Overview
Brachyachne upembaensis, also known as Upemba brachyachne, is a perennial grass that is native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It belongs to the family Poaceae.
Common Names
Aside from Upemba brachyachne, the plant is also known by its scientific name Brachyachne upembaensis.
Appearance
The plant typically grows up to 1 meter high and has a tufted habitus. Its stem is slender and round, and it can have a few branches. Its leaves are linear, flat or folded, and glabrous. The inflorescences are panicles that can grow up to 15 cm in length. The spikelets are green and have awns that are 1-2 cm long.
Uses
Brachyachne upembaensis is used as a medicinal plant by the indigenous people of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its roots and leaves are used to treat various ailments, such as cough, fever, and stomach ache. The plant is also used for grazing by livestock.
Light Requirements
Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken prefers to grow in a partially shaded environment. It can tolerate some direct sunlight, but excessive exposure to light can harm the plant.
Temperature Requirements
This plant species thrives in a temperate to subtropical climate. It prefers temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C during the day and 5°C to 15°C at night. Extreme fluctuations in temperature can affect its growth and development.
Soil Requirements
The soil for Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken must be relatively fertile and well-draining to allow adequate root growth. A soil pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 is ideal for this plant. It can tolerate different soil textures as long as the soil does not become waterlogged. Regularly fertilizing the soil with a balanced fertilizer can encourage healthy growth.
Cultivation methods
Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken is originally from the grasslands of central Africa, where it grows at an altitude of around 1500m. For optimal growth, it is recommended to cultivate this plant in a similar environment, with a sunny location and well-draining soil. This plant can be propagated through division or seeds.
Watering needs
This plant prefers moderate watering, as it is adapted to dry conditions. Therefore, it is recommended to water it only when the soil is dry to a depth of about 2-3cm. Overwatering may cause root rot, which can harm the plant.
Fertilization
To maintain the optimal growth and health of Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken, one should fertilize it twice a year during the growing season - once in spring and once in mid-summer with a balanced fertilizer. Avoid using highly concentrated fertilizers as they can harm the plant roots.
Pruning
Pruning Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken is not necessary, but if done, it should be done only to remove any damaged or diseased leaves. When trimming, cut the leaves at their base, as it helps the plant regrow new foliage fast.
Propagation of Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken
The plant Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken can be propagated using seeds or by division.
Propagation by seeds
The seeds of Brachyachne upembaensis Van der Veken can be sown directly in the ground or in seed trays. The best time to sow the seeds is in spring or early summer. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining soil mix and covered with a thin layer of soil. They should be kept moist but not waterlogged. Germination occurs within three weeks under suitable conditions.
Propagation by division
The plant can also be propagated by division during active growth periods. The clumps should be lifted and divided into smaller sections using a sharp knife. The separated sections should be planted in pots filled with a well-draining soil mix and watered well. Once the roots establish, they can be transplanted into the garden. The ideal time for dividing the plant is in spring or early autumn.
Disease Management
Brachyachne upembaensis is generally a healthy plant; however, it can still fall prey to a few diseases. The most common disease affecting this plant is fungal leaf spot. This disease appears as small, dark brown or black spots on leaves that progressively grow larger, causing leaves to turn yellow and eventually fall off. To manage this disease, one should remove infected leaves and dispose of them in the trash. Also, avoid watering the plant from above and instead water only the soil to prevent the fungal spores from spreading. If the condition persists, apply a fungicide according to the package instructions.
Pest Management
The most significant pest affecting Brachyachne upembaensis is often snails, slugs, and aphids. These pests feed on the tender new growth and can significantly damage the plant if left unchecked. To control these pests, one can handpick them off the plant or create a physical barrier like copper tape around the plant. Another alternative is to use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Follow the package instructions when applying any insecticides.
