Introduction
Calendula viscosa Andrews, commonly referred to as 'Sticky Marigold', is a species of the Calendula genus that belongs to the family Asteraceae. It is an upright, annual herbaceous plant with distinctive yellow-orange flowers and a sticky, glandular surface on the leaves and stem. The plant has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, and its therapeutic properties have been affirmed by modern science.
Origin and Distribution
The origins of Calendula viscosa Andrews are believed to be in Southern Europe and Western Asia. It has since been introduced to other parts of the world, including North and South America, Africa, and Asia. The plant thrives in areas with plenty of sunlight and well-drained soil, and it can grow up to a height of 30-50cm.
Common Names
Calendula viscosa Andrews is known by several common names, including 'Sticky Marigold,' 'Sticky Calendula,' 'Sticky Pot Marigold,' 'Golden Marigold,' and 'Viscid Marigold.' These names were derived from the plant's sticky, glandular surface that feels almost like glue when touched.
Uses
Calendula viscosa Andrews has been used in traditional medicine for centuries to treat various health conditions. The plant contains several beneficial compounds, including flavonoids, triterpenes, and essential oils, that possess numerous pharmacological properties. Its flowers and leaves have been used to treat wounds, skin infections, ulcers, stomach ailments, conjunctivitis, and many other conditions.
The oil extracted from the plant has also been used to treat skin conditions, such as dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis. Calendula viscosa Andrews is also used in cosmetic products, such as moisturizers, creams, and shampoos, due to its soothing and anti-inflammatory effects on the skin. Additionally, the plant is cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens due to its vibrant color and beautiful shape.
General Appearance
The Calendula viscosa Andrews plant is an upright, annual herbaceous plant with a branched stem that grows up to 50cm in height. Its leaves are lanceolate, sparsely toothed, and covered with small, glandular hairs. The leaves and stem have a sticky or glandular surface, which is one of the distinguishing features of the plant. The plant produces bright yellow-orange flowers that are about 3-5cm in diameter, and they bloom in the summer and early fall months. The flowers are used for medicinal purposes and as a source of natural dye.
In conclusion, Calendula viscosa Andrews is a fascinating plant with many therapeutic and cosmetic benefits. Its distinctive sticky surface makes it a unique addition to any garden, and its medicinal properties make it a staple in traditional medicine. This plant represents a perfect balance between beauty and functionality, and it continues to be a valuable resource for many people around the world.
Light requirements
Calendula viscosa Andrews requires full sunlight exposure for optimal growth. It is recommended that the plant receives a minimum of 6 hours of sunlight per day.
Temperature requirements
The plant is native to the Mediterranean region, and therefore it thrives best in warm temperatures. The ideal temperature range for growth is between 65°F and 80°F (18°C to 27°C). The plant is sensitive to frost and cold temperatures.
Soil requirements
Calendula viscosa Andrews prefers well-drained, sandy or loamy soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil pH level should be neutral with a range of 6.0 to 7.5. The plant does not tolerate waterlogged soil and needs adequate drainage. The addition of compost or aged manure to the soil before planting can improve soil fertility.
Cultivation of Calendula Viscosa Andrews
The Calendula viscosa Andrews plant is well-suited for cultivation in gardens. The ideal soil composition for this plant is moist, well-drained, and rich in organic matter. It can adapt to a wide range of pH levels, but a slightly acidic soil is most conducive to its growth. This plant thrives well in full sunlight and moderate temperatures.
Watering Needs
Calendula viscosa Andrews requires regular watering to maintain its moisture content. Watering should be done when the soil becomes dry, and the plant requires at least an inch of water every week. It is best to avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.
Fertilization
Calendula viscosa Andrews requires proper fertilization to provide it with the necessary nutrients for its growth. Fertilizers rich in potassium and phosphorus can be added to the soil during the plant's growth phase. It is best to avoid nitrogen-rich fertilizers as they can lead to excessive leaf growth and reduced flowering.
Pruning
Calendula viscosa Andrews requires pruning to encourage bushy growth and promote flowering. Deadheading the spent flowers is crucial to prevent the plant from going to seed and to increase the number of flowers that it produces. It is best to prune the plant in the early morning or late afternoon when temperatures are cooler. The removal of dead and broken stems and branches can help to maintain the plant's health and vigor.
Propagation of Calendula Viscosa Andrews
Calendula Viscosa Andrews, commonly known as sticky marigold, is propagated through seeds and stem cuttings. Here is a detailed description of propagation methods:
Propagation through Seeds:
Propagation through seeds is the most common method for Calendula Viscosa Andrews. The plant produces numerous seeds that can be collected when the seed pods dry out. The seeds should be sowed in a well-drained soil mix. They should be sowed shallowly and covered with a thin layer of soil. The soil should be kept moist until germination.
Propagation through Stem Cuttings:
Propagation through stem cuttings is another common method for Calendula Viscosa Andrews. To propagate through stem cuttings, choose a healthy stem with no flowers and cut it below a node. The cutting should be 3-4 inches long. Remove the lower leaves to expose the nodes and dip the cut end in a rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in a well-draining soil mix and keep it moist. Roots should develop in a few weeks.
Disease and Pest Management for Calendula Viscosa Andrews
Calendula Viscosa Andrews is a lovely flowering plant with several medicinal and cosmetic uses. It is generally a hardy plant that doesn't require much maintenance. However, like any other plant, it can fall prey to diseases and pests which can cause significant damage to the plant's growth and flowers. Therefore, it is crucial to be vigilant and take preventive measures to manage the diseases and pests that could impact Calendula Viscosa Andrews.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that affect Calendula Viscosa Andrews is powdery mildew, which is a type of fungal infection. The symptoms of powdery mildew include white, powdery patches on the leaves, stem, and flowers. To manage powdery mildew, avoid watering the plant from the top and keep the leaves dry. In addition, prune affected leaves and stems, and use fungicide and neem oil to prevent further spread.
Another disease that can affect Calendula Viscosa Andrews is Botrytis blight, which is a fungal disease often caused by high humidity and overwatering. The symptoms include brown spots on the leaves and flowers, and a grayish-black moldy covering. To manage this disease, prune affected leaves and flowers, improve air circulation, and increase sunshine exposure. Additionally, apply fungicide and neem oil to help prevent the spread of the disease.
Common Pests
Calendula Viscosa Andrews is susceptible to several pests, including aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. Aphids are small, pear-shaped insects that suck the sap out of plants, and their presence can cause deformation of leaves and flowers. To manage aphids, prune affected leaves, use insecticidal soap or neem oil to kill them, and improve air circulation around the plant.
Spider mites are tiny pests that are difficult to see with the naked eye. They can cause yellowing of leaves, webbing, and deformation of flowers. To manage spider mites, prune affected leaves and flowers, wash the plant with a strong jet of water, and apply insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Whiteflies are small flying insects that feed on the sap of the plant, causing yellowing of leaves, deformation of flowers, and sticky honeydew on the leaves. To manage whiteflies, prune affected leaves, use sticky traps to capture them, and apply insecticidal soap or neem oil.
It is essential to be proactive in managing diseases and pests that can impact Calendula Viscosa Andrews. Take preventive measures like maintaining good hygiene, providing proper air circulation, and promptly removing affected leaves and flowers to keep your plant healthy and beautiful.
