Origin
Brachyelytrum septentrionale (Babel) G. Tucker is a perennial plant that is native to North America. It is commonly found in the eastern regions of North America, including the United States and Canada.
Common Names
Brachyelytrum septentrionale (Babel) G. Tucker is commonly referred to as Northern Short-awned Grass or Northern Wood-oat Grass.
Uses
Brachyelytrum septentrionale (Babel) G. Tucker is known for its use in ornamental settings and for erosion control. It is also commonly used as a forage crop for livestock, as it has a high nutritional value and is palatable to animals.
General Appearance
Brachyelytrum septentrionale (Babel) G. Tucker typically grows to be between 30-100 cm tall. It has flat leaves that are approximately 4-10 mm wide. The inflorescence is a panicle, which is a branching cluster of flowers, and is typically 8-25 cm long. The flowers themselves are small, and can range in color from green to purple. The seeds are small and are dispersed by the wind.
Light Requirements
Brachyelytrum septentrionale is a shade-tolerant plant and prefers moist, semi-shaded areas. It adapts well to full sun, but it displays optimal growth and reproduction under partial shade conditions.
Temperature Requirements
The preferred temperature range for Brachyelytrum septentrionale varies by region, but in general, it can tolerate conditions from 20 to 30°C (68-86°F) during the growing season. During the dormant season, colder temperatures can be tolerated, with some plants surviving temperatures as low as -40°C (-40°F).
Soil Requirements
Brachyelytrum septentrionale grows best in fertile, well-draining soil. The ideal pH ranges from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (6.0-7.5). It can tolerate a variety of soil types, but it requires relatively high soil moisture levels and may not tolerate extended periods of drought.
Cultivation
Brachyelytrum septentrionale, also known as northern shorthusk, is a cool-season bunchgrass that thrives in moist meadows, marshes, and along streambanks. It needs full sun to partial shade and prefers wet, well-drained soil rich in organic matter. It can be propagated from seed sown in the spring or early fall.
Watering Needs
Since Brachyelytrum septentrionale thrives in moist soil, it requires regular watering, especially during the hot summer months. However, the plant does not tolerate standing water. Overwatering can lead to root rot and fungal diseases.
Fertilization
Brachyelytrum septentrionale does not require frequent fertilization. Heavy fertilization can lead to an abundance of soft growth, which can make the plant more susceptible to pests and diseases. A light application of a balanced fertilizer in the early spring can help promote growth.
Pruning
Brachyelytrum septentrionale does not require much pruning except for the occasional removal of dead or damaged leaves. To prevent self-seeding, deadhead the plant after flowering. Since this is a grass, avoid cutting it too short, as it can damage the plant or make it more prone to drying out.
Propagation of Brachyelytrum septentrionale (Babel) G. Tucker
Brachyelytrum septentrionale, commonly known as northern shorthusk or northern badlands grass, is a cool season, native, perennial bunchgrass that is found throughout North America. It is typically propagated via seed, but can also be propagated through rhizome division.
Propagation by Seed
The most common method of propagation for Brachyelytrum septentrionale is through seed. The seeds should be collected when they are mature and dry on the plant. The collected seeds should then be cleaned, removing any debris. The cleaned seeds can be stored for up to a year in a cool, dry place.
When ready to plant, scarification is recommended to increase germination rate. This can be done by rubbing the seeds on sandpaper or lightly scraping the surface of the seed with a knife. Pre-soaking the seeds in water for 24 hours before planting can also improve germination rates.
Seeds can be planted in the fall or spring. In the fall, seeds can be broadcasted on the soil surface or drilled into the soil at a depth of 1/4 inch. If planting in the spring, seeds should be stratified before planting. This can be done by mixing the seeds with slightly moist sand or vermiculite and refrigerating for 2-3 months before planting. Seeds should be planted in a prepared seedbed with good drainage and soil fertility. Germination typically occurs within 14-21 days.
Propagation by Rhizome Division
In addition to seed propagation, Brachyelytrum septentrionale can also be propagated through rhizome division. This method is typically used for plant propagation in conservation and restoration projects. The rhizomes should be collected either in the fall after the plants have gone dormant or in the spring before the plants start to actively grow.
To propagate through rhizome division, the rhizomes should be cut into 2-3 inch sections and planted in a prepared seedbed with good drainage and soil fertility. Planting depth should be such that the uppermost portion of the rhizome is level with the soil surface. Adequate irrigation and weed management should be provided to ensure optimal growth and establishment.
Disease Management
Brachyelytrum septentrionale is a relatively disease-resistant plant, but it can sometimes get infected by foliar diseases such as rust and leaf spots. Early detection and proper management of these diseases are essential to maintain the plant's health.
To manage foliar diseases, it is recommended to prune the affected leaves and use a fungicide, following the instructions on the product label. Applying a layer of mulch around the base of the plant can help prevent fungal spores from splashing up onto the leaves.
Pest Management
There are few pests that commonly attack Brachyelytrum septentrionale. The main pests affecting this plant are aphids, which can cause significant damage to the foliage and stunts growth. These pests can be managed through the use of insecticidal soaps or neem oil. Applying these treatments as soon as the aphids are first observed can prevent significant damage.
Another pest that may affect this plant is slugs. These pests feed on the leaves, leaving irregular holes in the foliage. Handpicking the slugs and creating a barrier around the plant with copper tape or diatomaceous earth can help keep them away.
