Plant Profile: Cactus microdasys Lehm.
Cactus microdasys Lehm. also known as the golden ball cactus, is a species of cactus native to Mexico and Central America. It is a well-known ornamental plant due to its unique appearance and low maintenance requirements. The plant belongs to the family Cactaceae and is widely distributed around the world.
Common Names
The cactus microdasys Lehm. has various common names in different parts of the world. In Mexico, it is known as 'Burbuja,' which means 'bubble.' In English-speaking countries, it is commonly referred to as 'Golden ball cactus,' 'Lemon ball cactus,' or 'Cotton ball cactus.' The plant also has other names such as 'Angel's wings' or 'Bunny ears cactus' due to its unique shaped leaves.
General Appearance
The cactus microdasys Lehm. is a small, globular cactus with a height of up to 30 cm. The plant has multiple branches originating from the base, forming a compact mound of leaves. It has small, flattened leaves called 'areoles,' which are covered with golden-yellow spines that can reach up to 2 cm in length. The spines are soft and furry, giving the plants the appearance of a fuzzy ball or cotton ball. The plant can produce small, yellow flowers that develop into olive-shaped fruit.
Uses
The cactus microdasys Lehm. is primarily grown as an ornamental plant due to its unique and charming appearance. It can be grown in containers, gardens, or used for xeriscaping. The plant's furry spines are not sharp and can be touched without causing any harm. However, they can cause skin irritation in some people, and it is recommended to wear gloves when handling the plant. The cactus microdasys Lehm. is also used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as diarrhea, rheumatism, and joint pain.
Light Requirements
Cactus microdasys Lehm. prefers bright, indirect light to direct sunlight. It can tolerate some direct sunlight but too much can burn the plant. Place it near a window facing east, west, or south that provides bright but filtered light throughout the day.
Temperature Requirements
The optimal temperature range for Cactus microdasys Lehm. is between 70°F and 80°F during the day and 60°F to 65°F at night. It can tolerate temperatures outside of this range but extreme variations can cause stress to the plant. Keep it away from drafts and air conditioning units.
Soil Requirements
Cactus microdasys Lehm. thrives in well-draining soil. Use a cactus or succulent-specific potting mix that contains perlite, pumice, or sand. The pH level of the soil should be slightly acidic to neutral. Avoid over-watering as this can lead to root rot.
Cultivation Methods for Cactus Microdasys Lehm.
Cactus microdasys Lehm. is a small, ball-shaped cactus that is native to Mexico and Central America. It can grow up to 30cm in height and width and is cultivated as an ornamental plant in many regions of the world. To cultivate this plant, you will need to follow the steps below:
- Choose a pot with drainage holes as the plant requires well-draining soil to prevent root rot.
- Prepare well-draining soil, use cactus potting mix or add perlite and sand to regular potting soil in a 1:1 ratio.
- Plant the cactus in the pot and place it in a bright, sunny area where it can receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight.
- Keep the temperature between 60°F and 85°F and protect it from frost.
Watering Needs for Cactus Microdasys Lehm.
Cactus microdasys Lehm. does not require much water. Proper watering will help the plant grow well and prevent root rot. Follow the steps below for watering:
- Water this plant only when the soil is completely dry.
- When watering, add enough water to saturate the soil and let the excess water drain out of the pot.
- Reduce watering during winter and rainy months.
- Avoid water on the plant's leaves as it can cause damage.
Fertilization for Cactus Microdasys Lehm.
Cactus microdasys Lehm. does not require frequent fertilization. You can use a cactus fertilizer to provide the required nutrients. Below are the steps to fertilize:
- Fertilize regularly during the growing season which is from spring to fall.
- Use a cactus-formulated fertilizer or any other balanced plant food diluted to half-strength.
- Fertilize once a month is enough for this plant.
Pruning for Cactus Microdasys Lehm.
Cactus microdasys Lehm. requires minimal pruning, but you can prune it to remove any damaged or discolored parts. Below are the steps for pruning:
- Use a clean and sharp pair of scissors or pruning shears to cut off any damaged or discolored parts.
- Prune only during the growing season, which is from spring to fall.
- Wear gloves for safety purposes when handling this plant.
Propagation of Cactus microdasys Lehm.
Cactus microdasys Lehm. is a popular succulent plant that is widely grown in gardens and homes. Propagation of this plant can be done easily using several methods:
Propagation by seeds
Propagation by seeds is a common way to grow Cactus microdasys. Sow the seeds in a well-drained soil mix composed of sand, perlite, and peat moss. Keep the soil moist, and the container in a warm and bright location. The seeds will germinate in 2-3 weeks. Once the seedlings reach a size of 2-3 inches (5-7.5 cm), transfer them into individual pots.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Propagation by stem cuttings is another popular method of growing Cactus microdasys. Cut a stem at least 3 inches (7.5 cm) long from the parent plant using a sharp, sterile knife. Let the cutting dry for a few days in a shaded location to allow the cut end to form a callus. Once the callus has formed, plant the cutting in a well-draining soil mix, and keep it moist. Place the container in bright, indirect light and avoid direct sun exposure. In about a month, the cutting will develop roots and can be transferred to its permanent pot.
Propagation by offsets
Cactus microdasys produces offsets or baby plants that grow from the base of the parent plant. To propagate using offsets, separate the baby plant from the parent plant using a sharp, sterile knife. Allow the offset to dry for a few days to let the cut end heal. Then plant this offset in a well-draining soil mix and water it when the soil is dry. The offset will root and start growing within a few weeks.
Regardless of the propagation method, ensure you provide adequate care to the newly propagated plant to help it grow healthy and robust.
Disease and Pest Management for Cactus microdasys Lehm.
Cactus microdasys Lehm., commonly known as the bunny ears cactus or angel's wings, is a popular indoor and outdoor plant. However, like any other plant, it is vulnerable to various diseases and pests. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Diseases
1. Root Rot: This disease is caused by overwatering the plant, and it can lead to the roots' decay. Signs of root rot include yellowing or wilting of the plant, soft, mushy roots, and a foul odor. To manage root rot, reduce the water frequency, cut back on fertilization, and repot the plant in well-draining soil.
2. Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease appears as a white, powdery substance on the plant's leaves, stem, and flowers. It causes the plant's growth to slow down and may eventually lead to its death. To control powdery mildew, remove the affected parts of the plant, keep the plant in a well-ventilated area, and use a fungicide.
Pests
1. Spider Mites: These tiny pests feed on the plant's sap, leaving behind yellow, stippled leaves that may eventually fall off. They also produce webs on the plant's surface. To manage spider mites, wash the plant with soap and water, prune affected branches, and use an insecticide specifically targeting spider mites.
2. Mealybugs: Mealybugs are small, cotton-like pests that suck sap and cause wilting, yellowing, and stunted growth of the plant. To control mealybugs, remove them manually with a cloth, spray the plant with neem oil, or use an insecticide that targets this pest.
Regularly inspecting the plant for diseases and pests and ensuring the plant's proper care, including adequate light, water, and fertilization, can prevent most problems. Managing diseases and pest problems early on is crucial to prevent significant damage to the plant.
