Plant Description
Calycobolus campanulatus (K.Schum. ex Hallier f.) Heine subsp. oddonii (De Wild.) Lejoly & Lisowski is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Asteraceae. This plant species is also commonly referred to as "Oddon's Calycobolus" and "Calycobolus of the Congo". Its stem is erect, sub-woody, and usually grows up to 1 m in height.
Origin
The plant is endemic to central Africa, specifically in the countries of Angola, Cameroon, Gabon, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. It grows in tropical rainforest regions where it can receive adequate rainfall and shade.
Uses
Although not commonly used in commerce or medicine, the leaves and roots of Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii have been traditionally used by local tribes for various medicinal purposes. The leaves are applied to skin wounds and ulcers, while the roots are used to treat fever and pain. The plant has also been featured in ornamental gardens, adding unique foliage and flowers to landscaping.
General Appearance
The leaves of Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii are simple, ovate, and dark green in color. The flowers are small and bell-shaped, with a yellow-orange hue. The plant blooms from late spring to early summer. The root system is shallow, and the preferred soil consists of humus-rich and well-draining soil. Overall, this plant species provides a uniquely beautiful addition to any garden or landscape.
Growth Conditions for Calycobolus Campanulatus Subsp. Oddonii
Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii is a plant species that belongs to the family Melastomataceae. It is native to Africa, specifically in Cameroon, where it is commonly found in the rainforest zones. This plant species requires specific growth conditions to thrive and flourish.
Light Requirements
Light is an essential factor in the growth of Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii. The plant thrives well in partial shade to full shade environments. Therefore, it requires a shaded location to grow well. Direct exposure to intense sunlight can cause the leaves to dry up, leading to stunted growth and eventually death of the plant.
Temperature Requirements
Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii grows best in tropical environments where there is high rain and humidity. The ideal temperature ranges between 22°C to 28°C. Any significant drop or rise in temperature can be detrimental to the plant's growth and health, and it is essential to maintain conditions within the recommended range.
Soil Requirements
The plant does not have specific soil requirements, but it prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic nutrients. It grows well in moist soil environments, and the soil pH should range between 5.5 and 6.0. Additionally, the plant requires regular watering to ensure that the soil remains consistently moist.
Conclusion
Providing optimal conditions for the growth of Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii is essential for its proper development and longevity. Providing partial to full shade, maintaining recommended temperature ranges, preparing well-draining, organic-rich soil and ensuring regular watering will allow the plant to thrive and produce beautiful blooms.
Cultivation Methods
Calycobolus campanulatus (K.Schum. ex Hallier f.) Heine subsp. oddonii (De Wild.) Lejoly & Lisowski is a relatively hardy plant that is easy to cultivate. It thrives in well-draining soil mixtures that are rich in organic matter. When planting, ensure that the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Place the plant in a position where it can receive bright, indirect sunlight.
Watering Needs
The watering schedule for this plant is critical since it is susceptible to root rot caused by overwatering. Allow the soil surface to dry out before giving it water. It's preferable to water the plant early in the morning to allow the leaves to dry completely before nightfall and avoid fungal infections.
Fertilization
Calycobolus campanulatus (K.Schum. ex Hallier f.) Heine subsp. oddonii (De Wild.) Lejoly & Lisowski does not require a lot of fertilizers. A well-balanced organic fertilizer should be applied every three months in the growing season, from early spring to late summer. Excessive feeding can cause salt buildup in the soil.
Pruning
Pruning is a necessary aspect of the plant's care. It's best to do it during the growing season to encourage a healthy growth pattern. The pruning should be limited to removing dead or yellowing leaves or cutting back any overgrown stems. Regular pruning and pinching can help the plant grow bushier and promote new growth.
Propagation methods for Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii
Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii is an attractive, low-growing plant commonly propagated through vegetative methods. Although it is also possible to propagate this plant through seed, it is not always reliable.
Propagation through stem cuttings
Propagation through stem cuttings is the most commonly used method for Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii. The cuttings should be taken from healthy, mature plants during the active growth period. It is advisable to use stem cuttings with a minimum length of 10 cm and at least three leaves. Before planting the cuttings, remove the lower leaves and place them in a rooting hormone to stimulate growth. Next, plant the cuttings in well-draining soil and ensure that the soil is kept moist throughout the rooting process. The cuttings will root within six weeks, after which they can be transplanted into the desired location.
Via layering
Layering is a less commonly used propagation method for Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii. This method involves burying a section of the stem under the soil and ensuring that it remains in contact with the soil until it develops roots. Once the roots have formed, the new plant can be separated from the parent plant and transplanted to a new location.
Via division
Dividing established clumps can also be used to propagate Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii. This method involves digging up the clump and separating the individual plants. Before replanting, it is advisable to trim the roots and tops to reduce transplant shock. The divided plants can then be replanted in well-draining soil and watered thoroughly.
Disease Management
Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii is a resilient plant species that can tolerate harsh growing conditions. However, like any other plant species, it is still vulnerable to disease infestations. One of the most common diseases that affect the plant is leaf spot. This disease is often caused by fungal infections that affect the leaves, causing them to turn yellow or brown and drop prematurely. To manage this condition, it is recommended to remove and destroy affected leaves as soon as possible to prevent the spread of the disease.
Another disease that can affect the plant is root rot. Root rot is a fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant, causing them to rot and ultimately leading to the death of the plant. To manage this condition, it is recommended to ensure that the plant is not overwatered and to provide adequate drainage to prevent standing water in the soil.
Finally, the plant can also be affected by powdery mildew, a fungal disease that manifests as a white powdery substance on the surface of leaves and stems. To manage this condition, it is recommended to use fungicide sprays and to remove affected parts of the plant to prevent the spread of the disease.
Pest Management
Calycobolus campanulatus subsp. oddonii is not only vulnerable to diseases but also to pest infestations. One of the most common pests that affect the plant is spider mites. These pests feed on the plant's sap, causing the leaves to turn yellow and eventually die. To manage this condition, it is recommended to use insecticidal sprays and natural predators such as ladybugs to control the population of spider mites on the plant.
Another pest that can infest the plant is the mealybug. These pests also feed on the plant's sap, causing the leaves to turn yellow and wilt. To manage this condition, it is recommended to use insecticidal soaps and remove infected parts of the plant to prevent the spread of the infestation.
Finally, the plant can also attract aphids, small insects that feed on the plant's sap and excrete honeydew. Honeydew can attract other pests, such as ants and wasps, which can further damage the plant. To manage this condition, it is recommended to use insecticidal soaps or neem oil to control the population of aphids on the plant.
