Origin and Common Names
Biophytum nyikense Exell is a plant species that belongs to the Biophytum genus under the family Oxalidaceae. This plant species is endemic to tropical Africa, particularly in Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. It is commonly known as "silver leaves" or "Nyika biophytum."
Appearance
Biophytum nyikense Exell is a small, perennial herb that grows up to 20 cm in height. It has a slender and branched stem, and its leaves are small, measuring 0.5-4 cm long and 1-10 mm wide. The leaves are elliptic or ovate in shape and have a silver-green color, which explains its common name "silver leaves." The flowers of this plant species are small, white, and appear in clusters.
Uses
Biophytum nyikense Exell has traditional medicinal uses in many African countries. It is believed that its roots, leaves, and stem extracts can treat various ailments, including fever, headaches, stomach pains, and wounds. The plant extracts are also used as anti-inflammatory agents and to alleviate symptoms of skin irritations. Additionally, Biophytum nyikense Exell is an ornamental plant that is suitable for adding a touch of color to rock gardens or as potted indoor plants.
Light Requirements
Biophytum nyikense Exell thrives in medium to bright light conditions. They should receive at least 4 to 6 hours of indirect sunlight per day. However, direct sunlight should be avoided, as it can cause sunburn or damage to the leaves. It is best to place them in an area with filtered or diffused light.
Temperature Requirements
Biophytum nyikense Exell prefers warm temperatures between 18°C to 28°C. They can tolerate slightly lower temperatures, but they should not be subjected to temperatures lower than 10°C. Avoid exposing them to cold drafts from windows, doors, or air conditioning units, as it can lead to leaf damage or the onset of diseases.
Soil Requirements
Biophytum nyikense Exell prefers a well-draining soil mixture that is rich in organic matter. A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite could be suitable for the plant's growth. It is essential to maintain a slightly acidic soil pH between 5.5 and 6.5. The plant can be sensitive to heavy soil, which can retain water and cause root rot, so ensure adequate drainage.
Cultivation of Biophytum nyikense Exell
Biophytum nyikense Exell is a tropical plant that grows best in warm and humid conditions. It is essential to provide the right growing conditions for it to thrive.
The plant requires bright, indirect light to grow correctly, which means it needs to be placed in an area where it can receive plenty of sunlight, but without direct sunlight touching the leaves. It is ideal to place it near a North-facing window.
The Biophytum nyikense Exell plant prefers a consistently moist soil medium. You should ensure that it is watered regularly, but not excessively. To prevent the soil from becoming waterlogged, it is best to use pots with good drainage and keep the soil loose and airy.
Watering needs of Biophytum nyikense Exell
Biophytum nyikense Exell prefers frequent watering but they should not be overwatered, which can lead to root rot. The plants should be watered thoroughly when the top layer of soil is dry to the touch but should not be allowed to dry out completely.
It is important to keep the soil evenly moist, but not saturated, as this will ensure that the plant remains healthy and happy. You may want to mist the plant regularly to keep the leaves hydrated, which is especially important in dry environments or during winter months
Fertilization of Biophytum nyikense Exell
Biophytum nyikense Exell will benefit from regular fertilization. Fertilize the plant every two weeks, or once a month. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer for indoor plants.
Avoid over-fertilization, as this can cause the plant to become susceptible to disease and other problems. It is advisable to dilute the fertilizer solution to half the recommended concentration to avoid causing harm to the plant and the soil
Pruning for Biophytum nyikense Exell
Pruning is essential for maintaining the shape and size of Biophytum nyikense Exell. Prune the plant regularly to keep it tidy and prevent it from becoming too leggy or top-heavy.
It is best to prune the plant in spring or early summer, which are the optimal periods for pruning indoor plants. Remove any dead, damaged, or yellowing leaves and stems to retain the plant’s health and promote new growth.
You can sterilize the pruning tools before use to prevent the risk of diseases spreading through the plant. It is also advisable to give the plant some time to recover after pruning before resuming normal care.
Propagation of Biophytum nyikense Exell
Biophytum nyikense Exell, also known as the African little tree, is a tropical plant that belongs to the Oxalidaceae family. It is a small, clumping herb that is typically 5-20 cm tall and has distinctive, palmately-lobed leaves.
Propagation of Biophytum nyikense Exell can be done by two methods:
1. Seed propagation
The African little tree can be propagated by seeds. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining potting mix and kept moist. The pot should be covered with a plastic sheet or kept in a propagator to maintain moisture levels. The seeds will germinate within 14-21 days when kept in a warm and humid environment.
2. Stem cutting propagation
Biophytum nyikense Exell can also be propagated by stem cuttings. Stem cuttings should be taken from a healthy plant during the growing season. Cuttings should be at least 10 cm in length and should have 2-3 nodes. The cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone and planted in well-draining soil. The soil should be kept moist and the cutting should be kept in a warm, shaded area until roots develop.
Propagation of Biophytum nyikense Exell by either seed or stem cutting can be successful if proper care is taken.
Disease and Pest Management of Biophytum nyikense Exell
Biophytum nyikense Exell is a rare and beautiful plant that is susceptible to various diseases and pests. Proper disease and pest management practices are crucial for the plant's growth and health. Here we will discuss some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and suggest ways to manage them.
Common Diseases
Root Rot: Root rot is a severe disease that affects many plants, including Biophytum nyikense Exell. It is caused by a fungus that thrives in wet, poorly drained soil. The infected plant's roots become soft, brown, and rotted, leading to stunted growth and yellowing leaves. To avoid this disease, ensure that the soil drains well and does not become oversaturated with water. Additionally, avoid overwatering the plant.
Leaf Spot:Leaf spot is a fungal disease that causes small, dark spots on the leaves of Biophytum nyikense Exell. As the disease progresses, the leaves become yellow and fall off. To manage this disease, remove the infected leaves and discard them to stop the spread of the disease. Spraying the plant with a fungicide can also help prevent future infections.
Common Pests
Spider Mites:Spider mites are tiny pests that are hard to detect but can cause significant damage to Biophytum nyikense Exell. They feed on the plant's sap, causing yellow leaves, stunted growth, and webbing. To manage this pest, spray the plant with water to dislodge the mites and improve humidity. A neem oil solution can also help control the infestation.
Mealybugs:Mealybugs are white, fuzzy insects that feed on the plant's sap. They can cause yellowing leaves, wilting, and stunted growth. To manage this pest, wipe the plant's leaves with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. You can also spray a neem oil solution to control the population.
Scale:Scale is an insect that appears like bumps on the stems and leaves of Biophytum nyikense Exell. They attack the plant by feeding on the sap, causing yellow leaves, wilting, and stunted growth. To manage this pest, wipe the plant with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or spray a neem oil solution.
By implementing proper disease and pest management practices, Biophytum nyikense Exell can grow healthy and thrive.
