Background and Origin
Calamagrostis lapponica (Wahlenb.) Hartman var. brevipilis Stebbins, commonly referred to as Lapland reedgrass or short-awned reedgrass, is a perennial grass species that belongs to the Poaceae family. It originates from northern and central Europe, including Scandinavia, Iceland, and the Russian Far East. This plant typically grows in open areas, such as meadows, rocky slopes, and riverbanks, at altitudes ranging from sea level to 2800 meters.
Common Names
Aside from Lapland reedgrass and short-awned reedgrass, Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis is also known by other common names such as Arctic reedgrass, Finnish reedgrass, and tundra reedgrass. It was named after Lapland, a region that covers parts of Scandinavia, Finland, and Russia, where the plant is commonly found.
Uses
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis provides essential forage for wild herbivores, such as reindeer, elk, caribou, and moose, during the winter months. Additionally, this plant species plays a vital role in stabilizing the soil and preventing erosion, especially in areas vulnerable to landslides, such as riverbanks and steep slopes.
Appearance
The Lapland reedgrass plant typically grows up to 60 cm tall and forms dense clumps of narrow leaves that are about 1-3 mm wide and 10-20 cm long. Its spikelets, which are the flowering parts of the plant, are arranged in branched clusters that droop slightly. The spikelets are about 4-8 mm long and have several flowers each, which produce small, round fruits known as caryopses.
The most distinctive feature of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins is the short awns, which are bristles that protrude from the tips of the spikelet flowers. The awns are usually 2-3 mm long in this variety, whereas in other varieties of the species, they can be as long as 10 cm.
Light Requirements
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis prefers full sun to partial shade and can tolerate some shade. It is best to plant it in an area that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
Temperature Requirements
This plant can tolerate cold temperatures and is known to thrive in cooler climates. It can survive in temperatures as low as -20°C (-4°F) and can withstand temperatures as high as 20°C (68°F).
Soil Requirements
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis prefers well-drained, acidic soils that are moist but not waterlogged. It grows well in sandy, loamy, and clay soils. The pH of the soil should range from 5.5 to 6.5. Adding organic matter to the soil can improve its fertility and drainage.
Cultivation of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins, commonly known as Dwarf Arctic Reed Grass, is a low-growing perennial plant that thrives in full to partial sunlight, making it ideal for borders and ground covers. To cultivate this plant, begin by selecting a good location in your garden with well-drained, moist, and slightly acidic soil with a pH level of 5.0 to 6.5.
It's best to plant these grasses in spring when the soil has warmed up. To propagate them, divide the clumps, taking care not to damage the roots. Plant each clump 6 to 12 inches apart to give each plant ample space to grow.
Watering Needs of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins requires moist soil but is sensitive to overwatering, which can cause root rot. Water your plants once a week by soaking the soil up to 1 to 2 inches deep, but reduce watering in cooler months to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilization of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins does not require heavy fertilization, but applying slow-release fertilizer in early spring can give it a boost. Work the fertilizer into the soil evenly around the plant.
Pruning of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins does not require frequent pruning, but you can trim off the spent flowering stems in early spring to promote new growth. Remove any brown or dead foliage at the base of the plant to improve its overall appearance.
Propagation of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis Stebbins is a beautiful perennial grass species that is native to North America. It is a tufted plant that grows 30-60 cm tall and forms dense clumps. Propagation of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis can be done through various methods that this article shall explore.
Propagation via seeds
The most common way of propagating Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis is through seeds. You can obtain the seeds from a reputable seed supplier. The best time to sow the seeds is in the spring or autumn after the last frost. You should ensure that the soil is moist and has a pH level between 5.5-7.5. Sow the seeds on the surface of the soil and cover lightly with a thin layer of soil. Keep the soil moist and place the container in a shaded area. Germination typically takes 1-2 weeks.
Propagation via division
Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis can also be propagated via division. Divide established clumps in the early spring before new growth starts or in the autumn after the growing season has ended. Use a spade or garden fork to dig up the clump and gently separate the root system into smaller sections. Ensure that each section has a healthy root system. Replant the new divisions immediately, and ensure that you water them adequately for the first few weeks.
Propagation via cuttings
Propagation via cuttings is another method of propagating Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis. Take 3-4 inch cuttings from the stem of the plant in the spring or summer. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cuttings in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a pot filled with moist soil, and cover the pot with a plastic bag to create a humidity chamber. Keep the soil moist and place the pot in a shaded area. Roots should develop in 4-6 weeks, and the new plants can be transplanted.
Propagation of Calamagrostis lapponica var. brevipilis can be done via seeds, division, or cuttings. Whichever method you choose, ensure that you provide the right growing conditions to the new plants to ensure that they thrive.
Disease Management
Calamagrostis lapponica (Wahlenb.) Hartman var. brevipilis Stebbins is a hardy plant that is relatively resistant to diseases. However, some diseases that may affect this plant include:
- Leaf rust - This disease manifests as yellow, brown, or reddish-brown spots on leaves. To control this disease, remove infected leaves and ensure adequate air circulation around plants.
- Anthracnose - This disease causes leaf spots that later turn brown. To manage this disease, remove infected leaves and ensure that plants are not overcrowded.
- Powdery mildew - This disease is characterized by white powdery spots on leaves. To prevent powdery mildew, water plants at the base, and ensure that plants are adequately spaced.
Pest Management
Calamagrostis lapponica (Wahlenb.) Hartman var. brevipilis Stebbins is also resistant to pests. However, some pests that may affect this plant include:
- Grasshoppers and locusts - These pests can attack young plants and cause significant damage. To control them, hand-pick and remove them from the plants.
- Slugs and snails - These pests can cause damage to leaves and stems. To manage them, use copper barriers around plants and remove debris from garden beds.
- Spider mites - These pests cause yellowing of leaves and weak growth. To manage them, spray plants with water regularly and use insecticidal soap to control populations.