Origin
Braya humilis (C.A. Mey.) B.L. Robins. ssp. richardsonii (Rydb.) Hultén, commonly known as Richardson's braya, is a plant species that is native to Arctic regions of North America including Alaska, Canada, and Greenland.
Common Names
Richardson's braya is known by several common names, including Arctic-cress, snow cress, and glacier mustard.
Uses
Richardson's braya has several uses in traditional Inuit medicine. The plant is believed to have antiviral, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties, and can be used as a remedy for colds, coughs, and sore throat. The leaves of the plant can also be eaten raw or cooked and are a good source of vitamins and minerals.
General Appearance
Richardson's braya is a low-growing perennial herb that grows up to 10 centimeters in height. The plant has small, white flowers that bloom in early summer and produces small, oval-shaped seed pods. The leaves of the plant are semi-succulent and are grey-green in color. Richardson's braya prefers to grow in rocky, gravelly soil in subarctic and Arctic regions and is often found growing on glacial moraines and rocky outcrops.
Light Requirements
Braya humilis ssp. richardsonii can grow in full sun to partial shade. Ideally, it should receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. However, it can tolerate some shade, as long as it is not complete shade all day long.
Temperature Requirements
This plant is well-adapted to cold regions. It grows best in areas with average temperatures of 0 to 10°C (32 to 50°F). During the winter, the temperatures can go as low as -10°C (14°F) with snow cover. In the summer, the temperatures can rise to 20°C (68°F), but the plant can tolerate even higher temperatures if there is moisture in the soil.
Soil Requirements
Braya humilis ssp. richardsonii requires well-draining soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. It prefers moist, slightly acidic soils that are high in organic matter. The soil should be deep enough to allow the plant's roots to spread out. It is important that the soil has good drainage to avoid waterlogging, as this can lead to root rot. The plant can grow in rocky, sandy, or even gravelly soils, but it does best in rich topsoil. Additionally, it is well-adapted to nutrient-poor soils found in tundra and alpine regions.
Cultivation Methods
Braya humilis (C.A. Mey.) B.L. Robins. ssp. richardsonii (Rydb.) Hultén is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the mustard family. The plant is native to the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of Canada and Alaska, where it grows in moist, gravelly soil. To cultivate this plant, it is crucial to mimic its natural habitat. You can grow this plant in a raised garden bed filled with a sandy loam soil mix that drains well. Also, ensure that the planting location receives between 4-6 hours of direct sunlight per day.Watering Needs
Braya humilis is a plant that prefers consistently moist soil, but not waterlogged, as it may lead to root rot. During the growing season, water the plant weekly, ensuring that the soil is moist to a depth of at least 6 inches. In hotter climates, you may need to water the plant more frequently, especially during extended dry spells. During winter, cut back on watering and only provide enough water to keep the soil from drying out.Fertilization
To promote healthy growth, fertilize your Braya humilis plant with a 10-10-10 fertilizer once every four to six weeks during the growing season. However, ensure that you use fertilizers that are low in nitrogen, as high nitrogen levels may damage the root system. Apply the fertilizer sparingly according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer to avoid burning the plant's roots.Pruning
Braya humilis is a low-growing plant, and pruning is not necessary. However, you can deadhead spent flowers to encourage the plant to produce more blooms. Additionally, you may need to remove any dried or yellow leaves as they may harbor pests and diseases that can spread to other parts of the plant. Use sharp, sterilized pruning shears to make clean cuts that do not damage the remaining plant tissue.Propagation of Braya humilis ssp. richardsonii
Braya humilis is a hardy, perennial plant that can be propagated through several methods:
Seed Propagation
The easiest method of propagation for Braya humilis is through seeds. Collect seeds when the seed capsules have dried and split open. This is usually towards the end of the summer or early fall. Clean the seeds and store them in a cool, dry place until ready to plant. Sow the seeds indoors in late winter or early spring using well-draining soil. Keep the soil consistently moist until the seeds germinate, which is usually within four to six weeks. Once the plants have developed several leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the garden.
Division
Braya humilis can also be propagated through division. Divide plants in the spring or fall when the plants are dormant. Carefully dig up the plant and separate the root system into several sections using a sharp knife or garden tool. Replant each section in well-draining soil and water thoroughly.
Cuttings
Braya humilis can be propagated through cuttings as well. Take cuttings from new growth in the spring or early summer. Cuttings should be four to six inches long and taken from healthy, disease-free plants. Remove the leaves from the bottom of the cutting and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Place the cutting in well-draining soil and keep the soil consistently moist until roots have formed, which usually takes four to six weeks.
Regardless of the propagation method chosen, it is important to maintain adequate moisture and provide the plants with well-draining soil. Braya humilis also prefers cool temperatures and may require protection from extreme heat.
Disease Management
Braya humilis ssp. richardsonii may be affected by several diseases, including:
- Blackleg: This bacterial disease causes wilting and blackening of the stem. Remove infected plants promptly and dispose of them away from the garden. Avoid planting susceptible crops, such as cabbage, mustard, and radish, in the same area for at least three years.
- Downy Mildew: This fungal disease causes yellowing of the leaves and a downy growth on the undersides. Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering to prevent the spread of spores. Remove infected leaves and use a fungicide if necessary.
- Rust: This fungal disease causes orange-brown pustules on the leaves. Remove infected leaves and use a fungicide according to the manufacturer's instructions.
To prevent diseases, ensure that the soil is well-draining and the plant has adequate sunlight and spacing. Practice crop rotation and keep the garden clean of debris.
Pest Management
Braya humilis ssp. richardsonii is relatively pest-resistant, but some insects may attack it, including:
- Aphids: These small insects suck on the sap of the leaves and stems, causing wilting and yellowing. Wash them off with a strong stream of water or use insecticidal soap if necessary.
- Cutworms: These caterpillars cut off the seedling at the base of the stem. Place collars around the base of the plant or use a biological control, such as Bacillus thuringiensis, according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Encourage natural predators, such as ladybugs and lacewings, to control insect populations. Avoid using pesticides unless necessary and follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully.
