Overview
Calla elliotiana, also known as Elliot's Calla Lily, is a plant species from the genus Calla. It is native to the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and is commonly grown as an ornamental plant in many countries around the world.
General Appearance
The plant can grow up to 45cm in height and has a rhizomatous growth habit. The leaves are large and arrow-shaped, with a glossy green surface, and can reach up to 25 cm in length. The inflorescence is a white spathe, which wraps around a yellow spadix and is surrounded by a green leaf-like bract. The flowers are unscented and bloom in the summer.
Common Names
Elliot's Calla Lily is the most common name for Calla elliotiana. However, it is also known by other names such as White Arum Lily and Wild Calla.
Uses
Calla elliotiana is primarily grown for ornamental purposes in gardens, as well as in bouquets and flower arrangements. The plant's large, attractive leaves and unique flowers make it a popular decoration for weddings and other special events. Some also believe that the plant has medicinal properties and use it as a remedy for conditions such as headaches and burns, although this use has not been scientifically proven.
Light Requirements
Calla elliotiana prefers to grow in bright indirect light. Being a shade-loving plant, it cannot tolerate direct sunlight for a prolonged period. Exposure to direct sunlight can cause damage to the plant leaves which will turn yellow and brown.
Temperature Requirements
Calla elliotiana grows best in a warm and humid environment. The ideal temperature range for growth is between 18°C to 25°C (64°F to 77°F). Temperatures below 10°C (50°F) can cause damage to the plant and hinder its growth.
Soil Requirements
The soil requirements for Calla elliotiana are well-draining, moist, and rich in organic matter. A soil mix containing peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite is ideal for this plant. The soil pH should remain between slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.5 to 7.5).
Cultivation methods
The Calla elliotiana plant is a hardy and low-maintenance plant that is easy to cultivate in gardens, patios, and indoor spaces. It requires well-drained soil, a sunny location, and a warm climate to thrive. The plant grows well in USDA hardiness zones 7-10. It can be cultivated from seeds or propagated through division.
Watering needs
This plant requires moderate watering during the growing season, but it is important to avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot. The soil should be moist but not waterlogged. Water the plant deeply when the soil becomes dry to the touch. In the dormant season, reduce watering, allowing the topsoil to dry out completely between watering sessions.
Fertilization
For optimal growth, the Calla elliotiana plant requires regular applications of fertilizer during the growing season. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer once every two weeks, diluting it to half-strength. Be sure to water the plant thoroughly after fertilizing to prevent salt buildup in the soil.
Pruning
To promote healthy growth, prune the Calla elliotiana plant after it has finished flowering. Cut back old, yellowing leaves and trim away dead or diseased portions of the plant. If the plant becomes too bushy, trim back the stems to encourage new growth. Avoid pruning the plant in the dormant season when it is less active and more vulnerable to damage.
Propagation of Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson
Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson, commonly known as Elliot's Calla Lily, is propagated by several methods including seed propagation, division, and tissue culture.
Seed Propagation
Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson can be propagated by seed, but this is not a common method of propagation. Seeds should be collected when the seed pod begins to turn brown and should be sown immediately. They can be sown in a tray filled with a well-draining potting mix and placed in a warm and bright location. Germination may take up to a month or longer depending on the conditions.
Division
Division is the most common method used for Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson propagation. It involves separating the plant into several smaller plants, each with its own roots. It can easily be done during the growing season when the plant is actively growing. The plant should be lifted out of the soil and the rhizomes separated into sections with at least one 'eye' or growing point. These should be planted in individual containers or directly in the ground and kept moist to promote growth.
Tissue Culture
Tissue culture is a more advanced and specialized method of propagating Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson. It involves taking a small piece of plant tissue and placing it in a nutrient-rich culture medium to grow new plants. This method is commonly used to produce large quantities of plants, but it requires specialized equipment and knowledge.
Disease and Pest Management for Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson
Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson is generally a hardy plant and resistant to most pests and diseases. However, certain conditions can make it susceptible to some common pests and diseases, which can be managed through various strategies.
Common Diseases
Sclerotinia stem rot and Rhizoctonia crown rot are common diseases affecting Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson. These diseases are caused by soil-borne fungi and are prevalent in soil with poor drainage or overwatering. Symptoms include yellowing and wilting of leaves, stem decay, and stunted growth.
To manage these diseases, it's crucial to maintain well-draining soil and avoid overwatering. Remove infected plants, including the soil around them. Furthermore, avoid re-planting in the same area. Fungicides can be used, but prevention is the best option.
Common Pests
Spider mites and Aphids are common pests affecting Calla elliotiana (W.Watson) W.Watson. These pests attack young shoots, which can lead to distorted growth. Additionally, they cause leaf and flower damage; both known for coloring the plant with yellow or white specklings and discoloration.
To manage spider mites and aphids, monitor the plant frequently for signs of infestation and to adjust watering and humidity levels, making conditions unfavorable for their growth and reproduction. You can also use insecticidal soaps or targeted pesticides that kill the pests without damaging the plant. Alternatively, you can use natural predators like ladybugs.
