Origin
Brachyelytrum silvaticum, also known as shortawns silverspike, is a native grass species found in North America, particularly in the eastern part of the continent. It is commonly found in moist, wooded areas, often in swampy or boggy terrain.
Common Names
Aside from shortawns silverspike, Brachyelytrum silvaticum also goes by other common names such as forest wheatgrass, silver spike grass, and northern brome.
Uses
Brachyelytrum silvaticum has several uses and benefits. It is an important species for soil stabilization in wetland habitats, as its roots help hold soil in place. The grass also provides food and habitat for native wildlife such as birds and small mammals. Additionally, Brachyelytrum silvaticum can be used as a forage crop for livestock, though it is not as commonly cultivated as other grass species.
General Appearance
Brachyelytrum silvaticum typically grows to a height of one to three feet and can form dense stands in suitable habitats. The grass has narrow, flat leaves that are green in color and can grow to be up to eight inches in length. The seed heads of Brachyelytrum silvaticum are a distinguishing feature, as they are long and slender, up to 10 inches in length, and tinged with a silvery color. When in bloom, the seed heads of the grass are also covered in tiny, hair-like structures that give them a feathery appearance.
Light Requirements
Brachyelytrum silvaticum typically grows in partially shaded areas. It can tolerate both direct and indirect sunlight, but will not thrive in full shade. The plant prefers dappled sunlight or areas with filtered light, such as those with overhead tree cover.
Temperature Requirements
This plant is native to temperate regions and prefers cooler temperatures. It can tolerate heat up to about 80°F (27°C) but will not grow well in hot conditions. The ideal temperature range for this plant is between 60-70°F (15-21°C). It is also cold-hardy and can survive temperatures as low as -40°F (-40°C).
Soil Requirements
Brachyelytrum silvaticum prefers well-draining, moist soil with a slightly acidic pH. It can grow in a range of soil types, including loam, clay, and sand. However, it does not tolerate waterlogged soil or drought conditions and requires consistent moisture. The plant also benefits from occasional fertilization with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth.
Cultivation Methods
Brachyelytrum silvaticum (K.Schum.) Hack., commonly referred to as Shortawn Woodoat, is a perennial ornamental grass native to North America. This plant can grow up to 2-3 feet tall and thrives in partial to full shade with well-drained moist soil. To cultivate this plant, start by selecting a suitable location with the right soil type, and light conditions. Since it grows well in partial to full shade, it is best to avoid areas that receive intense sunlight. Loosen the soil and incorporate organic matter into the planting hole. Transplant seedlings directly into your garden or container as soon as they are established.
Watering Needs
Shortawn Woodoat has moderate water requirements and prefers a consistently moist but not waterlogged soil. You should water it regularly during active growth to promote healthy foliage and ensure water penetration to the root zone. Avoid overwatering or allowing the soil to become bone dry since it can lead to stress, wilting, and other health problems. Always check the soil moisture levels before watering your plants, and adjust the watering frequency based on the weather conditions and plant needs.
Fertilization
Shortawn Woodoat does not require heavy fertilization but can benefit from occasional feeding to maintain its vigor and growth. Use a balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous at a rate of 1 tablespoon per plant or 2-3 pounds per 100 square feet. Apply the fertilizer in early spring before new growth begins, and again in mid-summer to boost the plant's performance. Always follow the recommended rates and methods for fertilization to avoid overfeeding and burning the plant.
Pruning
Brachyelytrum silvaticum (K.Schum.) Hack. does not require regular pruning but can benefit from occasional tidying up to remove dead, damaged, or diseased leaves and stems. Use sanitized pruning shears or scissors to cut back the affected parts to the base of the plant or immediately above a leaf node. You can also trim the plant's flowering stalks after the seeds have ripened and fallen off to promote new growth and bushier appearance. Always avoid cutting back more than one-third of the plant's total foliage in a single pruning session, since it can compromise its health and growth.
Overview of Brachyelytrum silvaticum Propagation
Brachyelytrum silvaticum, commonly known as the forest shorthusk, is a deciduous perennial grass that grows in moist woodlands and along streams in North America. It can be propagated by seed, division, and transplants.
Seed Propagation
Seeds of Brachyelytrum silvaticum should be sown in the fall or early spring outdoors in well-drained, loamy soil. The soil should be kept moist until germination occurs, which usually takes about two to four weeks. Seeds can also be sown indoors in early spring, but this is less common. Seedlings should be thinned to 6-12 inches apart once they reach 2-3 inches in height.
Division Propagation
Brachyelytrum silvaticum can be propagated by dividing mature plants in early spring or early fall. The plant should be dug up and the root system gently separated. The divided sections can then be planted in a new location with well-drained soil and kept moist until established. Divided plants should be spaced 6-12 inches apart.
Transplant Propagation
Brachyelytrum silvaticum can also be propagated by transplanting seedlings or divisions. Seedlings should be transplanted in the spring or fall when they are 2-3 inches tall and spaced 6-12 inches apart. Divisions should be transplanted in early spring or early fall and spaced 6-12 inches apart.
Disease Management
Brachyelytrum silvaticum is susceptible to several diseases that can cause severe damage if not managed. Here are some common ones:
- Rust: Rust causes orange to yellow pustules on the leaves, leading to defoliation. To control rust, prune and destroy affected leaves, avoid overhead watering, and use fungicides as directed by the manufacturer.
- Leaf spot: Leaf spot causes small, dark spots on the leaves, which enlarge and merge. To control leaf spot, prune and destroy affected leaves, avoid watering the foliage, and use fungicides as directed by the manufacturer.
- Smuts: Smuts cause black masses of fungal spores on the stems and leaves. To control smuts, prune and destroy affected parts, avoid overhead watering, and use fungicides as directed by the manufacturer.
Pest Management
Brachyelytrum silvaticum is generally pest-resistant, but there are some pests that can cause problems if not managed. Here are some common ones:
- Spider mites: Spider mites suck sap from the leaves, causing them to yellow and drop prematurely. To control spider mites, spray the plant with water frequently to dislodge them, avoid overhead watering, and use miticides as directed.
- Slugs and snails: Slugs and snails can damage the young shoots and leaves. To control them, remove debris and hiding places, use slug baits, or hand pick them at night.
- Deer: Deer can damage the whole plant by grazing on the leaves. To control deer, use deer repellents, erect physical barriers, or plant deer-resistant plants around the Brachyelytrum silvaticum.
