Overview
Blepharis spathularis, also known as Nees or T.Anderson, is a small herbaceous plant with several common names. This plant is native to India and is often used in traditional medicine due to its medicinal properties. In addition, it is grown as an ornamental plant due to its attractive appearance.
General Appearance
The Blepharis spathularis plant grows up to 30 cm in height with a spread of up to 15 cm. It has narrow leaves which are spathulate or linear-lanceolate in shape. These leaves are arranged opposite to each other and are covered with fine hairs. The inflorescence of this plant is a spike-like raceme that produces small and attractive blue-purple flowers with a yellowish-brown center. The fruits of this plant are capsules that contain small, black seeds.
Common Names
The Blepharis spathularis plant has several common names such as Blue Stonecrop, Scorpion Tail, Eyelash Plant, and False Echinops. In India, it is known as Badiyal.
Uses
The Blepharis spathularis plant is known for its medicinal properties and is used to treat various ailments such as digestive and respiratory disorders, fever, inflammation, and skin diseases. Its roots and leaves contain several bioactive compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and steroids that are responsible for its medicinal properties. In addition, this plant is also grown as an ornamental plant in gardens due to its attractive blue-purple flowers.
Overall, the Blepharis spathularis is an attractive and versatile plant that is valued for its medicinal and ornamental uses.
Light Requirements
Blepharis spathularis (Nees) T.Anderson prefers to grow in full sunlight. In its natural habitat, it is often found in open areas with plenty of exposure to direct sunlight. Therefore, it is recommended to provide this plant with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day to ensure optimal growth.
Temperature Requirements
This plant can tolerate a wide range of temperatures but prefers warm to hot conditions. It grows best in daytime temperatures that range from 25°C to 35°C and night-time temperatures that range from 15°C to 25°C. The plant can survive temperatures as high as 45°C and as low as 10°C but it will not grow as well under such conditions.
Soil Requirements
Blepharis spathularis (Nees) T.Anderson prefers well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter. The plant can grow in a variety of soils but prefers sandy or loamy soil. It can also grow in soils that are slightly acidic or alkaline. However, soil acidity should not be below 5.5 pH or above 7.5 pH. Waterlogged soils should be avoided as it can cause root rot.
Cultivation methods
Blepharis spathularis is a hardy plant that requires moderate care. When planting, ensure the soil is well-draining and rich in nutrients, as the plant prefers loamy soils. The plant can be grown either from seeds or cuttings. However, the cuttings have higher chances of successful growth. Transplant the young plant into well-draining fertile soil with sufficient space for future growth.
Watering needs
Although the plant is drought tolerant and can withstand extended periods without water, watering should be done regularly for optimal growth. Blepharis spathularis requires a moderate amount of water, and care should be taken not to overwater or underwater the plant. The soil should be moist but not wet, as excess moisture can result in root rot and other fungal infections. During the winter months, limit watering to prevent waterlogging of the soil.
Fertilization
To promote healthy growth, Blepharis spathularis should be fertilized with a balanced fertilizer every four weeks during the growing season. The plant requires a moderate amount of nitrogen, which stimulates the growth of lush foliage. Phosphorus and potassium should be added to encourage flowering and improve the plant's overall vigor. Over-fertilization should be avoided, as it can lead to foliage burn and affect the plant's growth negatively.
Pruning
Pruning is essential for maintaining the shape and size of Blepharis spathularis. Pruning should be done during the winter when the plant is in dormancy. Only remove dead or diseased branches and avoid over-pruning. The plant is relatively slow-growing and does not require frequent trimming. However, regular pruning can improve the plant's overall health and stimulate growth.
Propagation of Blepharis spathularis
Blepharis spathularis, commonly known as Spoon-leaved Blepharis, is a perennial plant that can be easily propagated by using seeds and stem cuttings.
Propagation by seeds
The seeds of Blepharis spathularis can be collected from the mature plant during the months of March-April. The collected seeds should be soaked in cold water for at least a day to increase their germination rate. The seeds should be sown in well-draining soil approximately 10-15 mm deep. The seeds should be kept moist and exposed to sunlight for optimum growth. Germination typically takes 3-4 weeks under appropriate conditions.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Stem cuttings are another efficient method to propagate Blepharis spathularis. The cuttings should be taken during the active growth stage of the plant in spring or early summer. The cutting should be taken from a mature plant that is at least 6 inches in height. The bottom of the cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone powder to encourage the development of roots. The cuttings should then be planted in well-drained soil. The soil should be kept constantly moist and the cutting should be placed in a location which will receive filtered sunlight. Within a few weeks, new roots will begin to develop and new growth will emerge.
Caring for the propagated plants
Both propagated seedlings and stem cuttings require consistent moisture and well-drained soil for healthy growth. It is best to water the plants in the early morning or late evening to avoid water loss due to evaporation. The plant should be fertilized with a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season. The propagated plants should be kept in a location with partial shade to promote growth, but not in direct sunlight to avoid damage to the plant's foliage.
Disease Management
Blepharis spathularis is a relatively disease-resistant plant, but several diseases can still affect it. One of the most common diseases is leaf spot, which is caused by fungi that thrive in moist conditions. Symptoms of leaf spot include yellowing of the leaves, followed by the appearance of brown spots. To manage this disease, it is essential to maintain good sanitation practices by removing fallen leaves and debris. Fungicides can also be used to prevent the spread of the disease.
Another disease that affects Blepharis spathularis is powdery mildew, which is characterized by a white powdery coating on the leaves. The disease can be prevented by ensuring that the plant is adequately spaced and ventilated to promote good airflow. If the disease is already present, it can be managed using fungicides and by removing infected leaves.
Pest Management
Blepharis spathularis is relatively pest-resistant, but various insects can still attack the plant. One of the most common pests is spider mites, which feed on the leaves, causing damage that appears as tiny white or yellow dots. These pests can be managed by regularly washing the plant with water or using insecticides.
Caterpillars can also affect the plant, causing severe damage to the leaves and stem. The use of insecticides is an effective way to manage caterpillars, but handpicking them off the plant is also an option. Snails and slugs can also be a problem, particularly in moist conditions. They can be managed by placing a barrier of copper tape around the plant or using baits.
