Origin
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. It is native to North America, specifically in the central and eastern parts of the United States.
Common Names
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. has several common names, including common beardgrass, swamp bluegrass, and needle-and-thread grass. The name "beardgrass" refers to the hair-like awns that protrude from the spikelets.
Uses
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. has primarily forage uses as the grass is highly palatable to livestock. Additionally, it is utilized for its soil stabilization properties, particularly in wetlands and riparian zones. The grass is also used for erosion control on slopes and in disturbed areas such as roadsides and construction sites.
General Appearance
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. typically grows in clumps from 1 to 3 feet tall. The leaves are flat, elongated, and have sharp edges. The seed heads are spike-like and erect, with hair-like awns that are up to 2 inches long. The plant generally blooms in the late summer to early fall, producing dense clusters of tiny flowers.
Light Requirements
Bothriochloa pertusa generally requires full sunlight to grow properly. This plant does not tolerate shade as it needs an adequate amount of sunlight to carry out photosynthesis, which is essential for its growth and survival.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers warm temperatures and grows best in areas with a hot climate. Bothriochloa pertusa is usually found in regions with average temperatures of 20–30°C (68–86°F) and does not tolerate frost or temperatures below freezing.
Soil Requirements
Bothriochloa pertusa grows in a wide range of soil types, including sandy or clay loams, but prefers well-draining soils. The ideal soil pH for this plant is between 6.5 and 7.5. It also prefers soils with high organic matter content and adequate moisture levels, but does not tolerate waterlogged soil.
Cultivation
Bothriochloa pertusa auct., or commonly known as the Australian bluestem grass, can be easily cultivated in full sunlight or partially shaded areas. The ideal soil condition for this plant is loose, well-draining soil. It grows well in hardiness zones 8 through 10.
Watering Needs
When planted in the garden or landscape, the Australian bluestem grass should receive at least 1 inch of water every week. It is best to water the plant in the morning to avoid excess moisture during the night, which may lead to fungal growth.
Fertilization
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. does not require frequent fertilization. However, giving the plant a balanced fertilizer once every two months during its growing season will promote healthy and robust growth. Always follow the recommended dosage and application instructions on the fertilizer packaging.
Pruning
Pruning the Australian bluestem grass is essential in maintaining a healthy and attractive-looking plant. It is recommended to cut down the entire clump to just a few inches above the ground during the early spring season. After pruning, it is crucial to remove all the dead foliage and debris from the plant's area to prevent pest infestation.
Propagation methods of Bothriochloa pertusa auct.
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. is commonly propagated by seeds. The seeds are small and can be sown directly into the garden bed or in containers. It is best to sow the seeds during the fall, as the plant is dormant during winter.
The seeds should be planted about 1/4 inch deep into the soil. The soil should be kept consistently moist throughout the germination period. Germination will take between 7-21 days, depending on the temperature and moisture levels.
Another method of propagation is through dividing the plant. This method is typically used to propagate mature plants that have outgrown their space. The plant should be dug up and carefully divided using a sharp knife or shovel. Each division should have its own root system and several stems.
Once the plant has been divided, it should be immediately planted in a hole that is twice the size of the root system. The plant should be watered thoroughly and the soil kept moist in the days following planting.
Disease Management
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. is generally a hardy plant that is resistant to most diseases. However, it is still susceptible to some common fungal infections such as Anthracnose and Leaf Spot. To manage these diseases, you should apply a copper-based fungicide on the affected parts of the plant. It is also important to practice good hygiene around the plant by removing any infected debris and disposing of it appropriately to prevent further spread of the illness.
Pest Management
Bothriochloa pertusa auct. is generally not affected by major pests. However, it can be attacked by some minor pests such as grasshoppers and caterpillars. These pests can be managed using biological control methods or by using an insecticide. Biological control methods involve releasing natural predators of the pests near the plant. Insecticides can also be used to spray the affected areas of the plant. It is important to use the insecticide as prescribed and to adhere to safety instructions provided by the manufacturer to protect both the plant and user.