Overview:
Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski is an extraordinary plant species with high ecological and cultural significance. It is a rare and critically endangered species found in the Democratic Republic of Congo, particularly in the Kahuzi-Biega National Park.
Appearance:
The plant is a climbing shrub that reaches up to 6 meters in height. Its stems are woody, and the bark has a rough texture. The leaves are glossy, dark green, and have an elliptical shape. The flowers are yellow and occur in clusters. The fruits are small, black berries that contain a single seed.
Common Names:
Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski is commonly referred to as Liana, and locally known as 'Ibelega' in the area where it is found. It also goes by its scientific name.
Uses:
The plant has important cultural and medicinal values in the local communities. The bark and roots of the plant contain secondary metabolites that are utilized in traditional medicine practices. The locals use it to treat diseases such as fever, malaria, and stomachache.
It also has ecological significance as it provides habitat and food to various animals in the forest ecosystem. The black berries are eaten by birds and other small mammals. Additionally, the plant is an ornamental species useful for landscaping purposes both in the DRC and in other countries.
Light Requirements:
Calycobolus bampsianus, commonly known as the Nigos plant, thrives in bright light conditions. Therefore, it is advisable to place it in a spot where it can receive direct or indirect sunlight. The plant grows well in areas with a minimum of six hours of sunshine per day. Inadequate sunlight may lead to stunted growth and discoloration of leaves.
Temperature Requirements:
The plant grows best in warm temperatures. It adapts well to temperatures of between 20 to 30 degrees Celsius. Temperatures below 20 degrees Celsius lead to slow growth, while temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius may cause wilting and leaf drop.
Soil Requirements:
The ideal soil for growing Nigos plants is well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil should have good water retention capacity and should not dry out quickly. A highly porous soil is recommended as it helps to avoid waterlogging, which can lead to root rot and the eventual death of the plant. The soil pH should be between 5.5 and 7.5 to ensure the plant's healthy growth.
Cultivation of Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski
Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski, also known as the Namibian star creeper, is an attractive plant native to Namibia. It is a perennial plant that grows well in warm and dry climates. The plant thrives in areas that receive direct sunlight, well-drained soil, and moderate watering.
Watering Needs of Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski
The Namibian star creeper requires moderate watering, especially during its growing season, which is from spring to summer. You should water the plant only when the soil is dry to the touch at a depth of 1 inch. Overwatering can cause root rot, which is harmful to the plant.
Fertilization of Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski
Fertilizing Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski is not necessary. However, you can add a slow-release fertilizer to the soil during the growing season to give the plant a boost. Ensure you follow the manufacturer's instructions on the amount and application method to avoid overfeeding.
Pruning of Calycobolus bampsianus Lejoly & Lisowski
Pruning the Namibian star creeper is not necessary. However, if you want to control its size or shape, you can do so during the plant's dormant season, which is from fall to winter. Cut back any dead or damaged branches and shape the plant according to your liking. Pruning can stimulate new growth, which can improve the plant's health and aesthetics.
Propagation of Calycobolus bampsianus
Calycobolus bampsianus is a rare plant species that is endemic to the Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo. The plant is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Rubiaceae. Propagation of Calycobolus bampsianus can be done through the following methods:
Seed propagation
The most common way to propagate Calycobolus bampsianus is through seeds. The seeds of the plant are small and require careful handling during collection and storage. The best time to collect the seeds is when the fruit is mature, which is usually in the months of March to April. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining seed-raising mix and covered lightly with soil. The ideal temperature for germination is between 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. The seeds of Calycobolus bampsianus have a high germination rate, and the seedlings can be transplanted when they are big enough to handle.
Vegetative propagation
Another means of propagating Calycobolus bampsianus is through vegetative propagation. This method involves taking stem cuttings or sections of the root and planting them in a well-draining soil mix. The cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone powder before planting to enhance their chances of rooting. Planting should be done in a shady area and kept moist until the cutting forms roots and new shoots. This method is usually used when there is no seed available or as a means to increase the number of plants.
Division
Division is another way to propagate Calycobolus bampsianus. This method involves dividing the clumps of the plant into smaller sections and replanting them in a suitable soil mix. This method is best done during the early growing season, which is usually in the months of March to April. The newly divided plants should be carefully watered until they establish themselves.
Disease and Pest Management for Calycobolus bampsianus
Calycobolus bampsianus is known to be a hardy plant that can adapt to different growing conditions. However, it is still susceptible to several diseases and pests that can damage its health and growth. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that can affect Calycobolus bampsianus:
Diseases
Fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, leaf spot, and root rot can affect Calycobolus bampsianus. These diseases are caused by fungi that thrive in high humidity and moist conditions. To manage fungal diseases, it is important to maintain good air circulation around the plant and avoid overhead watering that can promote fungal growth. Apply fungicides as needed and make sure to remove any infected plant parts to prevent the spread of the disease.
Pests
Calycobolus bampsianus can also be affected by pests such as spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. These pests feed on the plant's sap, which can cause wilting, yellowing, and stunted growth. To manage pest infestations, it is important to regularly inspect the plant for signs of pests and apply insecticides as needed. You can also use natural remedies such as neem oil or insecticidal soap to control pest populations.
