2-3 inch long sections, making sure each section has at least one growth bud. Plant the root cuttings horizontally in a pot filled with potting soil and keep them moist until new shoots emerge, usually within a few weeks. Once the new shoots have developed a few leaves, they can be transplanted outdoors.
Disease and Pest Management for Calystegia sepium
Calystegia sepium, commonly known as bindweed, is a flowering plant that belongs to the morning glory family. It is known for its invasive nature and can quickly take over a garden if left unchecked. Here are some common diseases and pests that affect this plant and ways to manage them.
Diseases
One of the most common diseases affecting Calystegia sepium is powdery mildew. This fungal disease appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. To manage powdery mildew, remove affected plant parts and dispose of them. Do not compost them. You can also spray the plant with a fungicide that contains sulfur or neem oil. Alternatively, you can try some cultural practices such as pruning to increase airflow and reduce humidity around the plant.
Another disease that can affect Calystegia sepium is leaf spot. This fungal disease appears as dark, irregular spots on the leaves of the plant. To manage leaf spot, remove affected plant parts and dispose of them. Do not compost them. You can also spray the plant with a fungicide that contains copper or chlorothalonil.
Pests
One of the most common pests that affect Calystegia sepium is spider mites. These tiny insects can quickly damage the leaves of the plant by sucking sap from them. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with a strong blast of water to knock them off the plant. You can also try releasing predatory mites or ladybugs that feed on spider mites. You can also use an insecticidal soap or neem oil spray to control them.
Another pest that can affect Calystegia sepium is aphids. These insects can appear in large numbers and cause the leaves to curl and distort. To manage aphids, spray the plant with a strong blast of water to knock them off the plant. You can also try releasing ladybugs or lacewings that feed on aphids. You can also use an insecticidal soap or neem oil spray to control them.
Overall, the key to managing diseases and pests in Calystegia sepium is to monitor the plant regularly and take prompt action as soon as you notice any signs of damage or infestation.
