Overview of Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch.
Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch. is an evergreen shrub that belongs to the Buxaceae family. It is commonly known as the African boxwood and is native to eastern and southern Africa. This plant is known for its ornamental value, and it is a popular choice for topiary and hedge production.
Appearance of Buxus obtusifolia
The African boxwood is a slow-growing plant that can reach a height of up to three meters and a spread of up to two meters. It has small, glossy, dark green leaves that are 1-2cm long and 0.3-1cm wide. The plant also has smooth, grayish-brown bark that peels off in thin strips and produces small, greenish-yellow flowers in early spring.
Common Names of Buxus obtusifolia
Buxus obtusifolia is known by several common names, including African boxwood, Cape box, and Cape boxwood.
Uses of Buxus obtusifolia
The African boxwood has several uses, including ornamental and medicinal purposes. As an ornamental plant, it is valued for its dense foliage, slow growth, and ease of pruning. The plant is commonly used for topiary and hedge production, especially in South Africa.
The leaves and stem of the African boxwood are also used in traditional African medicine. The plant is believed to have antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties, and it is used to treat a variety of ailments, including stomachache, fever, and respiratory infections.
Light Requirements
Buxus obtusifolia typically grows best in partially shaded areas, where it can receive sunlight for 4-6 hours a day. It can also grow in full sun as long as the soil is kept consistently moist. However, too much direct sunlight can cause leaf scorching, resulting in yellow and brown leaves.
Temperature Requirements
This plant can be grown in a wide range of temperatures, between 5°C-35°C. However, it grows optimally at temperatures between 15°C-25°C. It can endure light frosts, but prolonged freezing temperatures can be fatal to the plant.
Soil Requirements
Buxus obtusifolia requires moist, well-draining soil that is slightly acidic (pH 5.5-6.5). It should also be rich in organic matter to promote healthy growth. This species does not tolerate waterlogged soil, and too much moisture can lead to root rot. It benefits from mulching to maintain soil moisture and temperature stability.
Cultivation Methods
Buxus obtusifolia is a versatile shrub that can grow in a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, it thrives best in well-drained soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. The shrub prefers partial to full shade, but it can tolerate full sunlight if the soil is consistently moist.
The plant can be propagated through seed, cuttings, and layering. If you are propagating through cuttings, take the cuttings in the summer and ensure that they are at least 10cm long. It is advisable to dip the cuttings in rooting hormone powder to promote rooting.
Watering Needs
Buxus obtusifolia requires moderate watering, and you should aim to keep the soil consistently moist. Keep in mind that the roots of Buxus are shallow, so it is crucial to avoid overwatering as it can cause root rot. During the hot summer months, the shrub may require more frequent watering.
Fertilization
You can fertilize Buxus obtusifolia in the spring and summer with a balanced fertilizer. Use a slow-release fertilizer to avoid burning the plant's roots. Alternatively, you can use organic fertilizers such as well-rotted manure or compost to nourish the plant as they release nutrients gradually.
Pruning
Pruning is vital for the health and maintenance of Buxus obtusifolia. You can prune the shrub to control its shape and size, remove dead or diseased branches, and to enhance air circulation and light penetration. The best time for pruning is in the spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Use sharp and sterilized pruning tools to avoid damaging the shrub, and make clean cuts just above leaf nodes.
Propagation of Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch.
Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch., commonly known as African boxwood or Cape box, is a slow-growing evergreen shrub that originated from South Africa. It is predominantly propagated vegetatively, either through cuttings or layering, as it is relatively difficult to propagate from seed.
Cuttings
Buxus obtusifolia cuttings can be taken during the early spring or summer months. Semi-hardwood cuttings that are roughly 2-3 inches in length should be selected from woody stems that are firm and healthy. The leaves on the lower half of the cutting should be removed, and the remaining leaves should be trimmed to half their size. They can be treated with rooting hormone and planted in a well-draining potting mix. The cuttings should be kept in shaded areas under high humidity and warm temperatures until they develop roots.
Layering
Buxus obtusifolia can also be propagated through layering. This method involves bending a lower branch of the parent plant into the soil, making a small wound on the branch, and securing it with a wire or a peg. The area of the wound should be treated with rooting hormone. The branch should then be covered with soil, leaving the tip of the branch above the soil level. After a few months, the branch will develop roots, and it can be severed from the parent plant and planted in a new location.
Disease and Pest Management for Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch.
Buxus obtusifolia is a popular ornamental shrub commonly known as Mexican boxwood. While the plant is known for its resistance to pests and diseases, it can still fall prey to some common issues. Here are some of the pests and diseases that can affect Buxus obtusifolia and ways to control them:
Pests
Boxwood Leafminer: It is a common pest that attacks the leaves of the plant, leaving brown blotches that eventually turn into holes. You can detect a boxwood leafminer infestation if you see the leaves turning yellow or light green in color. The best way to control boxwood leafminer is by pruning the affected leaves or spraying insecticides.
Boxwood Psyllid: It is a tiny insect that feeds on the sap from the leaves. You can identify a boxwood psyllid infestation by the presence of small bumps on the leaves. Pruning the affected leaves or spraying insecticides can help control boxwood psyllid.
Mites: Several species of mites, such as boxwood spider mites, can infest Buxus obtusifolia. They feed on the sap from the leaves, causing brown, dry patches. To control mites, you can use insecticidal sprays or predatory mites.
Diseases
Boxwood Blight: It is a fungal disease that causes the leaves to fall off and stems to turn brown. You can identify boxwood blight by the presence of black streaks on the stems. To control this disease, prune the affected leaves and stems and spray the plant with a fungicide.
Root Rot: Overwatering can cause root rot in Buxus obtusifolia, leading to stunted growth and yellow leaves. To control root rot, do not water the plant excessively, and avoid planting it in poorly drained soil. If the condition persists, consider repotting the plant with fresh soil.
Boxwood Decline: It is a fungal disease that causes the plant's branches to die back. You can identify it by the presence of grey fungal growth on the stems and leaves. To control this disease, remove all the affected branches and leaves and spray the plant with a fungicide.
Regular monitoring and prompt action can help keep your Buxus obtusifolia healthy and free from disease and pest infestations. Remember to follow safe and environmentally friendly management practices while controlling pests and diseases.
