Overview
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff, also known as H?h? in Hawaiian, is a plant species endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It belongs to the Asteraceae or sunflower family, and is a perennial herb with delicate leaves and bright yellow flowers.
Appearance
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff typically grows to around 1 meter (3 feet) in height, and has finely hair-covered stems and leaves. The leaves are a bright green color and deeply divided, with pointed, delicate leaflets that give the plant a feathery appearance. The flowers are around 2cm (0.8 inches) in diameter, with bright yellow petals and a dark yellow center. They bloom on long, slender stalks throughout the year.
Uses
H?h? was traditionally used by Native Hawaiians to treat a variety of ailments, including stomach pains, kidney issues, and rheumatism. The leaves were also used to help make dyes for kapa, traditional Hawaiian bark cloth. Nowadays, the plant is mostly used for ornamental purposes in gardens and landscaping.
Light Requirements
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff typically requires full sun to grow. It is adapted to the high light intensity and can tolerate direct sunlight for long periods without damage. However, some shade during the hottest parts of the day may be necessary in hot climates to prevent leaf scorching.
Temperature Requirements
The plant can grow in a range of temperatures, but the optimal temperature range is between 20°C and 30°C (68°F to 86°F). It cannot tolerate frost and should be protected from temperatures below 0°C (32°F). In areas with cooler temperatures, the plant may survive as an annual and regrow from seeds the following year.
Soil Requirements
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff prefers well-draining soils that are rich in nutrients and organic matter. Sandy loam soils are ideal for the plant's growth. It can also grow in soils with a pH range between 5.5 and 7.5. The plant requires moderate watering and cannot tolerate waterlogged conditions, which can cause root rot.
Cultivation
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff can be cultivated in either containers or garden beds. For containers, choose a pot with well-draining soil and place in a location that gets full sun or partial shade. For garden beds, choose a location with well-draining soil and full sun exposure.
Watering Needs
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff requires regular watering, especially during hot and dry periods. Make sure the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Avoid letting the soil dry out completely. Using mulch can help retain moisture in the soil.
Fertilization
Provide Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff with a balanced fertilizer every four to six weeks during the growing season. Avoid over-fertilizing as this can lead to excessive foliage growth and reduced flowering.
Pruning
Pruning Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff will encourage bushier growth and promote more flowering. Cut back the stems by about a third in late winter or early spring before new growth appears. Deadheading spent flowers regularly will also encourage more blooming.
Propagation of Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff, commonly known as Hae Hawaii or A?e, is a perennial plant that produces beautiful yellow flowers and is native to Hawaii. Propagation of Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff involves two methods - by seeds and through stem cuttings.
Propagation by Seeds
Propagation of Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff by seeds can be done in the spring season. Harvest the seeds once the plant flower has bloomed and once the flowers have faded. Collect the seeds from the seed heads and store them in a cool, dry place until spring arrives. In spring, sow the seeds in trays filled with sterile, well-draining soil and water them adequately.
The seeds of Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff have a high germination rate. Keep the trays in a warm area and maintain consistent moisture until the seedlings emerge in a few weeks. Once the seedlings are large enough to handle, transplant them into small pots. Provide the seedlings with ample light and a well-draining, nutrient-rich soil to help them grow well. After a few months, transplant the young plants into the garden.
Propagation through Stem Cuttings
Propagation of Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff through stem cuttings is usually done in the summer season. Take the stem cuttings from the parent plant using a sterilized cutting tool. Cut about 4 to 6 inches of healthy stem that does not have any flowers or buds. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone powder.
Place the stem cutting in a pot filled with moistened, well-draining soil. Insert the stem cutting into the soil to a depth that covers at least one node, which is the part of the stem where the leaves are located. Place a plastic bag over the pot to maintain humidity and put it in a shaded area. Maintain consistent moisture and check the cutting every few days for new growth.
Once new growth appears, remove the plastic bag and move the pot to a bright, warm area. Continue to water the plant adequately until it grows to a suitable size. After a few months, transplant the young plant into the garden.
Disease Management for Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff
Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff, commonly known as Island Beggartick, is generally a hardy plant and not susceptible to many diseases. However, prevention is always better than cure, and some precautionary measures can help maintain plant health.
One of the essential steps to prevent diseases in Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff is to provide the plant with adequate water, sunlight, and nutrients. Overwatering can lead to root rot and fungal growth, while poor soil quality can create a habitat for pests and diseases.
Another useful method to control diseases in Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff is to maintain proper hygiene in and around the plant. Dead leaves, stems, and flowers should be removed promptly to prevent the accumulation of organic matter and discourage pests' growth.
In case of an outbreak of diseases such as powdery mildew or downy mildew, fungicides can be used as a preventative measure. However, it is essential to follow the instructions on the label and take all necessary safety precautions.
Pest Management for Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff
Like with most plants, Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff can also fall prey to pests such as aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. Neglecting pest management can lead to stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and plant death.
A useful way to control pests in Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff is to maintain proper hygiene and avoid overcrowding. Pests tend to thrive in humid and congested areas, making it crucial to prune the plant periodically and increase air circulation.
Another effective method to control pests is to use insecticidal soaps or oils, which disrupt the pests' cell membranes and cause dehydration. However, it is essential to ensure that the product used is safe for the plant and follow the label instructions correctly.
If infestation persists, using chemical pesticides can be an option. However, it is advisable to use them as a last resort and take appropriate safety measures as they can harm beneficial insects and be toxic to humans and animals.
With proper care and attention, Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff can grow healthily and free from diseases and pests.
